Properties 

and testing
materials
CVEN 210

Portland cement Normal Consistency

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(ASTM C187 & C191)

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Fall 2012 – L01
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Dr. Okan Sirin
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:Done by
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QU ID Student name
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201000445 Mohammad Albardawil
201000568 Hamzah Amen Lotfy
201003752 Sayf Adel
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Performed date: 7th of November, 2012
Submit date     : 14th of November, 2012
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:Introduction
One of the main basic requirements for the students who studying Civil

engineers is working environment which needs a knowledge of Portland

cement proprieties which affects the concrete mixture in the end. In addition

to that, Normal Consistency is important property of Portland cement.

Consistency is the standard measure of the plasticity of a cement paste. Also,

the initial time is known as the time at which the cement can no longer be
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 properly mixed, finished, and compacted. In this lab we will learn how to make

(the test of Portland Cement Normal Consistency (ASTM C187 & C191

:Summary of Test Results
:After following the test procedures carefully, we found the following results
:The consistency
:For normal consistency: we did just one trail as following
.We took 27% of water = 175 g of water with 650 g PC to get 10 mm
.The initial set time is about 2:15 hrs = 175 min

:Equipment
.Timer .1
.Conical Ring .2

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.Glass Plate .3

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Balance - 0.01g resolution .4

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a weighing 300 g with a 10 mm plunger on one end and
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.1 mm removable needle on the other end
.Mixer .6
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.Cylinder .7
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Figure (4)- Vicat apparatus

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 :Procedure
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.Get PC 600g -1
.Get 175 ml of water -2
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.Mix the PC with water in the mixer machine -3

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Blend the cement and the water for 30 sec, wait 15 sec then start the -4
.mixer again with high speed for other 30 sec
Compress the cement mix into a ball shape using your hands and then -5
through the cement ball in a free path of about 6 in from hand to
.another
Put the cement mix ball in ring and then put the ring in a glass plate -6
.and take away whatever cement that flows from the ring uncover top

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 :For the initial time setting
Wait up to the needle cut through the Portland cement mix for no more -1
: than 25 mm and to reach this point we did the following
a) Wait 30 min before using the needle before the determining the first
.penetration
b) Use the 1mm needle to determine the penetration and if it wasn’t
the desired penetration wait for 15 min before repeating this step again until
.you reach 25mm
Record your required Data for the initial setting time and the final -2
.setting time

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:Detailed test results

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:Calculating the Normal Consistency

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:For 27% of water in the paste of cement ­

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.Water = 27% * 650 = 175 ml
Normal Consistency = 10 mm
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The result of Normal Consistency within the standard of consistency ­

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((ASTM C191

: The initial setting time

Time when taking
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No. of reading Penetration

reading
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Putting cement ---- 2:49

Second reading 32.00 mm 3:19

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Third reading 32.5 mm 3:34

Forth reading 32.00 mm 3:49

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Fifth reading 36.00 mm 4:04

Sixth reading 35.00mm 4:19

Seventh reading 30.00 mm 4:34

Eighth reading 29.00 mm 4:49

Ninth reading 24.00 mm 5:04

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 Table(1 )-Summary Of the Test of the initial time

:The consistency
:From the table 1 
The initial set time is about 2:15 hrs = 175 min, which shows the
.cement paste has a good workability

 :Discussion
One of the most important thing for the civil engineer is to know the all the

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properties of the material that he deals with. Therefore, we learned in this

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experiment how to calculate the normal Consistency of Portland Cement and

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define its Setting Time by using Vicat Needle test (ASTM C187 & C191). So,
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we followed the steps of the test procedures we got a result of the initial
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setting time of our cement paste is 175 minutes which shows that our sample
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.has a good workability

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The only problem we faced in the this lab, is that there is no enough Vicat
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apparatus for all the groups. Therefore, we have to do the same experiment
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with another group at the same time. Also, one guy of the other group did the
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apparatus test wrongly which gave us inaccurate results and cost us to spend
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.more time at the lab

:Report Questions
.(What is the quality of the cement used? (Poor or good (1
The quality for cement which is provided by the university is
good, especially because it doesn’t set rabidly which is a
.desirable propriety

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 What items in the test procedure will affect the results of the normal (2
?consistency test
The consistency can be affected by the amount of water and
the amount of cement used (w/c). Also the fineness and
.quality of Portland cement and the temperature of the water

What items in the test procedure will affect the results of the normal (3
?consistency test
The consistency can be affected by The amount of water
and the amount of cement used (w/c). also the fineness and

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.quality of Portland cement and the temperature of the water

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What items in the test procedure will affect the result of the set time
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?test
The consistency of the paste used, the quality and the
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fineness of the Portland cement, the temperature , and the

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.purity of the water used

:References
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ASTM C187 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement

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ASTM C191 Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle

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