DIFFERENTIATION RULES (THEOREM 1-7)

ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS
1. DERIVATIVE OF CONSTANT FUNCTION
𝑓 𝑥 =𝑐 Where 𝑐 is a constant
𝒅
𝒄 =𝟎
𝒅𝒙
1. DERIVATIVE OF CONSTANT FUNCTION
𝑓 𝑥 =𝑐 Where 𝑐 is a constant 𝑦
𝒚=𝒄
𝒅 𝑐
𝒄 =𝟎
𝒅𝒙 𝑂
𝑥

Since the graph if 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑐 is always at 𝑦 = 𝑐, its slope is always zero ∎

Examples:
1) 𝑓 𝑥 = 3 𝑓′ 𝑥 = 0
2) 𝑦 = 2 𝑦′ = 0
1 𝑑
3) 𝑧 = − 4 𝑧=0
𝑑𝑥
2. DERIVATIVE OF IDENTITY FUNCTION
𝑓 𝑥 =𝑥 𝑦
𝒚=𝒙
𝒅
𝒙 =𝟏 𝑂
𝒅𝒙 𝑥

Since ℎ is arbitrary, it’s always equal to 1, also the slope of the graph of 𝑓 𝑥 = 1 ∎
Examples:
1) 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑓′ 𝑥 = 1
𝑑
2) 𝑔 = 𝑦 𝑔=1
𝑑𝑦
3. CONSTANT MULTIPLE RULE
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑥 Where 𝑐 is a constant
𝒅 𝒅
𝒄𝒙 = 𝒄 𝒙 =𝒄
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

Examples:
𝑑
1) 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 𝑓′ 𝑥 = 2 (𝑥) = 2(1) = 𝟐
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 1 𝑑 1 𝟏
2) 𝑦 = 2 𝑦′ = (𝑥) = (1) =
2 𝑑𝑥 2 𝟐
4. SUM/DIFFERENCE RULE
If 𝑢 and 𝑣 are functions of 𝑥, then
𝒅 𝒅 𝒅
𝒖±𝒗 = 𝒖 ± 𝒗
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙

𝑥
Example: If 𝑢 = 2𝑥 and 𝑣 = 2
𝑑 𝑥 𝑑 𝑑 𝑥 𝑑 1 𝑑 1 𝟓
Then 2𝑥 + 2 = 2𝑥 + =2 𝑥 + 𝑥 =2+ =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2 𝟐
5. PRODUCT RULE
𝒅 𝒅𝒗 𝒅𝒖
𝒖∙𝒗 =𝒖∙ + 𝒗∙
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
5. PRODUCT RULE
𝒅 𝒅𝒗 𝒅𝒖
𝒖∙𝒗 =𝒖∙ + 𝒗∙
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
Examples:
𝟏. 𝑓 𝑥 = 5𝑥 2 ⇒ 5𝑥 ∙ 𝑥 𝟐. 𝑓 𝑥 = (2𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 1)
𝑓 ′ 𝑥 = 5𝑥 ∙ 1 + 𝑥 ∙ 5 𝑓 ′ 𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 3 1 + (𝑥 + 1)(2)

= 5𝑥 + 5𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 3 + 2𝑥 + 2
= 𝟏𝟎𝒙 = 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓
6. QUOTIENT RULE
𝒅𝒖 𝒅𝒗
𝒅 𝒖 𝒗∙ − 𝒖∙
= 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
𝒅𝒙 𝒗 𝒗𝟐
6. QUOTIENT RULE
𝒅𝒖 𝒅𝒗
𝒅 𝒖 𝒗∙ − 𝒖∙
= 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
𝒅𝒙 𝒗 𝒗𝟐
Examples:
𝑑 𝑑
𝑑 5 3𝑥 5 −5 3𝑥 3𝑥 0 − 5 3 −𝟓
𝟏. = 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = = 𝟐
𝑑𝑥 3𝑥 3𝑥 2 9𝑥 2 𝟑𝒙
𝑑 𝑑
𝑑 2𝑥 + 3 𝑥+1 2𝑥 + 3 − 2𝑥 + 3 𝑥+1
𝟐. = 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 + 1 𝑥+1 2
𝑥 + 1 2 − 2𝑥 + 3 (1) 2𝑥 + 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 −𝟏
= = = 𝟐
2
𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 1 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏
7. POWER RULE
𝒅 𝒏
𝒙 = 𝒏𝒙𝒏−𝟏
𝒅𝒙
7. POWER RULE
𝒅 𝒏
𝒙 = 𝒏𝒙𝒏−𝟏
𝒅𝒙
Examples:
𝑑 5
𝟏. 𝑥 = 5𝑥 5−1 = 𝟓𝒙𝟒
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
𝟐. 3𝑥 2 = 3 2𝑥 2−1 = 𝟔𝒙
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 5 𝑑 −3 𝟏𝟓
𝟑. = 5𝑥 = 5 −3𝑥 −3−1 = −15𝑥 −4
=− 𝟒
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 𝒙