Mathematics 10

Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 15
Illustrating the Center-Radius
Form of the Equation of the Circle
 EXPECTATIONS

1. Illustrate the center-radius form of the equation of a circle.

2. Determine the coordinates of a point at the center and the radius of a circle drawn
on a coordinate plane.

PRETEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. What is the center of the circle (x - 5)2 + (x - 6)2 = 16?

A. (5, 6) C. (25, 36)

B. (-5, -6) D. (0, 16)

2. What is the radius of the equation of the circle x2 + y2 = 9?

A. 0 C. 3
B. 1 D. 9
3. Which of the following equations of a circle has the center at the origin?

A. (x + 4)2 + (y – 2)2 = 6 C. x2 + y2 = 16
B. x 2 + (y – 2)2 = 6 D. (x + 4)2 = 8
4. What equation gives the center at (1,4) and the radius is 7?
A. x2 + y2-2x -8y – 32 = 0 C. x2 + y2 +2x -8y – 32 = 0
B. x2 + y2-2x -8y = -32 D. x2 + y2 +3x +8y – 32 = 0
5. What is the radius of the circle

given the figure at the right?

A. -3 C. 0
B. 1 D. 3
 RECAP
Determine the term that must be added to make each of the following a perfect square
trinomial Then express each into a square of a binomial.

1. (x2 + 6x +___) = __________

2. (x2 - 10x + ___) = __________

3. (x2- 14x + ___) = __________

4. (9x2 - 18x + ___) = __________

5. (4x2 + 4x + ___) = __________

What did you add to make the given a perfect square trinomial? How did you change
the perfect square trinomial into a square of a binomial?

LESSON

Illustrating the Central-Radius Form of the Equation of a Circle

The central-radius form of an equation of a circle is also known as the

standard form or the vertex form.

The Standard Form or the Vertex Form of the Equation of a Circle

The standard equation of a circle with center at (h, k) and a radius of r is
(x –h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2. The values of h and k indicate that the circle is translated h
units horizontally and k units vertically from the origin.
If the center of the circle is at origin, the equation of the circle is x2 + y2 = r2. And if
the center is on the plane, the equation of the circle is (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2.
Example 1: What is the equation of a circle with center at (4, 3) and a radius of 2
units?
Standard Form (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
(x – 4)2 + (y – 3)2 = 22 or (x – 4)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4.
Example 2: Illustrate the equation of a circle with center at the origin and a radius
of 7 units.
Standard Form x2 + y2 = 72

x2 + y2 = 49
Example 3: What is the equation of the circle given the graph.
The center is at the origin (0,0) and r = 5

x2 + y2 = 72
x2 + y2 = 52
x2 + y2 = 25

The General Equation of a Circle

The general equation of a circle x2 + y2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0, where D, E, and F
are real numbers. This equation if obtained by expanding the standard equation of
a circle, (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2.
Changing Standard Form to General Form (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
(x2 – 2hx + h2) + (y2 – 2ky + k2) = r2
x2 – 2hx + h2 + y2 – 2ky + k2 = r2
x2 + y2 – 2hx - 2ky + h2 + k2 = r2

x2 + y2 – 2hx - 2ky + h2 + k2 – r2= 0

if D = -2h, E = -2k, and F = h2 + k2 -r2, the equation x2 + y2 – 2hx
- 2ky + h2 + k2 – r2= 0 becomes x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey + F = 0.
Example 1: Write the equation of the circle in the form of x2 + y2 + Dx + Ey +
F = 0 with center C(-2, 1) and a radius of 3 units. Then determine the values of D, E,
F.

Solution
The center of the circle is at (h, k), where h = -2, k = 1 and r = 3.
Standard Form (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2

Substitute the values of h, k and r [x – (-2)]2 + (y – 1)2 = 32

Simplify (x + 2)2 + (y – 1)2 = 32
Expand (x2 + 4x + 4) + (y2 - 2y + 1) = 9
Change to Zero Property x2 + y2 + 4x - 2y + 4 + 1 - 9 = 0

General Form x2 + y2 + 4x - 2y - 4 = 0
Answer: The equation of the circle in the form of x2 + y2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0 is
x2 + y2+ 4x – 2y – 5 = 0 with center C(-2, 1) and radius of 3 units. In the equation, D
= 4, E = -2, and F = -5.

