IOT : Internet of Things

INTRODUCTION

What’s the Internet of Things

 Definition
(1) The Internet of Things, also called The Internet of
Objects, refers to a wireless network between objects,
usually the network will be wireless and self-configuring,
such as household appliances.
------Wikipedia
(2) By embedding short-range mobile transceivers into a
wide array of additional gadgets and everyday items,
enabling new forms of communication between people and
things, and between things themselves.
------WSIS 2005

What is Internet of Things (IoT)

 (3) Typically, IoT is expected to offer advanced connectivity
of devices, systems, and services that goes beyond machine-
to-machine communications (M2M) and covers a variety of
protocols, domains, and applications.
 (4) Things, in the IoT, can refer to a wide variety of devices
such as heart monitoring implants, bio-chip transponders on
farm animals, automobiles with built-in sensors, or field
operation devices that assist fire-fighters in search and
rescue. Current market examples include smart
thermostat systems and washer/dryers that utilize WiFi for
remote monitoring.

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What Is Internet Of Things?
The big information players are pushing out vision statements
trying to define the IoT.

 Cisco calls it the “Internet of Everything” and says it will be

the “latest wave of the Internet—connecting physical
objects… to provide better safety, comfort and efficiency.”

 IBM describes it as “a completely new world-wide Web,

one comprised of the messages that digitally empowered
devices would send to one another. It is the same Internet,
but not the same Web.”

http://electronicdesign.com/iot/understanding-protocols-behind-internet-things
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What Is Internet Of Things?

 General Electric’s “Industrial Internet” is perhaps the most exciting
vision because it directly envisions new applications. At GE, the
industrial Internet represents “the convergence of machine and
intelligent data… to create brilliant machines.”
 RTI, slogan is, “Your Systems. Working as One.” IoT will be an entirely
new utility. It will be as profound as the cell network, GPS, or the
Internet itself.
Other Terminology :
 USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Networks)
 M2M (Machine-to-Machine)
 Cloud of Things
 Web of Things
Everyone describes the future differently, but all agree that the IoT and
the intelligent systems it enables will fundamentally change our world.

What is Internet of Things (IoT)

 Due to the ubiquitous nature of connected objects in the IoT, an
unprecedented number of devices are expected to be connected
to the Internet.
 According to Gartner, there will be nearly 26 billion devices on
the Internet of Things by 2020.
 ABI Research estimates that more than 30 billion devices will
be wirelessly connected to the IoT by 2020.
 Per a recent survey and study done by Pew Research Internet
Project, a large majority of the technology experts and engaged
Internet users who responded. 83% agreed with the notion that
the Internet/Cloud of Things and embedded and wearable
computing will have widespread and beneficial effects by
2025. It is, as such, clear that the IoT will consist of a very large
number of devices being connected to the Internet.

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Introduction

The evolution of connected computing has seen a dramatic increase lately.

What does 50 billion means

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What is IOT?

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NEW DIMENSION

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Evolution of Internet

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EVERY Where

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Challenges
 Full inter-operability of interconnected devices
 Providing them higher degree of smartness
• Adaptation and autonomous power
• Guaranteeing trust, security, privacy
 Things are low resource
• Energy and computation power
 Scalability
• Solutions should pay attention

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Will it affect your life?

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Introductory Videos

 Intel IoT -- What Does The Internet of Things Mean?

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3ur8wzzhBU

 Cisco - How the Internet of Things Will Change Everything--Including

Ourselves
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B_hjAfPJeRA

 IBM – Internet of Things

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=df9xAZZ-8zg

 Dr. John Barrett at TEDxCIT – The Internet of Things

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QaTIt1C5R-M

 NEST
• https://nest.com/#meet-the-nest-learning-thermostat
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The Application of IoT

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The Application of IoT

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The Application of IoT

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The Application of IoT

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The Application of IoT

 Scenario: Intelligent Home
• Remote control for smart appliance

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The Application of IoT
 Scenario: Intelligent Home
• Remote control for smart appliance

