1

INI N G
T RA
I C AL
INDEPENDENT INSPECTION

C HN
A I T E
TH TX3022_20210719__R00
 2

Content

INI N G
1 Critical Maintenance Tasks
2 Error-capturing methods

T RA
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure
2.2 Re-inspection procedure

I C A L
H N
3 Procedures to Detect and Rectify Maintenance Errors

C
3.1 Procedure to minimise the risk of multiple errors and preventing omissions

A I T E
3.2 Methods in use to minimise the risks of errors being repeated in identical
maintenance tasks compromising more than one system or function

T H
 3

1 Critical Maintenance Tasks

INI N G
RA
‘Critical maintenance task’ is a maintenance task that involves the assembly or any

T
disturbance of a system or any part of an aircraft, engine or propeller that, if an error

L
occurred during its performance, could directly endanger the flight safety.

I C A
‘Endangers flight safety’ is any instances where safe operation could not be assured, or

N
which could lead to an unsafe condition. It typically includes, but is not limited to,

C H
significant cracking, deformation, corrosion or failure of primary structure, any evidence

E
of burning, electrical arcing, significant hydraulic fluid or fuel leakage, and any

T
emergency system or total system failure. An airworthiness directive that is overdue for

A I
compliance is also considered to be a hazard to flight safety.

T H
 4

1 Critical Maintenance Tasks

INI N G
A
1.1 Critical Task List

R
The critical maintenance task items derive from

T
• information from the design approval holder;

L
• accident reports;

C A
• the investigation and follow-up of incidents;

I
• occurrence reporting;

H N
• flight data analysis;

C
• the results of audits;

E
• monitoring schemes for normal operations;

I T
• feedback from training.

T H A
When the customer defines its own list of critical maintenance tasks, the effective tasks to be
carried out are the combination of items set forth by THAI and the customer.
Responsible planner or qualifying inspector shall clarify and specify the critical tasks into
jobcards.
 5

1 Critical Maintenance Tasks

INI N G
1.1 Critical Task List

T
A critical task includes but is not limited to the following:

RA
L
• tasks that may affect the control of the aircraft flight path and attitude, such as the

C A
installation, rigging and adjustments of flight controls;

I
• tasks that may affect the aircraft stability control systems (autopilots, fuel transfer);

H N
• tasks that may affect the propulsive force of the aircraft, including the installation of

C
aircraft engines, propellers and rotors;

E
• the overhaul, calibration or rigging of engines, propellers, transmissions and

I T
gearboxes; and

A
• tasks that required by AMM to do the second inspection

T H
Table of determination criteria of duplicate inspection item is on TTPM-QP 916 Handling
of Safety Critical Item and Duplication Inspection Item Procedure.
 6

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
• Independent Inspection

T RA
L
• Re-inspection

N I C A
T E C H
H A I
T
 7

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

T RA
L
‘Independent Inspection’ is an inspection performed by an ‘independent qualified person’ of

A
a task carried out by an ‘authorised person’.

N I C
‘Authorised Person’ is the person who performs the task or supervises the task and that

H
one assumes the full responsibility for the completion of the task in accordance with the

E C
applicable maintenance data. The authorised person issues the certificate of release to

T
service or signs off the completion of the task after the independent inspection has been

I
carried out satisfactorily

T H A
‘Independent Qualified Person’ is the person who performs the independent inspection and
attests the satisfactory completion of the task and that no deficiencies have been found.
 8

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

T RA
L
‘‘Duplicate Inspection’ is the inspection certified by a first Authorised Person and

A
subsequently a second inspection certified by Independent Qualified Person.

N I C
Duplicate Inspection is old terminology where it required two persons who held an

H
authorisation to issue certificate release to service (CRS) for that particular

E C
inspection. This is no longer required.

I T
RII item is defined as: A designation of the items of maintenance and alteration that must

A
be inspected (required inspections) including at least those that could result in a failure,

T H
malfunction or defect, endangering the safe operation of the aircraft if not performed
properly or if improper parts or materials are used.
 9

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

T RA
The first signature of the independent inspection is completed by the person authorised

A L
to issue a certificate release to service for the particular aircraft type or component. The

I C
second signature attests to the satisfactory completion of the work recorded and that no

N
deficiencies have been found. Both signatories should also consider the whole

H
maintenance accomplished.

I T E C
T H A
 10

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

INI N G
2.1.1 Personnel authorised for the independent inspections

T RA
The Independent Qualified Person shall be a certifying staff or support staff or qualifying inspector or

L
equivalent necessary to sign off the critical maintenance task.

A
This person shall be familiar with product or similar product, shall receive specific practical training in

I C
the task to be inspected, and shall have enough experience in the specific task to be inspected

N
together with how to perform independent inspection.