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Directions: Multiple Choice. Read each question carefully and write the letter of the
best answer.

1. Write in the form of (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2, the equation of whose center is at point
(3, 6) and has a radius of 5.
a. (x - 3)2 + (y – 6)2 = 5 c. (x - 6)2 + (y – 3)2 = 5
b. (x - 3) + (y – 6) = 25
2 2 d. (x - 6)2 + (y – 3)2 = 25

2. Write in the form of x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey + F = 0, the equation whose center is at

(1, 7) and has a radius of 4.
a. x2 + y2 -2x -14y +34 = 0 c. x2 + y2 +2x +14y +34 = 0
b. x + y -2x -14y +50 = 0
2 2 d. x2 + y2 -2x -14y -16 = 0

3. Change the equation x2 + y2 +4x -6y -36 = 0 in the form of (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2.
a. (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 7 c. (x - 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 7
b. (x + 2) + (y – 3) = 49
2 2 d. (x - 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 49

For numbers 4 and 5. Use the figure at the right.

4. What is the center in the given circle

on the coordinate plane?
a. (0, 0) c. (0, 2)
b. (2, 0) d. (0, -2)

5. What is the radius in the given circle on

the coordinate plane?
a. -3 c. 0
b. 1 d. 3
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
Direction: Complete the sentence by supplying words that will make the sentence
correct.

1. The coordinates (0, 0) can be found at the _______________.

2. The value of the radius in the equation x2 + y2 = 81 is _______________
3. The radius in the equation x2 + y2 +4x -4y – 28 = 0 is __________.
4. The center in the equation (x + 5)2 + y2 = 36 is _____________.
5. The radius in the equation (x - 5)2 + (y – 1)2 = 9 is ____________.

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Directions: Give the equation of the circle in the form of (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 and
x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey + F = 0 using the following given. Choose the answer from the box.
1. h = 0, k = 0 and r = 8

(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 = ________

x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey + F = 0 = ________

2. h = 2, k = -1 and r = 5

(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 = ________

x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey + F = 0 = ________

3. h = -3, k = -2 and r = 7

(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 = ________

x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey + F = 0 = ________

4. C (-4,0) and r = 3

(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 = ________

x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey + F = 0 = ________

5. C (7,1) and r = 1

(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 = ________

x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey + F = 0 = ________

 POSTTEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.
1. What is the center of the circle (x +2)2 + (y - 7)2 = 10?
A. (2, -7) C. (2, 7)
B. (-2, 7) D. (27, 10)

2. What is the radius of the equation of the circle x2 + y2 = 169?

A. 13 C. 19
B. 16 D. 169

3. Which of the following equations of a circle has the center at the origin?
A. (x + 8)2 + (y +8)2 = 0 C. (x +9)2+ y2 = 8
B. x 2 + y2 = 10 D. x2 = 0

4. What equation gives the center at (-3,6) and the radius is 12?
A. x2 + y2-6x -12– 99 = 0 C. x2 + y2 +6x -12y – 99 = 0
B. x2 + y2-6x -12y = -99 D. x2 + y2 +6x +12y = 0

C. What is the center and radius of the

given figure at the right?
A. Center (1, -1) r = -2
B. Center (1, 1) r = -2
C. Center (-1, -1) r = 2
D. Center (1, -1) r = 2
Mathematics 10
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 16
Determining the Center and
Radius of a Circle Given Its
Equation and Vice Versa
 EXPECTATIONS

1. Determine the center and radius of a circle given its equation.

2. Illustrate the graph of a circle with its center and radius.
3. Determine the equation of a circle given its center and radius.
4. Transform (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2 to the form x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey + F = 0.

PRETEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. What is the radius of the circle (x - 1)2 + (x - 4)2 = 16?

