Mariano Marcos State University: College of Business, Economics, and Accountancy

MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Business, Economics, and Accountancy
THC 50 – Philippine Tourism, Geography & Culture
REGION 1
This written report was submitted by:
Agcaoili, Zyrill Mae
Caldito, Dyesebel
Corpuz, Carolina Adriana
Dahilig, Ivy Elaine
Tabilos, Xiomaralyn
Group 1
This written report was submitted to:
Princess Pearly D. Ignacio
Professor
NOVEMBER 09, 2021
#16S Quiling Sur, City of Batac, Ilocos Norte

 cbea@mmsu.edu.ph  (077) 670-3736 www.mmsu.edu.ph
A. FAST FACTS
Region 1
 Located in northwestern Luzon
 Contains four provinces
 Its economy is anchored both agriculture and agro-industrial sectors
 Historical homeland of Ilocanos
B. BRIEF HISTORY
 Spanish Period
 What happened in 1901
 During the 1945
 The Presidents hailed from the Region
C. HOW TO GET THERE
 By Air
 By Sea
 By Land

D. GEOGRAPHY
a) PHYSIOGRAPHY
 Found in the northwestern part of Luzon in the Philippines, located
east of the Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) and north of
Central Luzon
 The region contains four provinces namely – Pangasinan, La Union,
Ilocos Sur, and Ilocos Norte
 Its regional center is San Fernando City in La Union
Total Land Area 1,297,409 ha.

Provinces 4
Cities 9
Municipalities 116
Barangays 3,265
Total Population 4,748,372
Dialect Ilocano, Pangasinense, English, Tagalog and Bolinao
b) CLIMATE
 Two pronounced seasons: dry and rainy
 Dry Season – From November to April
 Rainy Season – From May to October
 Cooler temperature occurs during December until February

 Hottest temperature occurs during April and May
c) FLORA AND FAUNA
 Among the vegetables that can be found in Ilocos Region and are
rapidly vanishing are the following: Balinsoek, red cowpea, cayenne
pepper, kundol, kapas-kapas, sugod-sugod, himbabao and wild
sponge gourd.
 Among fruit and forest trees, the following are also considered
vanishing: dalayap, caburao, darukis, custard apple or anonang,
mansanitas, antipolo, balayang, pomegranate, bignay, Carissa, zapote
Negro and pannalayapen or aping.
 Ornamental plants such as the marigold, calachuchi, rosal and
sampaguita can lso be found in Ilocos Region however, vanishing.
 Ilocos Region is well-known for its tobacco industry.
 On the other hand, Ilocos Region has the common farms animals such
as goats and carabao. House pets include dogs and birds, field rats
and frogs are also prominent.
 A rare and vulnerable bird species was found in the Northern town in
Ilocos Norte called the spotted imperial pigeon or the ducula

carola which can attract international and local bird watchers to the
province.
E. CULTURE
ILOCOS NORTE
a) PEOPLE
 Iloco or Ilokanos
 Ilokano language, Isnag language of the east and Faire Atta language in
Qurimao
b) FESTIVALS
 TAN-OK NI ILOCANO: FESTIVAL OF FESTIVALS
 tan-ok means “great” in English
 “The Greatness of the Ilocano”
 A way for Ilocanos to take pride in their history, traditions, faith,
livelihood, and culture.
 PAMULINAWEN FESTIVAL
 came from the name of a woman made popular in the popular Ilocano
folk song Pamulinawen. The festival is celebrated in the city
of Laoag, Ilocos Norte to promote camaraderie and sportsmanship.
FESTIVALS OF ILOCOS NORTE
Adams - Ginginubatan Festival Marcos - Pinakbet Festival

Bacarra - Bac-bacarra Festival Nueva Era - Tadek Festival
Badoc - La Virhen Milagroa Festival Pagudpud - Kangayedan Festival

