Modern Bridge Technology

Krityanand Thakur
2nd May, 2012
 Over View
Talk about
Modern Innovative Technology developed & used
 Planning Stage
 Detailed Investigation & Design
 Construction Stage and
 Modern Bridges
 Planning Stage
• Use of Topo sheet • Use of Satelite Images
• use of 3-D Maps Produce more clear &
Produced very rough & accurate
less accurate o View of Project Area
o View of Project Area o Topography
o Topography o Width of the Channel
o Width of the channel o Geology
o Geology o Settlement &
o Settlement o Many more Informations
 Investigation
• Very limited equipment • Modern equipment
• Very rough information • Correct Information
• Cumbersome & Slow • Easier & Faster
 Design & Drawing
• Use of Elastic theories
• Less informative Material
Science
• Hand calculation
• Unable to solve cubic equation
/ more than 2 unkown
variables
• Low degree of precision
• Less reliable & correct
• Hand drawing
• Cumbersome & Slow
• Low level of confidence
• Work under water –
difficult/dangerous
Invention of Computer
• Advanced Material Science
• Nonlinear solution possible
• Use of Finite element method
• Use of Software
• High degree of precision
• More reliable & correct
• Computer Aided Drawing
• Very correct & Fast
• High level of confidence
• Work under water possible
 Construction Stage
• Less knowledge of • Advance Material
materials Science
• Manual Operation • Use of equipment
• No equipment • Pile/ pneumatic Well
• Open/ Well foundation • Pre stressed concrete
• Risky & very slow • Precast Column & deck
• Costlier • Less risky & very fast
• Low level of Quality • High Level of Quality
Assurance Assurance
 Modern Bridge Technology
Modern
 Relative World
– changes with
new innovative Ideas & Technology
 Development of Bridge Technology
• Wooden bridge
• Stone/Brick masonry Arch bridge
• RCC / Steel bridge
• Composite Bridge

• Limitation – length of span

Necessity is the Mother of Invention
• Necessity of higher span length bridge
brought
-New Innovative Ideas
-encouraged for research
-in design & construction technology
Resulted in Invention of Modern Bridges
 Modern Bridges
• Long Span Bridges ( span length > 25m)
-PSC bridges
-RCC Arch bridges
-Steel Truss bridges
-Composite bridges
-Segmental bridges
-Suspension bridges
-Cable Stayed bridges
 Arch Bridge
• The arch
– springs from the foundation
– exerts horizontal thrust on the foundations
– Its elements acts primarily in compression
– Deck may be supported either on struts or on arch
• Tied or bow string arch is suitable to the soft soil
of river banks where ground can not take
withstand large amount of horizontal thrust from
the aching action
Wanxian Yangize River Bridges
Main Span length -420m, China
550 m span, RCC Lupu Bridge over Huangpu
river, Shanghai, China
Lupu Bridge over Huangpu River
550m main span, Shanghai, China
 Bayonne Bridge
504m long Steel Arch, Kill Van Kull, New Jersey,
NewYork
Segmental Bridges
Segmental Bridge
Segmental Bridge
Segmental Bridge
 Segmental Bridges
• Economical & Durable aesthetically pleasing
• Span by span construction or balanced
cantilever construction
• Post tensioned
• Mostly precast
• Suited for gradual & sharply curved alignment
• Span lenth 35 m
A key aspect of this design are
placement of the support column that
holds the bridge up.

The segments are strung up into two

parts, one on each side of the column.

The spans are joined in the center in

place with very short segments
 Suspension Bridge
• Suitable as a large span bridge
• Provides aesthetically elegant look
• Deck is supported by vertical tension hangers
• Hangers get the support from large tension cable
• Stiffening girders
– distributes the load prom the vehicle
– Provides stiffness against bending , twisting & oscillation
 Suspension Bridge
Thomas Telford’s Suspension Bridge, acoss
Menai Straits
Suspension Bridge
Bheri Bridge 120m, Surkhet, Nepal
Trishuli River Bridge at Mugnling
Aanbukhaireni Bridge
Steel Truss Bridge
 Longest Suspension Bridge
• Longest Suspension Bridge in the World
– Akashi Kaikyo Bridge, Japan, 1998
– Length of main span: 1990m,
– Height of Pylons 300m
– Stiffening girder 14m deep truss
 Future of Suspension Bridge
• 3300m main span length bridge over the
Straits of Messina in Italy
Cable Stayed Bridges
Karnali Bridge
 Cable Stayed Bridge
Erasmus Bridge Rotterdam, Netherlands
284m main span, 1996
 Kap Shui Mun Bridge, Hongkong
430m Main Span, 1997
Carries a dual 3-lane expressway on the top deck & 2-track rail
line & emergency access lanes on the lower deck
 Cable Stays Bridges
• Principle
– Recent adaption of Suspension Bridges
– Deck is supported by the tension stays sloping
from one or more towers
– Towers act in compression
– Deck girders sustain compression & tension both
– Structurally, an example of efficient use of
materials, Concrete in compression and Steel stays
in tension
 Cable Stays Bridge

• Fill the gap between long span Arch/Truss and

Small Suspension Bridge
• Economical Span length from 200m to 850m
• Aesthetically low profile decks, striking towers
and raking cables are effective and dramatic
• Produce a landmark structure
• Tartara Bridge in Japan if the longest bridge
(890m main span) constructed in 1998.
Weathering Steel
Use of Weathering Steel
Use of Weathering Steel
Weathering Steel
Use of Weathering Steel
THE END
Failures
THANKS !