A. 1 C. 6
B. 4 D. 16

2. What is the center of the equation of the circle x2 + y2 = 25?

A. (0, 0) C. (0, 25)
B. b. (1, 1) D. (5, 5)

3. Which of the following equations of a circle has the radius of 2 and center
(6, 8)?
A. (x + 6)2 + (y + 8)2 = 2 C. (x + 6)2 - (y + 8)2 = 4
B. (x – 6)2 + (y – 8)2 = 2 D. (x – 6)2 + (y – 8)2 = 4

4. Change x2 + (y – 3)2 = 36 to x2 + y2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0.
A. x2 + y2 -6y – 27 = 0 C. x2 + y2 -9y – 27 = 0
B. x2 + y2 -6y – 45 = 0 D. x2 + y2 -36 = 0

5. Change x2 + y2 - 2x - 8y -47 = 0 to (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2.

A. (x – 1)2 + (y – 4)2 = 64 C. (x + 8)2 + (y + 2)2 = 47
B. (x – 2)2 + (y – 8)2 = 47 D. (x – 1)2 - (y – 4)2 = 8

RECAP

Direction: Write the following into (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2 form, given the center, radius,
or the graph.

1. Center (8, 8) and radius is 3 = _____________________

2. Center (-3, 0) and radius is 5 = _____________________

3. Center at the origin and radius is 7 = _____________________

4. = ______________________

5. = _______________________

Explain how you transformed the circle into (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2. How about the
graph?

LESSON

Determining the Center and Radius of a Circle Given its Equation and Vice
Versa

To find the center and the radius of a circle given the equation, transform the
given equation in the form (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2. The center of the circle (h, k) or the
center of the circle is at the origin (0, 0) if the equation is x2 + y2 = r2. And once the
center and the radius were found it can be easily graphed on a coordinate plane.

Example 1: Find the center and the radius of the circle x2 + y2 = 25, and then draw
its graph.
Solution:
The equation x2 + y2 = 25 is already in the form x2 + y2 = r2, meaning
the center is at the origin. Let us just find the radius,
Transformed to the form: x2 + y2 = r2
x2 + y2 = 25
x2 + y2 = 52
The center of the circle (h, k) is (0, 0) and its radius is 5 units.

The graph will be;

Example 2: Determine the center and the radius of the circle (x – 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = 16,
and draw its graph.

Solution:
The equation of the circle (x – 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = 16 is already in the form
of (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2. Let us find the center and the radius.

Transformed to the form: (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2

(x – 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = 16
(x – 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = 42

The center of the circle is (1, 3) and its radius is 4 units.

The graph will be;

Example 3: What is the center and the radius of the circle x2 + y2 – 6x – 10y + 18 =
0? Show the graph.
Solution:
The equation of the circle x2 + y2 + 6x – 4y – 3 = 0 is written in x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey
+ F = 0. To determine its center and radius, write the equation in the form (x – h)2 +
(y – k)2 = r2.
x2 + y2 + 6x – 4y – 3 = 0
x2 + 6x + y2 – 4y = 3
9 + (y2 – 4y + ____)4 = 3 + 9 + 4
(x2 + 6x + ____)
(x + 3) + (y – 2)2 = 16
2

Transformed to the form: (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2

(x + 3)2 + (y – 2)2 = 16
(x + 3)2 + (y – 2)2 = 42
The center of the circle is (-3, 2) and its radius is 4 units.
The graph will be
Example 4: What is the (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 form whose given center is at (3, 7) and
radius is 6 units?
Solution:
h = 3, k = 7 and r = 6
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
Substitute (h, k) and r (x – 3)2 + (y – 7)2 = 62.
(x – 3)2 + (y – 7)2 = 36.

Example 5: What is the x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey + F = 0 form whose given center is at (-2, 0)
and radius is 10 units?
Solution:
h = -2, k = 0 and r = 10
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
Substitute (h, k) and r (x + 2)2 + y 2 = 102.
(x + 2)2 + y2 = 100.
Expand x2 + 4x + 4 + y2 = 100
Simplify x2 + 4x + 4 + y2 – 100 = 100 – 100
x + y +Dx +Ey + F = 0
2 2 x2 + 4x + y2 – 96 = 0

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Directions: Determine the center and radius of the circle of each of the following
equations. Choose the correct answer inside the box then write the letter only.

