Literature Survey

Base Paper

Cyber-Attack Detection and Cyber-Security Enhancement in Smart DC-Micro grid Based on Block chain
Technology and Hilbert Huang Transform (IEEE 2021)

Cyber security and cyber attack detection has become very important with development of smart homes,
network communication, etc. In this concept, Hilbert-Huang transform method is used  for the detection of false data
injection attacks in a microgrid system. Blockchain based technology is used along with the method for enhancing the
security in the microgrids. In this method, a combination of blockchain technique and a signal processing method is used
to secure data in microgrids.  Simulations are done for testing and verifying the efficacy of the method. The stimulation
results show us that the suggested model can provide a more precise and accurate detection mechanism against FDIA.

Reference Papers

Localized Protection of Radial DC Microgrids with High Penetration of Constant Power Loads (IEEE 2021)

In this concept, a localized protection scheme for DC microgrids is proposed. This scheme under the effect
ofconstant power loads are used to determine the location of faults accurately. This scheme was primarily designed for
fault location of CPLs in DC Microgrids. A fault resistance measurement procedure is used to design a system that locates
both low and high impedance faults. This can provide better protection schemes. An offline digital time-domain
simulation using Digsilent PowerFactory software is done. This is for evaluating the effectiveness of the strategy. This can
also be experimentally verified by implementing on a laboratory scale hardware setup. The obtained simulation and
experimental test results prove that the proposed scheme can efficiently and reliably estimate the location of faults as
well as its resistance with high accuracy and minimal error. The only drawback is that it is slow and cannot be applied in
all DC microgrids.

A Blockchain-Based Energy Trading Platform for Smart Homes in a Microgrid (IEEE 2018)

It has become impossible to forge data in the transactions generated by blockchains. These transactions can be
processed and viewed by crypto home miners. Home miners are people who mine blockchain from their smart homes.
By viewing these transactions, these miners will know all the information about energy. This information can be used to
create a energy trade platform in microgrids. Ethereum smart contract is an example of one such trading platform that
ensures secure energy trading automatically. The disadvantage is that its high energy consumption and they can also be
cracked to get information.
False Data Injection Attack Detection based on Hilbert-Huang Transform in AC SIs (IEEE 2020)

Smart Island system can be vulnerable to False Data Injection Attack (FDIA). These attacks are usually on some
equipment like sensors and controllers, which can create error in the system. So it is important to look at the effects of
cyber-attack and as well as taking preventive protection measures against these attacks. In this concept, non-stationary
signal processing approach of Hilbert–Huang Transform (HHT) is performed for the FDIA detection in several case
studies. MATLAB software is used for trying out simulations. The simulation results confirm the efficiency of HHT
approach. It is found that the HHT approach is completely efficient and reliable for FDIA detection target in smart island
systems.

Cyber Attack Detection Based on Wavelet Singular Entropy in AC SIs (IEEE 2021)

Normal attack detection methods may not detect all cyber attacks and so in this concept, we are discussing
about a new method to detect any type of false data entry in the system. This is done with the help for signal processing
technique. This method is applied in different cases to detect cyber attacks with various types of false data injection.
These cases are observed to for check whether these attacks are being detected or not. The simulation results confirm
the high-performance capability of the proposed FDIA detection method. This detection method’s significant
characteristic is its ability in fast detection and it is also more accurate.

Detecting False Data Injection Attacks in Smart Grids (IEEE 2020)

There are unobservable false data injection attacks that can bypass current detection methods. This puts the
system operations at high risk. To reduce this risk, this concept proposes a data driven learning based algorithm for
detecting unobservable FDIAs in the systems. For this we use autoencoders which will successfully detects irregularities
in FDIAs by capturing the difference between abnormal and secure measurements. To confirm the accuracy and
efficiency of this method, simulations are done in 3 phase IEEE 13-bus and 123-bus distribution systems. The simulation
result proves that this method is very accurate and efficient in detecting attacks.