INDONESIA – USA TRADE AND INVESTMENT RELATIONS

2016 – 2020

TRADE BALANCE INDONESIA - UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

2016 - 2020
Trend Jan - Jan Change
DESCRIPTION 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 (%) (%)
16-20 2020 2021 21/20
23,439,852,90
TOTAL TRADE 25,916,152,400 28,615,987,400 27,106,253,400 27,200,691,300 3 2,266,383,200 2,349,760,700 4
0
OIL & GAS 548,347,200 1,082,783,800 1,840,275,000 1,198,350,100 1,091,374,500 16 28,685,800 94,198,900 228

NON OIL & GAS 22,891,505,700 24,833,368,600 26,775,712,400 25,907,903,400 26,109,316,700 3 2,237,697,500 2,255,561,900 1
16,141,412,20
EXPORT TO USA 17,794,523,100 18,439,760,700 17,844,610,900 18,620,498,600 3 1,632,333,800 1,674,355,900 3
0
OIL & GAS 456,452,300 660,104,000 772,065,600 38,544,100 110,600 -86 50,400 15,000 -70

NON OIL & GAS 15,684,959,800 17,134,419,100 17,667,695,100 17,806,066,700 18,620,388,000 4 1,632,283,400 1,674,340,900 3

IMPORT FROM USA 7,298,440,700 8,121,629,300 10,176,226,700 9,261,642,600 8,580,192,700 5 634,049,500 675,404,900 7

OIL & GAS 91,894,900 422,679,900 1,068,209,400 1,159,805,900 1,091,263,900 81 28,635,400 94,183,900 229

NON OIL & GAS 7,206,545,800 7,698,949,500 9,108,017,300 8,101,836,600 7,488,928,800 1 605,414,100 581,221,000 -4

TRADE BALANCE 8,842,971,400 9,672,893,700 8,263,534,000 8,582,968,300 10,040,305,900 1 998,284,300 998,951,000 0

OIL & GAS 364,557,400 237,424,100 -296,143,800 -1,121,261,800 -1,091,153,400 0 -28,585,000 -94,168,900 -229

NON OIL & GAS 8,478,414,000 9,435,469,600 8,559,677,800 9,704,230,100 11,131,459,200 6 1,026,869,300 1,093,119,900 6

Source: Indonesian Ministry of Trade

Indonesia and USA has maintained a strong trade partnership for the last five years. This is reflected in the USA’s position as Indonesia’s top five
trading partner in the world. In 2016 and 2017, USA ranked 2 nd place, then in 2018 and 2019, USA ranked in the 3 rd and 4th place respectively.
Based on the data from Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia, the balance trade between both countries has experienced several ups and
downs in favor of surplus value from Indonesia. The highest trade balance in the last five years was recorded in 2020 at approximately USD 10
billion, while the lowest trade balance was noted at USD 8.2 billion in 2018. From years to years, Indonesia’s most exported products to USA
including apparels, rubber, footwear, electrical machinery, fish and crustaceans, and many more. Meanwhile, Indonesia’s most imported
products from USA consisting mostly of machinery, oil seeds and oleaginous fruits, cotton, electrical machinery, and pulp of wood.
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 TOP 10 EXPORT – IMPORT PRODUCT
INDONESIA – UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
2016 – 2019
TOP 10 EXPORT PRODUCTS TO TOP 10 IMPORT PRODUCTS
USA IN 2016 FROM USA IN 2016
12%
14%
12%18%
27%
28% 11%
35%36% 10% 12%

4% 13%
10%
4% 10% 7%
3%
4% 4% 3% 8%6%
3% 6%
4% 4%7% 7% 8%5%6%
3% 4%8%
6% 4% 4%4%
7%
4%
4% 4% 4%
Articles of apparel, not knitted Articles of apparel, knitted
Oil seeds
Articles and oleaginous
Rubber
of apparel, fruits Machinery
not knitted FishResidues and waste Cotton
and crustaceans
Machinery Oil seedsArticles of apparel,
and oleaginous knitted
fruits Rubber
Residues and waste
Footwear Animal or vegetable fats Cereals
Mineral machinery
Footwear
Electrical fuels, Cotton Pulp of wood 
Electrical machineryElectrical machinery
Fish and crustaceans
Cereals
Electrical machinery Mineral fuels
Animal
Pulp or spacecraft
vegetable fatsPlastics Furniture
of Furniture
wood 
Aircraft, Plastics Machinery
Other Misc. Machinery
chemical products
Optical Other
Mineral fuels Other Other