Bangui - Amian Festival Paoay - Guling-guling Festival
Banna - Panagabuos Festival Pasuquin - Panagsana Festival
Batac City - Empanada Pinili - Bawang Festival
Burgos - Saniata Festival Piddig - Basi Festival
Carasi - Magdadaran Talip Festival San Nicolas - Damili Festival
Currimao - Dinaklisan Festival Sarrat - Binakol Festival
Dingras - Ani Festival Solsona - Gameng Festival
Dumalneg - Panagwawagi festival Vintar - Siwawer Festival
Laoag City - Pamulinawen Festival
c) CUISINE/DELICACIES
1. PINAKBET - dish originated in the province of Ilocos Norte. It is known as
“shrunk” or “shriveled” in english. Pinakbet is made from mixed
vegetables (bitter gourd, long beans, eggplant, squash and tomato sauce).
2. BAGNET - locally also known as “chicharon” in Ilocano, is a Filipino dish
consisting of pork belly boiled and deep fried until it is crispy.
3. EMPANADA - a popular pastry filled with either sweet or savory fillings.
The Ilocos empanada founded in the City of Batac, Ilocos Norte. Batac
empanada has an orange hue from the atsuete coloring and uses
longganisa, it is a signature food of Ilocos Norte.
4. LONGGANISA - is a native sausage in Ilocos Norte with plenty of garlic and
spices in the mixture. This longganisa is distinct from other native
longganisa version because it is small and plump with meat.

5. DUDOL - Is a traditional dessert you will find in Ilocos. Dudol is made of
rice flour, coconut milk, sugarcane juice and anise. The secret to make a
good dudol is to patiently and continously stir the ingridients under a
slow fire.
6. TUPIG - a delicacy from Ilocos region. It is made from ground glutinous
rice and combined with buco strips, coconut milk, sugar and sesame
seeds. it is wrapped in banana leaves and cooked over live charcoal grill.
7. PALITAW - is a term used to call a sweet flat rice that is eaten by the
Ilocano. Palitaw is a snack or dessert. Originally grounded or pounded
sticky rice to make a rice cake.
8. SUMAN - is always mistaken for patupat. These sumans are very easy to
make and requires very simple ingredients that anyone can easily cook.
This suman does not require sugar.
d) ARTS AND CRAFTS
 Agriculture
 rice, root crops, garlic, tobacco, leggumes, vegetables, fruits
 Fisheries
 tilapia and assorted fishes.
 Livestock
 swine and catle

 Cottage Industries
 loom weaving, furniture, ceramics, iron works.
 Manufacturing and processing
 salt, bagoong, patis, basi, vinegar, longganisa
e) BELIEFS AND TRADITIONS
 Bain is the ilocano trait for hiya or amor propio (sense of shame)
 It is essential to show panagdayaw (respect for the sensitivities of
others).
 Wedding tradition
 Death Tradtion
ILOCOS SUR
a) PEOPLE
 Ilokano or Iloco
 Ilocano language
b) FESTIVALS

 Kannawidan Ylocos Festival - is the commemoration of the foundation of
the province of Ilocos Sur. It is a celebration that lasts from the last week
of January and ends on the first week of February
 Viva Vigan Binatbatan Festival
 Pinakbet Festival
 Longaniza Festival
 Sinait Garlic Festival
 Tabako Festival
c) CUISINE/DELICACIES
1. EMPANADA - Is a Filipino street food from Vigan, Ilocos Sur prepared
with an orange rice flour dough filled with green papaya, Vigan longaniza
and egg deep fried to make the outer layer crisp with a slightly chewy
inside
2. KALAMAY - (brown sugar, coconut milk and glutinous rice treat) from
Candon City, Ilocos Sur. It is sold wrapped in banana leaves or in coconut
shells, though modern packaging uses polystyrene containers wrapped in
cellophane.