1. x2 + y2 = 9 = _____

2. (x – 2)2 + (y – 2)2 = 4 = _____

3. (x – 7)2 + y2 = 25 = _____

4. x2 + y2 - 4x - 2y – 11 = 0 = _____

5. x2 + y2 – 6x – 2y – 39 = 0 = _____
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
Directions: Identify the center and radius of the circle defined by:

1. x2 + y2 = 1 (h, k) __________ radius __________

2. (x – 3)2 + (y + 4)2 = 121 (h, k) __________ radius __________

3. x2 + (y – 7)2 = 169 (h, k) __________ radius __________

4. x2 + y2 -6x + 8y + 9 = 0 (h, k) __________ radius __________
5. x2 + y2 -14y – 72= 0 (h, k) __________ radius __________

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Directions: Determine the center and the radius of each circle with the given
equation. Graph each circle.

1. x2 + y2 = 1 4. x2 + y2 -6x + 8y + 9 = 0

2. (x – 3)2 + (y + 4)2 = 121 5. x2 + y2 -14y – 72= 0

3. x2 + (y – 7)2 = 169
 POSTTEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.
1. What is the radius of the circle (x - 4)2 + (y - 4)2 = 625?
A. 625 B. 62 C. 25 D. 15
2. What is the center of the equation of the circle x2 + y2 = 8?
A. (0, 8) B. (8, 0) C. (2, 2) D. (0, 0)
3. Which equation of a circle has the given r = 3 and center (-2, 4)?
A. (x + 2)2 + (y - 4)2 = 9 C. (x + 2)2 - (y +4)2 = 3
B. (x – 2)2 + (y + 4)2 = 9 D. (x – 2)2 + (y – 4)2 = 3
4. Change (x + 9)2 + y2 = 169 to x2 + y2 +Dx +Ey + F = 0.
A. x2 + y2 +18y – 88 = 0 C. x2 + y2 -9y + 250 = 0
B. x2 + y2 +18x – 88 = 0 D. x2 + y2 -13 = 0
5. Change x2 + y2 - 8x - 8y +16 = 0 to (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2.
A. (x – 4)2 + (y – 4)2 = 16 C. (x + 8)2 + (y + 8)2 = 4
B. (x – 8)2 + (y – 8)2 = 16 D. (x + 4)2 - (y + 4)2 = 16
Mathematics 10
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 17
Graphing a Circle and Other
Geometric Figures on a
Coordinate Plane
 EXPECTATIONS

1. Determine the center and radius of a circle.

2. Graph a circle and other geometric figures on a coordinate plane.

PRETEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. Give the radius in the given graph.?

A. -4 C. 2
B. -2 D. 4

2. What is the center of the circle in

the graph in question no 1?
A. (0, 0) C. (-1, -1)
B. (1, 0) D. (-1, 0)
3. Which graph represents the equation of the circle x2 + y2 = 1?

A. B. C. D.

4. Which of following is the equation

of a circle of the graph?
A. (x + 1)2 + y2 = 1 C. (x – 1)2 + (y – 1)2 = 9
B. x 2 + (y – 3)2 = 12 D. (x + 7)2 = 9

5. Find the coordinates of the fourth vertex of rhombus M ( -2, 1), A (2, 2), T (1, -2)
and H (x, y)?
A. (0, 0) C. (3, 3)
B. (-3, -3) D. (3, -3)
 RECAP
Directions: Determine the center and radius of each of the following equations. Write
Yes if the given equation shows the graph is in the center and write No if otherwise.

_________ 1. (x − 7)2 + (y − 3)2 = 16 Center = _________ r = _____

_________ 2. x2 + 12 = - y2 + 48 Center= __________ r = _____

_________ 3. x2 + y2 – 16 = 0 Center = __________ r = _____

_________ 4. (x − 4)2 + y2 = 144 Center = __________ r = _____

_________ 5. x2 + y2 = 121 Center = __________ r = _____

How did you find the center and radius of the given equation? How do you know if
the center of the equation is in the origin?

LESSON

Graphing a Circle and Other Geometric Figures on the Cartesian Plane

To graph a circle on a coordinate plane make sure that the equation of the
circle is in standard form, the form x2 + y2 = r2 where the center is at the origin and
the radius (r) and (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 where the center is at (h, k) and radius (r)
were already given. But if the equation is in general form, transform it to standard
form.