E C H
2.1.2 Determination of Items required Independent Inspection
Determination of Critical task Item or required Independent Inspection item of Maintenance

T
I
Requirement Item, Technical Order and Engineering Directive shall be performed by the Central

A
Engineers (JA).

H
Determination of Critical task Item or required Independent Inspection item of work instruction that

T
advised by Manufacturer shall be performed by the production engineers (DM-A/LB-E)
Determination of Critical task Item or required Independent Inspection item of non-routine as AI task
shall be performed by The Qualifying inspectors.
 11

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

T RA
L
Items required Independent Inspection

ATA 24 - ELECTRICAL POWER

N I C A
MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT CONTROL OF

H
STABILITY

C
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT INSTALL Adjustment Test/Check Borescope

E
1.Integrated Drive Generator (IDG) or

T
Variable Frequency Generator(VFG) or

I
X X

A
Variable Frequency Starter

H
Generator(VFSG)

T
 12

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
RA
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

T
Items required Independent Inspection

L
ATA 34 - NAVAGATION

A
NOTE: Skin waviness measurement

I C
and repairs to RVSM critical or MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT CONTROL OF

N
controlled areas, refer to ATA Chapter STABILITY

H
51 - Structures.

E C
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT INSTALL Adjustment Test/Check Borescope

T
1. Dual (2) Pitot / Static System X X

I
2. Pitot Probes X

A
3. Static Ports X

H
4. Pitot / Static Lines, Drains

T
(associated plumbing) X X
5. Pitot / Static Quick Disconnect
Fittings X X
 13

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

INI N G
Items required Independent Inspection
ATA 26-Fire Extinquisher

T RA
MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT CONTROL OF

L
STABILITY

A
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT INSTALL Adjustment Test/Check Borescope

I C
1. Lower Deck Cargo Fire Extinquisher

N
leak Check x

ATA 27 - FLIGHT CONTROLS

T E C H MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT CONTROL OF FLIGHT

PATH

I
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT INSTALL ADJUSTMENT Test/Check Borescope

A
1. Flight Control Surface installation x

H
2. Flight control Surface flushness

T
adjustment x
3. Flight Control Rigging x
4.Flight Control Tab Adjustment x
 14

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

T RA
L
Items required Independent Inspection

ATA 28- Fuel

N I C A
MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT CONTROL OF
STABILITY

H
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT INSTALL Adjustment Test/Check Borescope

C
1. Fuel Transfer x

E
2. Fuel Quantity Indication System x

A I T
ATA 29- Hydraulic System MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT CONTROL OF

H
STABILITY

T
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT INSTALL Adjustment Test/Check Borescope
1. RAT Deployment x
 15

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
A
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure
Items required Independent Inspection
ATA 32-Landing Gear

L T R
A
MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT LANDING SYSTEM

I C
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT INSTALL Adjustment Test/Check Borescope

N
1. Landing Gear Installation x

H
2. Landing Gear Extension/Retraction

C
System x

E
3.Nose Gear Steering x

A I
ATA 52-Door
T
H
MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT STABILITY

T
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT INSTALL Adjustment Test/Check Borescope
1. Door Gap x
2. Passenger Door x
 16

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

INI N G
RA
Items required Independent Inspection

T
ATA 72- MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT CONTROL OF

L
STABILITY

A
REMOVE/INS

I C
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT TALL Adjustment Test/Check Borescope

N
1. Engine X

H
2. Engine fwd sump X X

C
3. Engine aft sump X X

E
4. AGB/TGB magnetic chip detectors X

T
5. Debris monitoring system detectors X

A I
6. Scavenge screens X

H
ATA 73-

T
MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT LANDING SYSTEM
REMOVE/INS
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT TALL Adjustment Test/Check Borescope
1. Engine fuel filter element X
 17

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure
Items required Independent Inspection

T RA
ATA 74 -

A L
MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT LANDING SYSTEM

I C
N
REMOVE/INS

H
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT TALL Adjustment Test/Check Borescope

C
1. Ignitor plugs X

E
ATA 79-

T
MAINTYENANCE ACTION EFFECT STABILITY

A I
REMOVE/INS

H
AFFECTED SYSTEM/COMPONENT TALL adjust Test/Check Borescope

T
1. Engine oil supply filter element. X
2. Engine oil scavenge filter element. X
 18

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
A
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

T R
2.1.3 Process to perform the Independent Inspection
The independent inspection should ensure the correct assembly, locking and sense of

I C A L
operation of the parts involved. A combination of several actions (e.g. visual inspections,
operational checks, functional tests, rigging checks) may be required.

H
Service/lubrication (SERVICE/LUB)

C N
The term 'service or lubrication' requires that a component or system should be serviced

T E
and/or replenished as necessary with the correct fuel, oil, grease, water, oxygen, etc., to a

I
condition specified in the appropriate maintenance manual. The term may also be used to

A
require filter cleaning or replacement.