TOP 10 EXPORT PRODUCTS TO TOP 10 IMPORT PRODUCTS

USA IN 2017 FROM USA IN 2017

Source: UN Comtrade
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 TOP 10 EXPORT – IMPORT PRODUCT
INDONESIA – UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
2016 - 2019
TOP 10 EXPORT PRODUCTS TO TOP 10 IMPORT PRODUCTS
USA12%
IN 2018 FROM USA IN 2018
12%
31%
35% 11%
12% 13%12%
29%
10%
9% 32% 13%
3% 12%
4%
3% 8%6%
4%
4%
4%4%5% 7%6% 3% 9%
4% 5% 3% 11%
3%
Articles of apparel, not knitted Articles of apparel, knitted 4%5% 8%
6%
Machinery
Rubber Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits
Footwear Mineral fuels 4%6% 6% 5%
7%
4% 5%
Cotton
Fish and crustaceansResidues and waste Animal or vegetable
Pulpfats
of wood 
Electrical
Aircraft, machinery Electrical machinery
spacecraft Mineral fuels Plastics Articles
Mineral fuels of apparel, not knitted
Machinery Articles of apparel,
Oil seeds knitted fruits
and oleaginous
Furniture Machinery Rubber Footwear
Optical
Other Other Residues
Fish and
and waste Pulp of wood 
crustaceans Cotton machinery
Electrical
Furniture
Plastics  Electrical machinery Animal
Cerealsor vegetable fats
Preparations of meat Machinery
Optical
Other Other
TOP 10 IMPORT PRODUCTS
FROM USA IN 2019

TOP 10 EXPORT PRODUCTS TO

USA IN 2019

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 Top 10 Potential Export Acceleration
INDONESIA – USA

Top 10 Potential Export Acceleration from Indonesia to the United States (in million US$)
N HS Actual
Product Description Export Potential Untapped Potential Tariffs Applied to Indonesia
o Code Export
1 8703XX Motor vehicles for the transport of persons 904.6 0.284 904.4 2.50%
2 6403XX Footwear, rubber/plastic soles & leather uppers 711.7 473.9 237.8 6.20%
3 151190 Palm oil (excl crude) & fractions 691.3 559.1 132.2 0%
4 4412 Plywood, veneered panel & similar 467.9 286 181.9 0.13%
5 800110 Unwrought tin, not alloyed 412.6 120.1 292.5 0%
6 940360 Wooden furniture 348.4 305.1 43.3 0%
7 84XXXc Other office machines 346.9 315.4 31.5 0%
8 711319 Jewellery, of precious metal 338.5 216.2 122.3 0%
9 151329 Palm kernel & babassu oil (excl crude) & fractions 324.3 239.8 84.5 0%
10 8708XX Parts & accessories of motor vehicles 252.5 75.9 176.5 0.06%

Top 10 Potential Export Acceleration from the United States to Indonesia (in million US$)
N HS Actual
Product Description Export Potential Untapped Potential Tariffs Applied to USA
o Code Export
1 230400 Oilcake of soya-bean oil 760.5 34.6 725.9 2.50%
2 520100 Cotton, not carded/combed 670.9 474.1 196.8 0%
3 1001Xb Wheat (excl durum) & meslin 594.8 253.7 341.2 1.50%
4 470321 Chemical wood pulp, soda/sulphate 295.1 138.2 156.9 0%
5 230330 Brewing or distilling dregs & waste 289.7 144.3 145.4 5%
6 470200 Chemical wood pulp, dissolving grades 246.9 153.6 93.3 0%
7 8708XX Parts & accessories of motor vehicles 230.4 27.9 202.5 10%
8 283620 Disodium carbonate 228.8 154.3 74.5 0%
9 100590 Maize (excl seed for sowing) 142.3 26 116.2 5%
10 230310 Residues of starch manufacture & similar residues 34.4 98.3 36.1 2.50%