3. CORNICK - Cornick or Crunchy Corn is a dried corn. Ilocanos sell a lot of
these products. It comes with different flavors such as cheese, barbeque
and garlic.
4. POQUI POQUI - It’s made with grilled eggplants mixed with onions, garlic,
and tomatoes finished with one whole beaten egg. The end product will
resemble a slightly soupy scrambled egg best matched with a steaming
cup of rice.
d) ARTS AND CRAFTS
 Abel or Inabel
- is a fabric customarily made of cotton fiber turned into spools of
beeswax-brushed yarn & woven in a handloom.
 Burnay Pottery
- is an ancient art form & in Ilocos this tradition of molding unglazed
earthen jars is called “burnay”. It was originally used to age
vinegar, wine & “bagoong” or fish paste
 Courtship - perform serenading, known to them as tapat (literally, "to be
in front of" the home of the courted woman), which is similar to the
harana and also to the balagtasan of the Tagalogs.

 Atang - An offering of indigenous Ilocano delicacies set on altar as
offering to the departed one. The same delicacies will be served to those
who gathered together in the prayers for his repose.
 Dung-áw - A spontaneous chant eulogizing the departed loved one lying
in state by a member of the family or a neighbor close to the family.
PANGASINAN
a) PEOPLE
 Pangasinense
 Calling Pangasinans Pangalatok is derogatory.
 Bolinao, Ilocano, Tagalog
 Pangasinan (55%) Ilocano (44%) Bolinao (1%)
b) FESTIVALS
 Bangus Festival - celebrated annually in Dagupan City in Pangasinan
c) CUISINES/DELICACIES
1. Pigar-pigar - is thin beef slices sauteed in onions and cabbage. It is a popular
pulutan in Dagupan City, Pangasinan

2. Lechon bagoong - is a fish sauce twist to the grilled whole pig delicacy that all
Filipinos are familiar with.
3. Puto Calasiao - is a steamed rice cake and it is a famous Kakanin in
Pangasinan. It’s usually white but flavors such as pandan, ube, and
strawberry have been added to this traditional Filipino kakanin.
4. Mangaldan Tapa - offers tender beef that is seasoned perfectly. It’s not too
salty or sweet but is the perfect balance of the two tastes.
d) ARTS AND CRAFTS
 Bamboo and Rattan crafts
 Walis tambo
 The religion of the people of Pangasinan is predominantly Christianity with
Roman Catholicism as the overwhelming majority at 80% affiliation in the
population.
 Pangasinans, like Catholics worldwide, honor their dead on All Saints Day,
November 1, and All Souls Day, November 2. Dressed in traditional burial
clothes and carrying lighted candles, Pangasinan cantore, or singers, stop at

neighbor's homes where they receive sweetened rice cakes as rewards for
their singing.
LA UNION
a) PEOPLE
 They are being called the Ilokanos or Ilocano.
b) FESTIVALS
 Tabacco Festival
 Baggak Festival
 Pinadangan Festival
 Sillag Festival
c) CUISINES/DELICACIES
1. Halo-halo de iloko
2. Kilawen
3. Naguilian basi
4. Sabong fried chicken
5. Filipino inspired Flavored ice cream

d) ARTS AND CRAFTS
 Blankets
 Bamboo crafts
 Basi-making
 Saranay exists
F. TOP TOURIST ATTRACTIONS
ILOCOS NORTE
 PAOAY CHURCH - Also known as the St. Augustine Church, the Paoay Church
was started to be constructed in 1694 by the Augustinian friars but it was
only completed in 1894. In 1993, Paoay Church Ilocos Norte was inscribed as
a UNESCO World Heritage Site as one of the best examples of the Baroque
Churches of the Philippines. The historical church is famous for its distinct
architecture highlighted by the enormous buttresses.
 PATAPAT VIUDUCT - The Patapat Viaduct is an elevated road — over 30
meters above sea level. This is a 1.3 km long coastal bridge Connecting the

