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11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy

A runaway railroad car, with mass 30 × 104 kg, coasts across a level track at 2.0 m/s when it collides with
a spring-loaded bumper at the end of the track. If the spring constant of the bumper is 4.0 × 106 N/m,
what is the maximum compression of the spring during the collision? (Assume the collision is elastic.)

Select one:

a.

1.07 m

b.

0.77 m

c.

0.34 m

d.

0.55 m

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A solid sphere, a solid cylinder, and a hoop each have the same mass and radius. If they are spinning at
the same angular velocity, which one has the greatest angular momentum?

Select one:

a.

the sphere

b.

They all have the same angular momentum.

c.

the cylinder

d.

the hoop

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A blimp is filled with 400 m3 of helium. How big a payload can the balloon lift? (The density of air is 1.29
kg/m3; the density of helium is 0.18 kg/m3.)

Select one:

a.

588 kg

b.

360 kg

c.

516 kg

d.

444 kg

e.

72 kg

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A 0.0020-kg lead bullet is traveling at a speed of 240 m/s when it embeds in a block of ice at 0°C. If all
the heat generated goes into melting ice, what quantity of ice is melted? (Lf = 80 kcal/kg, the specific
heat of lead = 0.03 kcal/kg⋅°C, and 1 kcal = 4 186 J)
Select one:

a.

2.8 × 10−3 kg

b.

1.0 × 10−2 kg

c.

3.4 × 10−4 kg

d.

1.7 × 10−4 kg

e.

1.1 × 10−5 kg

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11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy

When an object is moving in simple harmonic motion, which of the following is at a minimum when the
displacement from equilibrium is zero?

Select one:

a.

the total mechanical energy

b.

the magnitude of the acceleration

c.

the magnitude of the velocity

d.

the kinetic energy

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Which state of matter is associated with the very highest of temperatures?

Select one:

a.

solid
b.

liquid

c.

gas

d.

plasma

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11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy

The oxygen molecule (O2) may be regarded as two masses connected by a spring. In vibrational motion,
each oxygen atom alternately approaches, then moves away from the center of mass of the system. If
each oxygen atom of mass m = 2.67 × 10−26 kg has a vibrational energy of 6.4 × 10−21 J and the
effective spring constant is 50 N/m, then what is the amplitude of oscillation of each oxygen atom?

Select one:

a.

3.2 × 10−11 m
b.

8.0 × 10−12 m

c.

1.1 × 10−11 m

d.

1.6 × 10−11 m

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11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy

A mass-spring system on a horizontal frictionless surface is set in simple harmonic motion with
amplitude A. The mass is then doubled and the system is again set into simple harmonic motion with the
same amplitude. Which of the following is true about the total mechanical energy of the system due to
doubling the mass?

Select one:

a.

It has not changed.

b.
It has halved.

c.

It has quadrupled.

d.

It has doubled.

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A turntable has a moment of inertia of 3.00 × 10−2 kg·m2 and spins freely on a frictionless bearing at
25.0 rev/min. A 0.600-kg ball of putty is dropped vertically on the turntable and sticks at a point 0.100 m
from the center. By what factor does the angular momentum of the system change after the putty is
dropped onto the turntable?

Select one:

a.

1.22

b.

1.20

c.

1.00 (no change)

d.

0.820

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A pipe carrying water has a radius of 1.0 cm. If the flow velocity is 9.0 cm/s, which of the following
characterizes the flow? Take the viscosity of water to be 1.0 × 10−3 N⋅s/m.

Select one:

a.

streamlined

b.

turbulent

c.

stagnant