DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

DEE20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

EXPERIMENT NO AND TITLE: 1- BASIC LOGIC GATES

DATE OF EXPERIMENT: 7/10/2021

LECTURER’S NAME: PUAN HAJAH HAFIZA BINTI NYAK HARUN

PRACTICAL COGNITIVE TOTAL TOTAL

NO. NAME & STUDENT ID SKILLS ASSESSMENT MARK MARK
/(40) /(10) /(50) /(100)
NUR AQHMAL HAZEEM BIN NOR
1.
HISHAM 02DTK20F2003
KHAIDIR BIN MOHAMAD
2.
02DTK20F2026
3.

ASPECT ITEM MARKS

DISCUSSION ∕6
COGNITIVE
CONCLUSION ∕4
ASSESSMENT
TOTAL ∕ 10

SUBMISSION DATE: 7/10/2021

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DEE20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

EXPERIMENT 1 : BASIC LOGIC GATES

OBJECTIVES :
1. To construct basic logic gates and universal logic gate.
2. To construct the input-ouput table for basic logic gates and universal logic gates.

MATERIAL/TOOL NEEDED:
MULTISIM SIMULATOR

THEORY :

BASIC LOGIC GATES

Any two-state device can be used to achieve a binary logic function. This term refers to its ability to respond to a
two-state input signal and develop a corresponding output signal. In Digital System, these two possible values or logic
states, such as on or off and open or closed, typically represented as binary digit called ‘bit’ either ‘1’-High or ‘ 0’-Low.

In digital electronics, basic circuits that make simple logic decisions are called gates. Three basic logic gates are
AND, OR and NOT. The NOR gate is equivalent to an OR gate followed by an inverter. The gates are manufactured in
a form of chips call Integrated circuit (IC).

The NAND gate is the backbone of the 7400 TTL series because most devices in this family are derived from
the NAND gate design. The NAND gate is a universal gate since any logic circuit can be built with NAND gates only.
Figure 1.1 shows how to determine the IC’s pin numbers and the power supply for each integrated circuit is 5 V.

Figure 1.1

Figure 1.2 shows the equivalent voltage values to represent logic 1 and logic 0;

Positive Logic: Logic 1 = 2.8 volt to 5 volt Negative Logic: Logic 1 = 0 volt to - 0.8 volt
Logic 0 = 0 volt to 0.8 volt Logic 0 = -2.8 volt to -5 volt

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DEE20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

5.0 V POSITIVE LOGIC

Logic 1
2.8 V
Undefined Range

0.8 Logic 0
0V Logic 1
- 0.8 V
Undefined Range
- 2.8 V
Logic 0
- 5.0 V NEGATIVE LOGIC

Figure 1.2 : Voltage for logic HIGH and logic LOW

PROCEDURES:

A. INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (IC) BASIC LOGIC GATES

1. By using Multisim simulator, draw the logic circuit for AND gate.
(Refer Figure 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6)
2. Push the switch to apply input signal to the gate according to Table 1.2.
(Refer Figure 1.7)
(*NOTE: LED ON = logic ‘1’ & LED OFF = logic ‘0’ )
3. Record the output into Table 1.2.
4. Repeat steps 1 to 3 for IC 7404, 7432 and 7486 and record the output into Table 1.1, 1.3 and 1.4 respectively.

B. INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (IC) UNIVERSAL GATES

1. By using Multisim simulator, draw the logic circuit for NOR gate.
2. Push the switch to apply input signal to the gate according to Table 1.5.
(*NOTE: LED ON = logic ‘1’ & LED OFF = logic ‘0’ )
3. Record the output into Table 1.4.
4. Repeat steps 1 to 4 for IC 7400 and record the output into Table1. 6.

C. ANALYSE BASIC LOGIC GATES USING COMBINATIONAL LOGIC GATES

1. Obtain the equation for output F for Figure 1.8.

F =(A’B)X(A+B’)

Figure 1.8

3. By using Multisim simulator draw the logic circuit as shown in Figure 1.8. (Notes: combination of 3 different
gates)
4. Push the switch to apply input signal and record the output F as shown in Table 1.7.

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 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
DEE20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

RESULT:
IC Type: 7404 IC Type : 7408 IC Type : 7432
Gate Type: NOT GATE Gate Type: Gate Type: OR
AND GATE
GATE

Gate Symbol: Gate Symbol: Gate

symbol;

Table 1.1 Table 1.2 Table 1.3

Input Output Input Output Input Output
A F A B F A B F
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1

1 0 0 1 0 1

1 1 1 1 1 1

IC Type 7486 IC Type : 7402 IC Type : 7400

Gate Type: XOR GATE Gate Type :NOR GATE Gate Type: NAND GATE

Gate Symbol: Gate Symbol Gate symbol

Table 1.4 Table 1.5 Table 1.6

Input Output Input Output Input Output
A B F A B F A B F
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0

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DEE20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Table 1.7
Input Output
A B F
0 0

0 1

1 0

1 1

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DEE20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

DISCUSSION

1. Discuss the output of AND, OR, NAND and NOR gates by referring to the truth table in RESULT.
(6 marks)
Based on our discussion the output of AND ,OR ,NAND and NOR gates are, An AND gate
operates on logical multiplication rules. In this gate, if either of the inputs is low (0), then the output is
also low. If all of the inputs are high (1), then the output will also be high. Secondly, the
The output of the NAND gate is always at logic high/”1″ and only goes to logic low/”0″ when all the
inputs to the NAND gate are at logic 1. Next, a NOR gates is a digital logic gate with two or more
inputs and one output with behavior that is the opposite of an OR gate. The output of a NOR gate is
true all of its inputs are false. If one or more of a NOR gate's inputs are true, then the output of the
NOR gate is false. Lastly the OR gate is an electronic circuit that gives a high output (1) if one or more
of its inputs are high. A plus (+) is used to show the OR operation.

CONCLUSION

Derive the conclusion from the experiment you have done. (4 marks)

In conclusion, based on the basic logic gates and universal logic gate and input-ouput table for basic logic gates and
universal logic gates that we have done, we explored the function of the basic logic gates. I learned how to implement
them with a simulate integrated circuits. I tested the output voltage of the breadboard circuits using the Multisim, and
ensured the results corresponded with the truth table of the logic gate tested.Students learn how to follow the lab
manual,and how to properly design and test a circuit in simulator. A gate is an electronic device which is used to
compute a function on a two valued signal. Logic gates are the basic building block of digital circuits. Basically, all
logic gates have one output and two inputs. Some logic gates like NOT gate or Inverter has only one input and one
output.

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DEE20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

ATTACHMENT:

Figure 1.3 : The pin configuration for different logic gates of series 7400/5400.

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DEE20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Figure 1.4 : Identify AND Gate

Figure 1.5: Select Input

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DEE20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Figure 1.6 : Select Output

Figure 1.7 : Simulation

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DEE20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

RESULT :
- Paste your logic circuit here.

AND gate (Example) NOT gate

OR gate EX-OR gate

NOR gate NAND gate

Figure 1.8

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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
DEE20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

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