Maharlika Highway in Laoag to the Cagayan Valley and also the fourth longest
bridge in the country. What makes this bridge a tourist attraction is its one-
of-a-kind view. It’s flanked on the other side of the West Philippine Sea,
making it a perfect spot for taking photos.
 PAGUDPUD BEACH - Pagudpud is famous for its white-sand beaches and
other beautiful natural wonders. Famous Pagudpud beaches are the Saud
Beach, Blue Lagoon, Pasaleng Beach, and Dos Hermanos Island. Each beach
has its unique features to get the attentions of tourists aside from fun water
activities.
 KAPURPURAWAN ROCK FORMATIONS - The Kapurpurawan rock formation is
located on the rocky coast of Burgos, Ilocos Norte. It is known for its creamy
white and streamlined limestone formations, which have been sculpted by
different oceanic and weather forces.
 BANGUI WINDMILLS - The combination of Bangui Bay’s aesthetic beauty and
its first-of-a-kind status has driven tourism development in the area, with the
dual benefit of raising awareness for renewable energy in the country. It is a
row of windmills dotted along a majestic shoreline facing the West Philippine
Sea.
 CAPE BOJEADOR LIGHTHOUSE - Also known as Burgos Lighthouse because it
is located in the town of Burgos, the Cape Bojeador Lighthouse is a cultural

heritage structure in Ilocos Norte. It stands on top of Vigia de Nagparitan Hill,
overlooking Cape Bojeador.
 BADOC ISLAND - The concealed treasure of Ilocos Norte composed of
powdery white sand and some crushed corals along the shore. This tropical
place provides total relaxation and tranquility.
 LAPAZ SAND DUNES - La Paz Sand Dunes is a unique attraction in the city of
Laoag for being a sandy coastal desert. There are exciting activities that can
be done here like trekking for an hour to traverse the entire stretch of the
beach, drive a rugged 4-wheel vehicle and the latest craze is the sand
boarding where one can use a board to slide down the dunes.
 MALACANANG OF THE NORTH - “Malacanang ti Amianan” as
the Ilocanos call it, is a classic bahay na bato. It is reminiscent of Spanish
colonial architecture of the 19th century. Beautifully, the house sits on a
verdant 5-hectare property overlooking the placid Paoay Lake. Built of the
finest materials; bricks, stone as well as hardwood from Ilocos Norte truly
make it a darling abode.
ILOCOS SUR

 CALLE CRISOLOGO - One of the most popular tourist spots in Ilocos Sur, Calle
Crisologo looks like it was taken out of a movie scene, with its ancestral homes and
cobblestone streets that perfectly capture the Spanish colonial period. Walk through
the historic street or take a leisurely ride on a kalesa or horse-drawn carriage, Calle
Crisologo is a must-visit for any tourist going to Vigan.
 SYQUIA MANSION MUSEUM - The Syquia Mansion is a wonderful example of bahay
na bato architecture prevalent during the later Spanish Colonial Era. The typical
structure consisted of a ground floor made of stone or brick and mortar with the
upper floors of wood. It displays the architecture and significant family heirlooms
and artifacts as testimony to the affluence of the family during the Spanish colonial
era in the 19th century Philippines.
 SANTA MARIA CHURCH - It is an attraction to tourists and Catholics in Ilocos Sur. It is
a reminder of the four centuries of Spanish domination of that area and a unique
structure with a diversified architectural design of bricks and mortar.
 BANTAY BELL TOWER - The Bantay Bell Tower gives tourists a glimpse of Ilocos Sur’s
colorful history, as the tower has stood firmly on top of the hill since 1591. Not only
is the tower an architectural marvel, it’s also a lasting symbol of how the area has
remained steadfast in the face of various threats.

 PLAZA SALCEDO - At Plaza Salcedo (Dancing Fountain), observe colored jets of water
and shooting laser lights moving to the sounds of pop music. The Korean-designed
fountain dominates the square, nestled between important buildings, such as the
town’s cathedral and the city hall. When night falls, the fountain becomes a
gathering place for tourists, lovers, and families with children.
 VIGAN CATHEDRAL - Part and parcel of the UNESCO World Heritage stamp that
encompasses the whole city, Vigan’s St. Paul Metropolitan Cathedral stands as one
of the town’s most prominent landmark. Unlike its counterparts in the Ilocos Region,
the cathedral is made of adobe rather than coral stones. They do share something in
common though when it comes to the mortar used to glue the materials together,
egg whites and molasses.
 BALUARTE RESORT AND MINI ZOO - Baluarte Resort and Mini Zoo is a must-visit
spot in the province due to the exciting activities that people of all ages will surely
enjoy. This hundred-hectare zoological park and resort complex is owned by the
former Ilocos governor Luis “Chavit” Singson. Animals like ostrich, spotted deer, and
donkeys roam freely in an open area where visitors can interact with them closely.
There are also cages housing other animals like camels, zebras, and reptiles.