The following steps can be used to graph a circle on the coordinate plane.
1. Locate the center of the circle from the equation; x2 + y2 = r2, the center
is at the origin (0, 0) and (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 the center is at (h, k).
2. Calculate the radius by solving the value of r in the equation.
3. Place the radius point on the coordinate plane.
4. Connect the dots to the graph of the circle with a round, smooth curve.

Example 1: Graph the equation of a circle x2 + y2 = 25 on a coordinate plane.

Center: (0, 0)

Radius: r2 = 25
r=5
Example 2: Graph the equation of a circle (x – 3)2 + (y + 3)2 = 9 on a coordinate
plane.
Center: (3, -3)
Radius: r2 = 9

r=3

Example 3: Graph the equation of a circle x2 + y2 + 10x – 2y + 10 = 0 on a

coordinate plane.
Standard form: (x + 5)2 + (y - 1)2 = 16

Center: (-5, 1)
Radius: r2 = 16
r=4

Graph Other Geometric Figures on the Cartesian Plane

To graph a geometric figure on a coordinate plane, plot all the points and
connect the vertices consecutively by a line segment to form a figure.
Example 1: A(-3, 10), B(0, 6), C(-1, 2), D (-5, 2) and E(-6, 6)
 ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Directions: Match the graph to its equation. Write the letter of the correct
answer inside the box.

1. x2 + y2 = 4 * * a.

2. (x – 2)2 + y2 = 16 * * b.

3. (x – 1)2 + (y – 1)2 = 9 * * c.

4. x2 + y2 - 2x - 2y – 2 = 0 * * d.

5. x2 + y2 + 4y – 5 = 0 * * e.
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
Direction: Give the center and radius of each of the following graphs.

1. Center = ________ 2. Center = ________ 3. Center = ________

Radius = ________ Radius = ________ Radius = _________

4. Center = ________ 5. Center = ________

Radius = ________ Radius = ________

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Directions: Plot and connect each point on the coordinate plane to form a figure.
Then write the figure that is formed. Be specific with your answer.

1. S(-6, -1), O(-6, 5), A(6, -1) and P(6, 5) = _________________________

2. M(6, 5), A(-7, 5), S(-10, 2) and K(3, 2) = _________________________

3. F(-5, 0), R(-3, 5), O(3, 5), N(5, 0) and T(0, 4) = _________________________
4. D(0. 7), O(0, 0) and H(5, 0) = _________________________
5. L(0, 4), I(6, 4), N(6, -2) and E(0, -2) = ________________________
 POSTTEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. Give the radius in the given graph.?

A. 2 C. 4
B. 3 D. 8
2. What is the center of the circle in
the graph in question number 1?
A. (-2, -2) C. (-2, 0)
B. (0, -2) D. (0, 0)
3. Which graph represents the equation of the circle x2 + y2 = 4?

A. B. C. D.

4. Which of following is the equation of a circle of the graph?

A. (x - 4)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4 C. x 2 + (y – 3)2 = 12
B. x2 + y2 = 25 D. (x + 7)2 = 9
5. What will be the fourth coordinates to make the given L( -5,7), O(2, 6), V(5, -3)
and E (x, y) a kite figure?
A. (-4, 1) C. (-4, 1)
B. (-4, 0) D. (-4, -4)
Mathematics 10
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 18
Solving Problems Involving
Geometric Figures on a
Coordinate Plane
 EXPECTATIONS

1. Locate points on the coordinate plane.

2. Solve word problem applying the distance formula and midpoint formula.
3. Solve word problems involving geometric figures on the coordinate plane.

PRETEST

Directions: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. The vertices of FOR are F (1, 2), O (4, -2) and R (1, -2). Find its perimeter.
A. 5 B. 7 C. 12 D. 25
2. If the two points C ( -4, -5) and M (2, 14) are endpoints of a diameter, what are
the coordinates of the center of the circle?
A. (2, 11/2) C. (-1, 9/2)

B. (11/2, 2) D. (2, 11)

3. A triangle has vertices J (0, 7), A (4, 6) and M (3, 1). What is the length of the
shortest side?
A. 4.12 C. 2.23
B. 2.5 D. 1
4. A map is drawn on the grid where 1 unit is equivalent to 2km. On the same map,
the coordinates of Jenny’s house are (1, 4). Suppose her school is 20 km away from
her house, which of the following could be the coordinates of the school?

