THE OPEN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

DIPLOMA IN TECHNOLOGY
ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015
ECX 4252– POWER SYSTEMS I

Academic coordinator : G.V Buddhika De Silva

Course coordinator : G.V Buddhika De Silva
Contact Phone : (011) 2881272 ext. 272
E-mail : gvsil@ou.ac.lk

Mail address : The Academic Coordinator – ECX4252,

Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering Technology,
The Open University of Sri Lanka,
Nawala, Nugegoda. 10250

Course Information
The course consists of
 Three assignments
The assignments should be submitted on or before due dates. The late submission is
not accepted under any circumstances.
 Two Continuous Assessment Tests (CAT):
CAT exams will be held on the dates specified in the activity diary and both are
Open book type.
 Three compulsory Laboratory sessions
 Three Day schools:
Day schools will be conducted at the dates specified in the activity diary. Although
day schools are not compulsory, you are advised to attend to these day schools.
 Eligibility Criteria
1B(TMA)0.15+2B(TMA)0.15+1B(CAT)0.3+AVG(LAB)0.4>= 40 & AVG(LAB) >= 40
 Final examination:
The question paper will be of duration 3 hours and is closed book type.

Moodle class
This course will be available under the section ‘Electrical and Computer Engineering’ in
the NODES –OUSL web site.

Instructions for logging in:

You should go to the NODES –OUSL page (http://ousl.nodes.lk/) and log in.
Username: your National Identity Card number
Password : s-user (for first time users)( use all simple letters)

use your “changed password” (if you have logged in before and already changed your
password)
Page 1 of 6 ECX 4252 – Assignments 2014 -2015
 ECX 4252 - ASSIGNMENT 01
Date of submission: 19th December 2014
Late submission is not acceptable under any circumstances

Q1.
I. List types of electrical power generation technologies used in Sri Lankan power system
and briefly explain the operation of each power plants using schematic diagrams or flow
charts.
II. The total electrical energy requirement of a country for the particular year was 11962
GWh and 40% of energy generated through thermal power plants. Out of which, 12%
generated by coal power plants and 28 % by Diesel power plants. If respective Gross
calorific values of Coal and Auto Diesel are 10500 kJ/kg and 44800 kJ/kg and
efficiencies of two power plants were 39% and 38%.Calculate the kilograms of fuel
used by two power plants for that year.

Q2.
I. A delta connected load shown in figure Q2 and connected across a 440 V, 60 Hz, three
phase supply system. Let the phase sequence as R-Y-B and calculate ;
a) Phase currents
b) Line currents
c) Total power in to the system and draw the phasor diagram of the system

IR

IY

IB

Figure Q2

II. A Three phase 440 V, star connected load draws 250 kW at a power factor 0.8 lagging.
If Star connected capacitor bank is installed parallel with this load to improve the power
factor of the system and power at the capacitor bank measured to be 60 kvar. Find the
change of line current at the supply side due to addition of capacitor bank and new
power factor of the system.

Page 2 of 6 ECX 4252 – Assignments 2014 -2015

Q3. A single line diagram of a distribution section of simple power system is shown in figure
Q3. The voltage at the point D is maintained at 440 V [line – line].

A
ZAB = 0.3+j1 Ω B ZBC = 1+j3 Ω C ZCD = 2+j5 Ω D

Resistive Load Capacitive Load Inductive Load

15 kW 10 kW 125 kVA
15 kvar 0.65 pf Lagging

Figure Q3
a) Calculate the voltages at points A,B and C
b) Calculate the total power delivered to the system at point A and its power factor
c) Draw the complete phasor diagram for the above power system

Q4. An industrial factory, supplied with three phase, 400 V supply and having power factor
of 0.85 lagging at the supply side has the electricity load curve, follows the curve as,
Load (L) = (-150) + 30 × T– T2 in kW at working hours, where T is time in 24 hour
format. If factory works 12 hours [8.00 to 20.00] per day and it can be assumed that the
load at non-working hours is 10 kW and 30 days per billing month.
For this factory;
a) Find the maximum demand
b) Calculate the cost for electricity per month
c) If it is required to improve the power factor to the 0.9 lagging, calculate the required
capacity of the capacitor per phase
d) Find out whether there are any financial benefits of improving the power factor to the
value of 0.9 lagging.
[Tariff plan of the Industrial customers metered at the 400/230 V is given by table Q4]

Tariff plan
Industrial Purpose

Customer Category I- 1
This rate shall apply to supplies at each individual point of supply delivered and
metered at 400/230 Volt nominal and where the contract demand is less than or equal to
42 kVA.