LA UNION
 SAN JUAN BEACH - San Juan La Union Beach is a popular beach destination because
of the resorts and restaurants fit for the ‘gram and surfing. The waves are so strong
that surfers would go all the miles for.
 MA-CHO TEMPLE - The very first Taoist temple in the country and one of the biggest
temples outside of China. The interiors are filled with Chinese ancient ornaments
and has a spider type dome ceiling designed with circular pattern. It has also a
medication room with grand staircase and red kneelers. Ma Cho’s image is
embellished with traditional Chinese head dress and richly colored robe.
 TANGADAN FALLS - Situated in the town of San Gabriel, Tangadan Falls is one of at
least ten waterfalls in the town. It is a two-tier cascade along Baroro River with cold
water emanating from the hinterland of the province adjacent to the Cordillera
Mountain Range.
 BAHAY NA BATO - The house that was constructed along the coast of La Union. It is
entirely made from pebbles and stones that were found along the sidewalks and the
beaches of the city’s municipality. Aside from the painted pebbles, the wooden
sculptures and the stone foundation that was made by Bong Kim, it also has interiors
and an underground that is the secret hideaway of the Noble’s.

 THUNDERBIRDS RESORT - Thunderbirds Resort-Hotel, is a five-star hotel-resort
facing the South China Sea in Northern Luzon, Philippines. It is owned by an
international property developer, anchored by casino and providing hospitality
services in Asia and Latin America.
 LUNA PEBBLE BEACH - Pebble Beach covers most of the coastal areas of Luna. It’s a
scenic sight, a quick respite from the usual white beach setting. The beach is all
covered in pebbles of different sizes and colors.
 LA UNION GRAPE FARM - Bauang has a ton of grape farm options lined up one right
after another. Some have certain activities on the vineyards, while others have no
entrance fees. Apart from grapes, most of the vineyards have wine, juices, jams, and
other La Union goods that you can bring back to your loved ones as pasalubong.
PANGASINAN
 HUNDRED ISLANDS - Hundred Islands National Park in Alaminos Pangasinan has
more than 100 islands,124 to be exact during low tide and 123 during high tide.
Tourists dip at the beautiful beaches and see amazing nature spots. It’s home to
places that are perfect for recreational activities from swimming and trekking to
sightseeing.
 DEATH POOL - Originally called Depth Pool, locals coined the term “Death Pool"
because it suited the site's thrilling effect. The Death Pool is a natural pool located on

the far-right side of the beach. It is more of a thrilling and fun experience rather than
a dangerous one.
 ENCHANTED CAVE - The name itself portrays about its mystical beauty. It is one of its
kind caves that hold emerald green and fresh pool of water within its womb. Its
depth is estimated to be around 3 ft to 6 ft. It also houses a trail of hundreds of
corals that more look like rocks.
 BOLINAO FALLS - Bolinao Falls features not just one, not two, but three beautiful
waterfalls that caters to all types of travelers. Each falls has different views and
features, and you can choose to explore just one or visit all three.
 COLIBRA ISLANDS - Colibra Island sometimes called Culebra or Snake Island because
of the abundance of sea snakes before particularly in the rock formations. The
southern coast is covered with rocks and uplifted corals while the rest is surrounded
with cream sand.
 TAYUG SUNFLOWER ECO PARK - It is not just for sunflowers but an entire garden of
different ornamental plants. There is a bunch of different landscapes in this farm
filled with colorful flowers which gives a relaxing view.
 MINOR BASILICA OF OUR LADY OF THE ROSARY OF MANAOAG - The minor basilica
of the Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary of Manaoag is a Spanish-Romanesque
infrastructure with a touch of German and Italian Renaissance architecture. The
church features a huge dome in front of the altar and the image of the Blessed Virgin
that looks as if it is floating.