A. (-9, 6) C. (8, 2)
B. (9, 10) D. (-8, 10)
5. A lighthouse standing at the grid with the coordinates of ( -3, 6). Its light can
emit at the length of 12 km. What is the equation of the circle that defines the
boundary of the lighthouse?
A. (x - 3)2 + (y + 6)2 = 12 C. (x + 3)2 + (y – 6)2 = 12
B. (x - 3)2 + (y – 6)2 = 144 D. (x + 3)2 + (y – 6)2 = 144
 RECAP

I. Find the distance and the coordinates of the midpoint of each segment.

1. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝐴 d= _____ M = _____

2. ̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐻 d= _____ M = _____

̅
3. 𝐼𝑆 d= _____ M = _____

4. ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝑁 d= _____ M = _____

II. Give the equation of the circle given the following conditions.

1. Center (6, 5) r = 5 = _____________________

2. Center at the origin r = 4 = _____________________

3. Center (-4, 0) r = 9 = _____________________

4. Center (0, 1) r = 11 = _____________________

How did you find the distance and midpoint between two points? How did you find
the equation of the circle given the center and radius?

LESSON

Solving Problems Involving Geometric Figures on the Coordinate Plane

To solve problems involving geometric figures on the coordinate plane, analyze

first what should be done. Plot the points and connect the vertices if necessary.
Determine the equation that can be used to answer the questions pertaining to the
problem.
Example 1. A food delivery driver
installed a GPS in his mobile phone
indicates that the call he received from a
customer ordering a pizza is located at
point (18, 14). In the GPS, each unit on
the grid is equivalent to 2 km. If the store
is located at (2, 6), how far has he
travelled?
 Use distance formula
𝑑 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2

= √(18 − 2)2 + (14 − 6)2

= √(16)2 + (8)2

= √256 + 64

= √320
d = 17.89 units
The distance from the store to the customers house is 17.89 units. Multiply 17.89
by 2 km the answer is 35.78 km, the distance that the Grab driver will travel is 35.78
km.

Example 2. The coordinates of the

endpoints of ̅̅̅̅
GR are (-1, -2) and (7, 8),
respectively. What are the coordinates
of its midpoint P?

Use the Midpoint formula;

𝑥1 + 𝑥2 𝑦1 + 𝑦2
𝑀=( , )
2 2

−1 + 7 −2 + 8
𝑃=( , )
2 2

6 6
𝑃=( , )
2 2

𝑃 = (3, 3)
The coordinates of the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅
GR are (3, 3).

Example 3. The Smartee cell phone tower is designed to service a 10 km radius. The
tower is located at (-3, 5) on a coordinate plane. a. What is the standard equation of
the outer boundary region served by the tower? b. If Marge’s house is located at point
(2, 1) will she still have a signal?
a. What is the standard equation of the outer boundary region serviced by the tower?

Use equation of the circle.

(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2

(x + 3)2 + (y – 5)2 = 102

(x + 3)2 + (y – 5)2 = 100
b. If Marge’s house is located at point (2, 1) will she still have a signal?
Use distance formula
𝑑 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2

= √(−3 − 2)2 + (5 − 1)2

= √(−5)2 + (4)2

= √25 + 16

= √41
d = 6. 40
The distance from the house to the tower is 6.40 km which is less than the
radius, therefore there will be a signal in Marge’s house.

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Directions: Read carefully and solve each of the following problems. Put a box on
your answer.

