ST.

LOUISSE ACADEMY, INC

COGON, COMPOSTELA, CEBU
TEL. NO. 425-0019

Name: ___Ramses Benedict Suello_____ Cluster: ___Grade 9D___ Date: _September 23, 2020___

MAPEH 9 ASSESSMENT 1.2

I. Describe and give the uses/functions of the different musical instruments listed below. Give at least five
instruments in every category.

CLASSICAL PERIOD-
The Classical orchestra came to consist of strings:

● Violins - The violin is a musical instrument that is a member of the string family. As a part of this instrument
family, the violin relies on its strings to help create a musical sound. Other instruments in this family include the
cello, the viola, and an instrument called the double bass .
● Violas - The viola often plays the "inner voices" in string quartets and symphonic writing, and it is more likely
than the first violin to play accompaniment parts. The viola occasionally plays a major, soloistic role in orchestral
music.
● Violoncellos - The earliest cellos were developed during the 16th century and frequently were made with five
strings. They served mainly to reinforce the bass line in ensembles. Only during the 17th and 18th centuries did
the cello replace the bass viola da gamba as a solo instrument.
● Double basses - The lowest of all string instruments, the double bass (pronounced “base,” not like the fish)
is enormous, bigger around than the average human being. The instrument can play much lower than anyone can
sing, and it provides the foundation for the orchestra's sound.

The other instruments are:

● Two flutes - A flute is a musical instrument that produces sound when a stream of air is directed
against the edge of a hole, causing the air within the body of the instrument to vibrate. Most flutes are
tubular, but some are globular or other shapes.
● Two oboes - the oboe is commonly used as an orchestral or solo instrument in symphony orchestras,
concert bands, and chamber ensembles. The oboe is especially used in classical music, chamber music,
film music, some genres of folk music, and is occasionally heard in jazz, rock, pop, and popular music.
● Two clarinets -the clarinet takes on both solo roles and the middle register of the woodwind part,
while in music for wind instruments the clarinet assumes a leading role (along with the trumpet). Due to
its warm timbre and all-action playing style, it is also used as a solo instrument in genres such as swing
jazz.
● Two bassoons - The bassoon is a woodwind instrument in the double reed family that plays music
written in the bass and tenor clefs, and occasionally the treble. Appearing in its modern form in the 19th
century, the bassoon figures prominently in orchestral, concert band, and chamber music literature.
● Two or four horns - As stated on the other pages the main function of horns is for competition
whether it be between males for mating rights or between females for foraging rights. Horns are also
used to ward off predators and other unwanted intruders. females also use their horns to help establish
their place in the herd.
● Two trumpets - Although trumpets have been around since 1500 BC, where they were used as a
signaling device in hunting or battle, they have only been used as musical instruments since the 15th
century.
 ● Two timpani - Timpani evolved from military drums to become a staple of the classical
orchestra by the last third of the 18th century. Today, they are used in many types of ensembles,
including concert bands, marching bands, orchestras, and even in some rock bands. Timpani is
an Italian plural, the singular of which is timpano.

ROMANTIC PERIOD -

● larger string section - Musicians play some string instruments by plucking the strings with their fingers or a
plectrum—and others by hitting the strings with a light wooden hammer or by rubbing the strings with a bow. In
some keyboard instruments, such as the harpsichord, the musician presses a key that plucks the string.

● Woodwind - flutes and piccolo, oboes and clarinets, bassoon and double bassoons -
● All woodwinds produce sound by splitting the air blown into them on a sharp edge, such as a reed or a fipple.
Despite the name, a woodwind may be made of any material, not just wood.
● Brass - trumpets, trombones and French horns (tuba added later in the period) -
● It is still commonly used in applications where low friction and corrosion resistance is required, such as locks,
hinges, gears, bearings, ammunition casings, zippers, plumbing, hose couplings, valves, and electrical plugs and
sockets.
● Percussion - full percussion section -
● Percussion is a method of tapping body parts with fingers, hands, or small instruments as part of a physical
examination. It is done to determine: The size, consistency, and borders of body organs. The presence or
absence of fluid in body areas.
● Key - piano -
● The piano allows gradations of volume and tone according to how forcefully or softly a performer presses or
strikes the keys.

MODERN PERIOD -

● Clarinet: From its first inception during the late 1600s to today's clarinet models, this musical instrument has
certainly gone a long way. Due to the many improvements it underwent, various types of clarinets were made
throughout the years.
● Contrabassoon: Also known as double bassoon, this reed instrument that belongs to the wind family of
musical instruments is bigger than the bassoon. That's why it's called "the bassoon's big brother." It is pitched
lower than the bassoon and demands lung-power from a musician.
● Double Bass: Also known as acoustic bass, bass violin, string bass, contrabass, upright bass, stand-up
bass and doghouse bass.
● Trombone: During the 19th century, trombones with valves that did or did not have slides developed.
Trombones come in varying sizes and shapes, the most commonly used today is the B-flat trombone. There is
also a bass trombone that is used to play orchestral music.
● Trumpet: There are different types of trumpets, the most commonly used is the B flat trumpet. There is also
the C, D, E flat and piccolo trumpet (also known as Bach trumpet). There are also trumpet-related instruments
such as the cornet, flugelhorn and bugles.
● Tuba: There are various types of tubas created through the years. In 1835, Johann Gottfried Moritz and
Wilhelm Wieprecht created the bass tuba in F. Tubas that are used in the military or brass bands are the BB-flat
bass and E-flat bass.
● Bass Drum: The bass drum is a percussion instrument and is the lowest and largest member of the drum
family. Bass drums are used in orchestral music as well as marching bands.
● Kettledrum: Also known as timpani or orchestral kettledrums; it belongs to the percussion family. Timpanis
emerged from kettledrums that were used in military and royal parades in India. The use of kettledrums then
spread to Europe and was later adapted by classical composers (i.e. Bach and Handel) for the symphony
orchestra.
● Snare Drum: The snare drum is another percussion instrument mostly used nowadays for pop and modern
orchestral music. Snare drums have a cylindrical shape and can be played either by hand or with the use of
sticks.
● Cymbals: Cymbals are believed to have been used in Egypt and Israel during Ancient times. Cymbals were
also used in Greece to honor Dionysus the god of ecstasy. In Pompeii cymbals of different sizes were discovered.
It would later on be introduced in the orchestral music of Europe.
● Triangle: During the 18th century, triangles were often used in Turkish Janissary music and in orchestras. In
the 19th century, triangles were used because of its unique sound.