T H
Check (CHK)
A 'check' is the verification of compliance with the type design organisation’s instructions for
continuing airworthiness.
 19

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure
2.1.3 Process to perform the Independent Inspection

T RA
A L
Operational check (OP/C)

C
An 'operational check' is a test used to determine that a system or component or any

N I
function thereof is operating normally.

H
Functional check (F/C)

C
A 'functional check' is a detailed examination of a complete system, sub-system or

E
component to determine if operating parameters are within limits of range of movement, rate

I T
of flow, temperature, pressure, revolutions per minute, degrees of travel, etc., as specified in

A
the appropriate maintenance manual. Measured parameters must be recorded in the

H
associated work pack.

T
 20

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure
2.1.3 Process to perform the Independent Inspection

T RA
L
Inspect (INSP)

C A
An 'inspection' is a visual check performed externally or internally in suitable lighting

I
conditions from a distance considered necessary to detect unsatisfactory

H N
conditions/discrepancies using, where necessary, inspection aids such as mirrors, torches,

C
a magnifying glass etc. Surface cleaning and removal of detachable cowlings, panels,

E
covers and fabric may be required to be able to satisfy the inspection requirements.

I T
Detailed Visual Inspection (DVI)

A
An intensive visual examination of a specific structural area, system, installation or

H
assembly to detect damage, failure or irregularity. Available lighting is normally

T
supplemented with a direct source of good lighting at an intensity deemed appropriate by
the inspector. Inspection aids such as mirrors, magnifying lenses, etc may be use. Surface
cleaning and elaborate access procedures may be required.
 21

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure
2.1.3 Process to perform the Independent Inspection

T RA
L
The independent inspection shall be carried out after any flight safety sensitive maintenance

C A
task has been carried out. The “flight safety sensitive maintenance task” is the maintenance

I
task that involve the assembly or any disturbance of a control system that if its maintenance

H N
and inspection is incorrectly performed could result in a failure, malfunction, or defect

C
endangering the safe operation of the aircraft. The “control system” is an aircraft system by

E
which the flight path, attitude, or propulsive force of the aircraft is changed, including the

I T
flight, engine and propeller controls, the related system controls and the associated

A
operating mechanisms.

T H
 22

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
RA
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

T
2.1.3 Process to perform the Independent Inspection

L
For the purposes of independent inspections, the flight control system of an aircraft includes:

A
• the main control surfaces;

I C
• lift and drag devices;

N
• trim and feel systems;

H
• flight control lock systems;

E C
• collective pitch system;

T
• cyclic pitch system;

I
• yaw system;

H A
• associated operating mechanisms and/or control systems, including servo systems; and

T
• ballonet systems in airships.
 23

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

INI N G
2.1.3 Process to perform the Independent Inspection

T RA
To ensure correct assembly and function of the flight control systems of an aircraft to be

A L
carried out and certified prior to the certification being made for the completion of

I C
maintenance of any part of an aircraft control system involve:

N
• assembly;

H
• adjustment;

C
• repair;

E
• modification; or

I T
• replacement

A
‘Correct assembly and function’ means:

H
• the control system and its components have been correctly assembled and adjusted;

T
• locking devices have been made safe; and
• the controls have full and free movement, in the correct sense, throughout their operating
range.
 24

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
RA
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

T
2.1.3 Process to perform the Independent Inspection

L
The independent qualified person should consider the following points independently:

A
• All those parts of the system that have actually been disconnected or disturbed shall be

I C
inspected for their correct assembly and locking;

N
• The system as a whole should be inspected for full and free movement over the complete

H
range;

E C
• Cables should be tensioned correctly with adequate clearance at secondary stops;

T
• The operation of the control system as a whole should be observed to ensure that the

I
controls operate in the correct sense;

H A
• If different control systems are interconnected so that they affect each other, all the

T
interactions should be checked through the full range of the applicable controls; and
• Software that is part of the critical maintenance task should be checked, for example, its
version, and its compatibility with the aircraft configuration.
 25

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
RA
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure

T
2.1.4 Work Card Recording of Independent Inspection

L
The Planning Personnel shall prepare job card to support Critical Maintenance task and

A
Independent Inspection of Maintenance Requirement Item, Technical Order and Engineering

I C
Directive by identifying SCT, RII, DII or CDCCL (which is an abbreviation of Safety Critical

N
Task, Required Inspection Item, Duplicate Inspection Item and critical design configuration

H
control limitations respectively) on the header including adding Duplicate Inspection

E C
paragraph in the final step of work on the jobcard.