 ST. VINCENT FERRER STATUE - The St. Vincent Ferrer Statue is a colossal bamboo
statue in the town of Bayambang in Pangasinan, Philippines. It is dedicated to the
town's Catholic patron saint, Vincent Ferrer (1350–1419), and is recognized by the
Guinness World Records as the tallest bamboo sculpture in the world.
 PATAR BEACH - Patar Beach is one of the most beautiful places to visit in
Pangasinan. It is a very long stretch of fine and creamy golden sand beach with
crystal clear waters. Fascinating rock formations can be sighted on the far end of the
beach.


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MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Business, Economics, and Accountancy

THC 50 – Philippine Tourism, Geography & Culture

This written report was submitted by:

Agcaoili, Zyrill Mae

Corpuz, Carolina Adriana

Dahilig, Ivy Elaine

This written report was submitted to:

Princess Pearly D. Ignacio

NOVEMBER 09, 2021

#16S Quiling Sur, City of Batac, Ilocos Norte

 Located in northwestern Luzon

 Contains four provinces

 Its economy is anchored both agriculture and agro-industrial sectors

 Historical homeland of Ilocanos

 What happened in 1901

 During the 1945

 The Presidents hailed from the Region

C. HOW TO GET THERE

#16S Quiling Sur, City of Batac, Ilocos Norte

 Found in the northwestern part of Luzon in the Philippines, located

east of the Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) and north of

 The region contains four provinces namely – Pangasinan, La Union,

Ilocos Sur, and Ilocos Norte

 Its regional center is San Fernando City in La Union

Total Land Area 1,297,409 ha.

 Two pronounced seasons: dry and rainy

 Dry Season – From November to April

 Rainy Season – From May to October

 Cooler temperature occurs during December until February

#16S Quiling Sur, City of Batac, Ilocos Norte

 Hottest temperature occurs during April and May

c) FLORA AND FAUNA

rapidly vanishing are the following: Balinsoek, red cowpea, cayenne

pepper, kundol, kapas-kapas, sugod-sugod, himbabao and wild

vanishing: dalayap, caburao, darukis, custard apple or anonang,

mansanitas, antipolo, balayang, pomegranate, bignay, Carissa, zapote

Negro and pannalayapen or aping.

 Ornamental plants such as the marigold, calachuchi, rosal and

sampaguita can lso be found in Ilocos Region however, vanishing.

 Ilocos Region is well-known for its tobacco industry.

and frogs are also prominent.

Ilocos Norte called the spotted imperial pigeon or the ducula

#16S Quiling Sur, City of Batac, Ilocos Norte

carola which can attract international and local bird watchers to the

 TAN-OK NI ILOCANO: FESTIVAL OF FESTIVALS

 tan-ok means “great” in English

 “The Greatness of the Ilocano”

 A way for Ilocanos to take pride in their history, traditions, faith,

livelihood, and culture.

 came from the name of a woman made popular in the popular Ilocano

folk song Pamulinawen. The festival is celebrated in the city

of Laoag, Ilocos Norte to promote camaraderie and sportsmanship.

FESTIVALS OF ILOCOS NORTE

Adams - Ginginubatan Festival Marcos - Pinakbet Festival

Badoc - La Virhen Milagroa Festival Pagudpud - Kangayedan Festival

1. PINAKBET - dish originated in the province of Ilocos Norte. It is known as

“shrunk” or “shriveled” in english. Pinakbet is made from mixed

2. BAGNET - locally also known as “chicharon” in Ilocano, is a Filipino dish

consisting of pork belly boiled and deep fried until it is crispy.

3. EMPANADA - a popular pastry filled with either sweet or savory fillings.

longganisa, it is a signature food of Ilocos Norte.