Stress Distribution in Soil

CHAPTER 9 - IN SITU STRESSES

CHAPTER 10 – STRESSES IN A SOIL MASS
\
Worked
Examples
Worked
Examples
Worked
Examples
Worked
Examples
Worked
Examples
 Capillary Rise
in Soils

Figure 9.15
(a) Rise of water in the capillary tube; (b)
pressure within the height of rise in the
capillary tube (atmospheric pressure
taken as datum)

The height of rise of water in the

capillary tube can be given by summing the
forces in the vertical direction, or

For water, T =72 mN/m.

Capillary Rise
in Soils

Figure 9.16
Capillary effect in sandy soil:
(a) a soil column in contact
with water; (b) variation
of degree of saturation in the
soil column

Hazen (1930) gave a formula for the approximation of the height of capillary rise
in the form.
 Effective Stress in the Zone of
Capillary Rise
The general relationship among total stress, effective stress, and pore water
pressure was given as:

The pore water pressure u at a point in a layer of soil fully saturated by capillary
rise is equal −𝛾𝑤 ℎ (where h = height of the point under consideration measured
from the groundwater table) with the atmospheric pressure taken as datum. If
partial saturation is caused by capillary action, it can be approximated as

where S = degree of saturation, in percent.

Worked Examples
Worked Examples
Worked Examples