T
The Qualifying Inspector shall prepare job card to support Critical Maintenance task and

I
Independent Inspection of non-routine task as AI task by adding Duplicate Inspection

H A
paragraph in the final step of work on the jobcard.

T
 26

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
A
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure
2.1.4 Work Card Recording of Independent Inspection
Line Maintenance

L T R
TASK
PERFORMED

I C
FIRST

N A SECOND
VERIFIED BY

H
BY INSPECTED BY INSPECTED BY

C
Cat. RCAB No.77

E
Cat. RCAB
Independent Cat. RCAB No.77 Article 8.A.1

T
No.77 Article

I
Inspection Mechanic Article 8.A.1 certifying staff *
8.A.1 certifying

A
Task certifying staff (Difference

H
staff of 1st Step
Person)

T
 27

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
A
2.1 Independent Inspection Procedure
2.1.4 Work Card Recording of Independent Inspection
Base Maintenance

L T R
TASK
PERFORMED

I C A
FIRST INSPECTED

N
SECOND
VERIFIED BY

H
BY BY INSPECTED BY

C
RCAB No.77 RCAB No.77

E
Independent RCAB No.77
Article 8.A.2 or A.3 Article 8.A.2 or

T
Inspection Mechanic Article 8.A.2 or

I
support staff* A.3 support
Task A.3 support staff

A
(Difference Person) staff of 1st Step

T H
 28

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
RA
2.2 Re-inspection procedure

L T
In case of unforeseen circumstances when only one person is available and independent

A
inspection by independent qualified person cannot be performed, the re-inspection by the

I C
authorized personnel is an alternative process on condition that the independent inspection

N
process shall be taken into consideration when performing the re-inspection.

H
‘Re-inspection’ is an error-capturing method subject to the same conditions as an

C
independent inspection is, except that the ‘authorised person’ performing the maintenance

T E
task is also acting as ‘independent qualified person’ and performs the inspection.

H A I
T
 29

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
RA
2.2 Re-inspection procedure

2.2.1 Re-inspection process and Work Card Recording

A L T
The re-inspection, as an alternative error-capturing method, should only be performed in

I C
unforeseen circumstances when only one person is available to carry out the task and

N
independent inspection.

H
The circumstances cannot be considered unforeseen if a suitable ‘independent qualified

C
person’ has not been assigned to that particular line station or work shift.

T E
The authorised person who can perform re-inspection shall be certifying staff, support staff,

I
aircraft inspector or equivalent.

A
The identification and the details of the re-inspection shall be recorded on the jobcard. The

H
re-inspection paragraph shall be replaced the duplicate inspection paragraph on the jobcard.

T
 30

2 Error-
Error-capturing methods

INI N G
RA
2.2 Re-inspection procedure

2.2.1 Re-inspection process and Work Card Recording

A L T
C
PERFORMED FIRST INSPECTED SECOND

I
TASK VERIFIED BY
BY BY INSPECTED BY

H N
Cat. RCAB
Cat. RCAB No.77

C
Independent Cat. RCAB No.77 No.77 Article

E
Article 8.A.1
Inspection Mechanic Article 8.A.1 8.A.1 certifying

T
certifying staff *

I
Task certifying staff * staff * (Same 1st
(Same 1st person)

A
person)

T H
 31

3 Procedures to Detect and Rectify Maintenance Errors.

INI N G
T RA
L
To minimise any errors being repeated in identical maintenance tasks compromising more

A
than one system or function, therefore, no person is allowed to perform a maintenance task

I C
involving removal/installation or assembly/disassembly of several components of the same

N
type fitted to more than one system, a failure of which could have an impact on safety, on the

H
same aircraft or component during a particular maintenance check.

I T E C
T H A
 32

3 Procedures to Detect and Rectify Maintenance Errors.

INI N G
RA
3.1 Procedure to minimise the risk of multiple errors and preventing omissions

T
Every maintenance step is signed-off only after completion in accordance with MOE 2.13.3

A L
Completion of Maintenance documentation. Each critical steps required signing off is clearly

I C
marked on jobcard.

C H N
A I T E
T H
 33

3 Procedures to Detect and Rectify Maintenance Errors.

INI N G
RA
3.2 Methods in use to minimise the risks of errors being repeated in identical

T
maintenance tasks compromising more than one system or function

I C A L
To minimise any possibilities of errors being repeated, either method shall be applied:
• Independent inspection method or re-inspection method

N
• A planning method which is the planning the performance by different authorized

H
persons of the same task in different systems

T E C
The planning method shall be handled and managed by production planner incorporation

I
with manager or his delegate to plan and assign different authorized persons to certify the

A
identical maintenance tasks in different systems. In case of inability to plan as such, the

H
identical maintenance tasks of each different systems shall be selected to be performed in

T
different maintenance check on condition that the required maintenance interval shall not
be exceeded.