Customer Category I- 2
This rate shall apply to supplies at each individual point of supply delivered and
metered at 400/230 Volt nominal and where the contract demand exceeds 42 kVA.

Page 3 of 6 ECX 4252 – Assignments 2014 -2015

 Maximum Fuel
Fixed Demand adjustment
Energy charge
Customer Charge Charge charge
(LKR/kWh)
Category (LKR/ per month (% of
month) (LKR Energy
/kVA) Charge)
Peak Off-Peak Day
(1830hr– (2230hr- (0530hr-
2230hr) 0530hr) 1830hr)
Industry
I-1 12.50 600 15
I-2 21.00 7.00 11.30 3,000 1,100 15

Figure Q4
Source : www.ceb.lk

ECX 4252 - ASSIGNMENT 02

Date of submission: 20th February 2015

Late submission is not acceptable under any circumstances.

Q1. A three-phase, 50 Hz, transposed overhead transmission line consisting of four-

conductor bundle with equal spacing per-phase is shown in figure Q1. Outside diameter
of each conductor is equal to 1.8 cm. Resistivity and temperature coefficient of the
Conductor material at 20oC are 1.78 × 10-8 Ω m and 0.00382 oC-1 respectively.
50 cm

50 cm

3.65 m

12 m 12 m
Figure Q1

I. What are the effects of having irregular spacing’s of conductors in transmission system
and action taken to avoid it.

Page 4 of 6 ECX 4252 – Assignments 2014 -2015

 II. Calculate the GMD between conductors and self GMD
III. Determine per unit length inductance and capacitance of the line
IV. If the length of the transmission line is 250 km and ambient temperature is 42 oC,
calculate per-phase parameters of the equivalent T model of the transmission line
(State any assumptions you made)

Q2. A 100 km long single phase, double circuit overhead transmission line delivering 7.5
MW of power at 0.85 power factor lagging has following parameters per unit length:
Resistance = 0.8 Ω/km, Inductance 1.2 Ω/km, Susceptance 7 × 10-6 S/km.
Receiving end voltage is maintained at 33 kV.
I. Determine the equivalent π circuit model of the above transmission system
II. Using above π model Calculate voltage, current, power and power factor at the
receiving end of the line
III. Determine voltage regulation and transmission efficiency
IV. Draw the phasor diagram to show all the voltages and currents

Q3.
I. Briefly describe instrumental transformers including their types, arrangements in power
systems, advantages and disadvantages
II. Briefly explain the terms associated with circuit breakers,
a) Recovery voltage
b) Re- striking voltage
c) High resistance interruption
III. Using necessary sketches and explain, the most reliable bus bar scheme when
compared, Double bus single breaker scheme with One and Half breaker scheme

Q4.
I. 30 MVA, 66/11 kV, three phase transformer has primary leakage reactance of 21.78 Ω.
Considering the transformer rated values as base values, show that transformer has
unique per unit impedance values in primary and secondary sides.

II. A power system consists of two generators supplying a load at lagging power factor as
shown in figure Q4. Impedance of all the component in p.u values, based on their rated
values are given below;

Generator ( G1) : 22.5 MVA, 11 kV , 11 % reactance

Generator ( G2) : 18 MVA, 11 kV , 13 % reactance
Transformer ( T1) & (T2) : 11 kV/ 132 kV , 31.5 MVA, 15 % reactance
Transformer ( T3) : 132 kV / 33 kV, 60 MVA, 13 % reactance
Transmission lines : (45 +j180 ) Ω
Load ( L ) : 50 MVA , p.f 0.88 lagging

Page 5 of 6 ECX 4252 – Assignments 2014 -2015

 G1 G2

T1 T2

BUS 1

T3

Load

Figure Q4

I. Using 80 MVA as base power and 132 kV as base voltage at the transmission line,
express all component values in per unit values
II. Draw the impedance diagram using above per unit values
III. If voltage at load end is maintained at 1.0 p.u, calculate the voltage in p.u at the BUS 1

Page 6 of 6 ECX 4252 – Assignments 2014 -2015