B.

RESEARCH CONCEPTS

RESEARCH CONCEPTS

Definitions of Research

• Systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation of hypothetical propositions.

(Kerlinger, 1972).

• Apurposive, systematic and scientific process of gathering, analyzing,

classifying,organizing,presenting and interpreting data.(Calderon and Gonzales, 1993).

• Process of gathering data or information to solve a particular or specific problem. (Halpin, 1996)

• Collection of data in a rigorously controlled situation for the purpose of prediction or

explanation (Quinton, 2006)

RESEARCH CONCEPTS

Characteristics of Research

• Empirical

• Logical

• Cyclical

• Analytical

• Critical

• Methodical

• Replicability

RESEARCH CONCEPTS

Types of Research (Amante, Atienza, Mendoza, 2008)

According to purpose:

• Predictive or prognostic Research- It determines the future operation the variables.

• Directive Research- What should be done based on findings to remedy a certain.

RESEARCH CONCEPTS

According to goal:

• Basic or pure Research- Development of theories and principles.

• Applied research- Testing the efficacy of theories and principles.

According the level of investigation

• Exploratory Research- Discovery and when generating a theory.

• Descriptive Research- Prevailing conditions, processes cause and effect relationships.

• Experimental Research- Effects of the variables.

RESEARCH CONCEPT

According to choose of answers to problems:

• Evaluation Research- Possible action are identified and used as bases in making decisions.

• Developmental Research- The focus is on finding of developing more suitable system or

process.

According to statistical content:

• Quantitative- Use of statistical or inferential statistics to determine the results of the study.

• Qualitative-Data are analyzed rationally not statistically.

RESEARCH CONCEPTS

 According to Time Element (Major Research Methods) (Zulueta & Cotales, 2003)

• Historical Research- Whole truth of past events.

• Descriptive Research-Present condition and understand the nature, characteristics,

components, and aspects of a phenomenon.

• Experimental Research- It seeks to answer questions about cause-and-effect relationship.