With that, academic performance depends on academic interaction and academic

interaction depends on study habits and home environment. It means academic performance can

be estimated for any student by its home environment and learning skills and also by its

academic interaction, study habits, and home environment. By examining the three possible

paths of estimating academic performance, the strongest path is the home environment which

affects the learning skills and ultimately learning skills lead to affect the academic performance.

According to our model students can achieve high academic performance by focus on home

environment and learning skills. (Shahzadi etal.,2011)

Thus, the researcher felt the need for this study entitled, “The Impact of Zero-Based

Grading System to Students Academic Performance” because it is through students reliable

response that would open the eyes of those in the educational system on the impacts of the new

grading system.

Theoretical Framework

The backbone of this study was based on the Theoretical Perspectives on Factors

Affecting the Academic Performance of Students of Jama et. al. (2009). This supports the idea

that there is some factors affecting the progression of a students academic performance.

On their Theoretical Theoretical Perspectives on Factors Affecting the Academic

Performance of Students, higher education authorities and institutions, academics, academic

development practitioners, researchers etc. recognize that there is an increasing number and

diversity of students accessing higher education, do the stakeholders really know who these

students are before even thinking of enhancing their learning and teaching? Certain students
retention theories like those of Tinto, Spady, and Bean have described the type of students

entering higher education, but have failed to describe some real attributes and life-worlds of

these students. Although contributions that report on and seek to theorise on a range of responses

to t eaching and learning challenges are needed, contributions and theories on who these students

are, and what are the factors affecting their academic perormance are also as important

The purpose of this theory is to present a factors affecting the academic performance of

students. The factors affecting the academic performance of students are complex and

multidimensional. The other common beliefs of these theorists are that peer support, academic

performance, the students level of satisfaction with the institution might play a role in retention.

The basic assumption of this theory is that student dropout, suicide, attitudes and behavior. The

attrition of these students is mostly affected by the external environment variables such as family

responsibilities, finances and outside encouragements, rather than social integration variables

such as university memberships and friends which tend to affect traditional students.
Conceptual Framework

INPUT THROUGHPUT OUTPUT

The impacts of zero-

based grading system
to students academic
performance as
perceived by: Validation of
Questionnaires
1.) Students
2.) Teachers Proposed Action Plan
Toward the
Impacts of zero-based improvement of one’s
grading system in learning through
terms of: zero-based system.
Computation of
gathered data
through statistical
a.) Emotional treatment data
well-being
b.) Time
management
c.) Learnings

THE IMPACT OF ZERO-BASED GRADING

SYSTEM TO STUDENTS ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE

Figure 1. Conceptual Paradigm of the Study

 Figure 1 shows The impacts of zero-based grading system to students academic

performance. Furthermore, this aims to figure out if there is an impact on studenrt’s emotional

well-being, time management and learnings.

In the first box (input), were the students’ and the teachers’ perceptions on the zero-based

grading system and its impact to students academic performance. Next to it was the second box

(throughput) where the way the researchers’ gathered, computed and interpreted their data was

described.

Finally on the last box (output), Proposed Action Plan Toward the improvement of one’s

learning through zero-based system.

Statement of the Problem

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the impacts of zero-based

grading system to students academic performance. It will involve grade 8 loyalty students of

Tinurik National High School.

Specifically, this study will seek answers to the following questions:

1.What are the impacts of zero-based grading system?

2. Is there a significant relationship between the impacts of zero-based grading system to

the students academic performance?

3. Based on the findings of the study, what action plan can be proposed to assure

positive impacts on zero-based grading system?

Hypothesis
 The study worked on the null hypothesis:

There is no significant relationship between the impacts of the zero-based grading

system and the students academic performance.

Scope and Limitation

The research paper will focus on the impacts of the zero- based grading system to

students academic performance limited to the grade 8 Loyalty students of Tinurik National High

School.

Significance of the Study

This study will create more and stronger believes that students need

Students. For them to realize, it would help them to be aware on the impacts of zero-

based grading system and the usefullness of this on their learning

School head. The result of this study would be a basis if there is changes in students

learning and to know whether this grading system is necessary.

Teachers. It would open their eyes to the reality that this can affect students will in

studying and doing their home works.

Parents. The improvement that the school head and the teacher would implement as a

result of this study would make their children more knowledge.

Future researchers. This study will give them valuable insights and information which

may be useful as baseline data and off-shoots to conduct similar research.

Definitions of terms
 School. It is an educational institution, private and public, undertaking educational

operation with specific age-group of pupils or students pursuing defined studies at defined levels,

receiving instruction from teachers, usually located in a building or a group of buildings in a

particular physical or cyber site.

Students. It refers to those who enrolled in and who regularly attend an educational

institution of secondary or higher level or a person engaged in formal study.

Teachers. They are the key-learning persons who are responsible for

supervising/facilitating the learning processes and activities of the students.

Grading system. is the process of applying standardized measurements of varying levels

of achievement in a course. Grades can be assigned as letters (for example A through F), as a

range (for example 1 to 6), as a percentage of a total number of questions answered correctly, or

as a number out of a possible total (for example out of 20 or 100).

Academic performance. is the extent to which a student, teacher or institution has

achieved their short or long-term educational goals. Cumulative GPA and completion of

educational benchmarks such as secondary school diplomas and bachelor's degrees represent

academic achievement.