Based on the ITC calculation, there are several products that can be accelerated between both countries. As from Indonesia to USA, the products
include motor vehicles with untapped potential at USD 904.4 million, footwear at USD 237.8 million, palm oil at USD 132.2 million, etc.
Meanwhile, USA also has some export potential in Indonesia, such as Oilcake of soya-bean oil with untapped value at USD 725 million, cotton at
USD 196 million, wheat at USD 341.2 million, and many more. Since Indonesia has retained its status as a beneficiary of the United States’
Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), this is a good signal for both countries to strengthen its bilateral relation.

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 Investment Realization United States of America
2016 -2020
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
  Value Value Value Value
Project Project Project Project Value
(US$. (US$. (US$. Projects (US$.
s s s s (US$. Thousand)
Thousand) Thousand) Thousand) Thousand)
Food Crops, Plantation, and Livestock 2 1,100 4 7,000 6 2,985 14 0 10 0
Fishery             1 0 16 788
Primary Sector
Mining 27 1,065,638 20 1,744,049 22 964,521 23 771,629 50 515,155
Total Primary Sector 29 1,066,738 24 1,751,049 28 967,507 38 771,629 76 515,943
Food Industry 24 14,017 19 12,768 11 859 22 8,551 48 28,916
Textile Industry 13 3,095 22 14,757 13 8,369 23 57 58 1,119
Leather Goods & Footwear Industry         1 0 1 0 3 0
Wood Industry     1 0 1 0 1 0 3 13
Paper and Printing Industry 6 320 6 332 5 1,420 8 27 10 5,285
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry 40 15,700 36 7,978 38 11,615 43 16,031 64 45,070
Secondary Rubber and Plastic Industry 8 2,579 3 2,890 1 455 9 573 14 1,749
Sector Non Metallic Mineral Industry 3 0 4 59 2 6 3 7,423 5 109
Metal Industry not Machinery & Electronic Industry 6 1,605 7 0 5 0 8 1,236 9 0
Medical Preci. & Optical Instru, Watches & Clock,
27 10,449 23 13,421 13 2,169 23 805 29 4,857
Machinery, and Electronic Industry
Motor Vehicles & Other Transport Equip. Industry 10 13,320 7 9,765 5 84 5 560 12 784
Other Industry 22 1,000 15 24,545 21 1,387 19 59 40 436
Total Secondary Sector 159 62,084 143 86,515 116 26,365 165 35,322 295 88,337
Electricity, Gas & Water Supply 6 1,090 5 79,237 6 112,590 5 107,670 7 1,644
Construction 10 419 12 0 7 1,486 7 2,036 24 0
Trade & Repair 139 8,646 191 19,072 139 25,165 182 9,185 346 16,424
Tertiary Sector Hotel & Restaurant 54 10,833 57 21,907 127 54,818 184 9,826 284 5,615
Transport, Storage & Communication 10 2,043 12 15,172 3 108 3 493 12 3,235
Real Estate, Ind. Estate & Business Activities 23 297 19 3,357 16 11,756 33 15,980 61 7,466
Other Services 110 9,788 162 16,534 130 17,830 171 37,173 366 111,068
Total Tertiary Sectors 352 33,117 458 155,280 428 223,752 585 182,362 1,100 145,451
Total Investment United States of America 540 1,161,939 625 1,992,844 572 1,217,624 788 989,313 1,471 749,731
Source: Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board

USA has been an important partner of Indonesia for a long time. From the investment side, USA always placed in top 10 investment partner for the last five years.
Investment from USA to Indonesia were fluctuating, both by investment value and projects. The highest investment was in 2017 with total value USD 1.9 billion in

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625 projects. Meanwhile, the lowest investment was in 2020 with only USD 749 million despite highest project numbers invested of 1,471 in the last five years. The
US investment is typically focused on mining and food industry. The trend of USA’s mining investment in Indonesia in the last five years recorded at 81%.

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