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The Application of IoT

Scenario: Transportation
 A network of sensors set up throughout a vehicle can interact with its
surroundings to provide valuable feedback on local roads, weather and
traffic conditions to the car driver, enabling adaptive drive systems to
respond accordingly
 This may involve automatic activation of braking systems or speed
control via fuel management systems. Condition and event detection
sensors can activate systems to maintain driver and passenger comfort
and safety through the use of airbags and seatbelt pre-tensioning

 Sensors for fatigue and mood

monitoring based on driving
conditions, driver behaviour and
facial indicators can interact to
ensure safe driving by activating
warning systems or directly
controlling the vehicle 23

The Application of IoT

Scenario: Transportation
 In 2005, 30 – 90 processors per car
• Engine control, Break system, Airbag deployment system Windshield wiper,
Door locks, Entertainment system
 Cars are sensors and actuators in V2V networks
• Active networked safety alerts
• Autonomous navigation
 Future Transportation Systems
• Incorporate both single person and mass transportation vehicles, air and
ground transportations.
Achieve efficiency, safety, stability using real-time control and optimization.

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The Application of IoT

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Digital oilfield application

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IOT Scenario – Ice Cream Cabinets

 The application provides consumer
products companies with detailed
information about the location and
status of its ice cream cabinets.
 This information can be used to find
these cabinets, supply them with new
ice cream in time, and monitor their
temperature in order to avoid ice
cream becoming bad due to a
defective ice cream cabinet.
 The ice cream cabinets become smart
items that monitor their energy
consumption, send alarms, and
become an active part in the
companies operation processes as
well as sustainability efforts.
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IoT Configuration

 2.5 millon ice cream cabinets

• Worldwide distributed
• Biggest growth markets: China and
India
 Sensoring
• Need to refill
 Avoid stock-outs
• Location
 Reliably find and refill
• Temperature / power outage
 Detect failures and avoid
product loss
• Behavioral statistics
 Conclude conversion rate
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IoT Integration into Business Processes

3rd Party Supplier
Roles and processes
 CPG Backend
• Operational BI on supply chain efficiency
• User behavior monitoring and campaign
efficiency
 3rd Party Supplier
• Dispatcher: Improved planning of daily
logistics processes
 Get refill priorities and alarms on Consumer
power outage and temperatures Augmented
• Truck Driver: Guidance and real-time Reality App:
Guide me to
integration into process
the next ice
 Store Owner cream
• Push alarms to store owners for opportunity
immediate actions
 Resolve power outage / close lid to
save energy
 Consumer
• Guidance to next ice cream cabinet
(source of happiness) 29

Business Value
Ice Cream Business is a 60+ billion market

 Highest margin business in food CPG : 10.5%

 Unilever
• 10+ billion in ice cream sales
• Market leader in out-of-home ice cream
business
 30% market share
 2/3 is out-of-home business
• ICC scenario estimated benefit is 45 million
additional profit per year

 Phase 1: Pilot : 500 ICCs in Germany, 50 mobile users

 Phase 2: 10.000 ICCs in Germany, 1.000 users
 Phase 3: Replacing 200.000 ICCs yearly world wide.
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Features of IoT
 Intelligence : Application of knowledge
• Collect data and infer rules (high level info)
• Modelling data
 Scale and Architecture : Hybrid arch.
Event driven-door sensor
Time driven – temperature sensor
 Complex system : Large number of objects
• Interact
• Appear/disappear
• Various capability
 Time consideration – real time event detection
 Space – Location of the objects
• Context detection

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Challenge of IoT
1. Technological Standardization in most areas are still
remain fragmented.
2. Huge amount of Data
3. Managing and fostering rapid innovation is a challenge for
governments
4. Privacy and security
5. Testing of Multi-Discipline Systems
6. Absence of governance

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Internet of things typical topology

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IoT Architecture

Source: IoT-A
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IOT Elements

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