1. Two of the vertices of a rectangle are (2, -5) and (-7, -5) and it has a perimeter of
26 units.
1a. What are the coordinates of its other two vertices?

a. (2, 1) b. (2, 1) c. (-7,1) d. (-7, -1)

1b. At what coordinates can we divide the rectangle into two equal parts?

a. (5/2, -1) b. (-5/2, -1) c. (-5/2, -5) d. (5/2, -5)

2. The school canteen was built midway between two school buildings. On a school
map on a coordinate plane the coordinates of the buildings are (1, 3) and (17, 11)
respectively.
2a. What are the coordinates of the school canteen on the school map?

a. ( -7, -9) b. (-7, 9) c. (-9, 7) d. (9, 7)

2b. If each unit of the coordinate plane is 0.5 km, what is the distance between
the two buildings?

a. 8.09km b. 0.89km c. 0.89km d. 0.089km

2c. Is the location of the school canteen appropriate for the two buildings?

a. No b. Yes c. Maybe d. Not sure

ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!

Directions: Read and analyze carefully each situation. Then answer the questions
that follow.

1. The Organization of Teachers with A Heart plans a relief operation for the people
in poor areas of Pasig City. They pack canned goods, noodles, 3-in-1 coffee and rice
in an Eco bag to be given to every family in three barangays that they have chosen.
On the grid of the City, the coordinates of the location and radius of each barangay
are as follows: Barangay A is at (12, -3) with a radius of 10 units, Barangay B is at
(3, 6) with the radius of 9 units and Barangay C at (-5, -3) with the radius of 12 units.

A. Give the distance and midpoint of the following barangays.

1. Barangay A to Barangay B d = __________ M = __________

2. Barangay B to Barangay C d = __________ M = __________

3. Barangay A to Barangay C d = __________ M = __________

For letters B – D, put a check in your answer.

B. Which is the equation in the form of (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2 for Barangay A?

C. Which is the equation in the form of (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2 for Barangay B?

D. Which is the equation in the form of (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2 for Barangay C?

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Directions: Read and analyze each situation carefully. Then answer the questions
that follow. Put a box in your answer.

1. Mayor Moreno issued a 24-hour lockdown in one of the barangays in Manila. A

24-hour lockdown will be implemented within the 10 km radius. All residents of
barangay are ordered to stay at home. A penalty will be given to those residents who
will caught outside their home with no valid reason. On the map that is drawn on a
coordinate plane, the coordinates of the checkpoint of the barangay are (3, 4).

1a. What will be the equation in the form of (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2, of the
boundary of the barangay?

a. (x - 3)2 + (y - 4)2 = 100 c. (x + 3)2 + (y + 4)2 = 100

b. (x - 3)2 + (y - 4)2 = 10 d. (x + 3)2 + (y + 4)2 = 10

1b. If your house is located at (-2, 1), how far are you from the location of the
checkpoint?

a. 0.83 b. 5.83 c. 8.53 d. 3.53

1c. What will be the coordinates of the midpoint from your house to the
location of the checkpoint?

a. (1/2, -8) b. (1, 5) c. (5/2, 1/2) d. (1/2, 5/2)

1d. During lockdown, what would be the precautionary measure that you
should do to be safe?

a. Talk to your neighbors only.

b. Wash your hands once a day.

c. Stay at home as much as possible.

d. Go to your friend’s house to chat.

 POSTTEST
Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. The vertices of MODE are M (0, 0), O (0, 8), D (12, 8) and E (12, 0). Find its
perimeter.
A. 40 C. 12

B. 20 D. 8
2. If the two points J (7, 2) and M (3, -8) are endpoints of a diameter, what are the
coordinates of the center of the circle?

A. (5, 3) C. (10, -6)

B. (5, -3) D. (5, -5)
3. A triangle has vertices J (0, 7), O (4, 6) and Y (3, 1). What is the length of the
longest side?

A. 6.71 C. 8.14
B. 14. 2 D. 2.65
4. A tracking device attached to a stolen car shows its location on the map in the
coordinates (1, -4). In the tracking device each unit is equivalent to 2 km. How far
are the policeman from the stolen car if he is located at point whose coordinates are
(4, 0)?
A. 2 km C. 10 km

B. 5 km D. 15 km
5. DZDEPED Radio can transmit a signal up to a distance of 5 km. If the radio station
is located at a point whose coordinates are (2, -5). What is the equation of the circle
that defines the boundary of the radio station signal?
A. (x + 2)2 + (y -5)2 = 5 C. (x -2)2 + (y + 5)2 = 5
B. (x + 2)2 + (y – 5)2 = 25 D. (x - 2)2 + (y + 5)2 = 25