1. Why President is elected indirectly.

Ans:
1. The farmers of the constitution wanted the presidential election to remain a quiet and dignified affair.
Tremendous loss of time, money and energy will be involved in a direct election of the president.
2. In a parliamentary system of government, power is vested in the council of ministers headed by the
PM and the union parliament. But the president is a constitutional head and no real power is given to
him/her. Hence it would be an anomaly, if the president is directly elected but not given any real power.
3. It would be difficult to provide an electoral machinery for an election in which millions of people
would have to take part.
4. A direct election would place too much power in the hands of the masses that are mostly illiterate.
5. There can be a conflict b/w PM and the President of India.

2. Qualifications for the president of India.

Ans:
1. Citizen of India
2. He should have completed 35 years of age.
3. He should be qualified for the election as a member o the lok sabha.
4. He should not hold any office of profit under the union government or any state government.
5. Certain office holders, however are permitted to stand as presidential candidates. They are:
The current vice president, the governor of any state, a minister of the union or any state.

3. Qualifications for members of parliament.

Ans:
1. is a citizen of India
2. has completed 30 years of age in case of Rajya Sabha and 25 years in case of Lok Sabha.
possesses such other qualifications as may be prescribed in that behalf by or under any law made by
Parliament.
3. Only an elector can be elected. Thus, the candidate must be registered as a voter in a parliamentary
constituency and must be eligible to vote. If due to any reason the person loses eligibility to vote, he
would lose eligibility to contest also.
4. It is not necessary that a person should be registered as a voter in the same constituency. This is
applicable for both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
5. A person from reserved category only can contest election if the Lok Sabha seat is reserved for these
categories. However, an SC/ST person can contest election on an unreserved seat also.
He should not be sound minded.

4. Procedure for removal of president in India.

Ans:
Impeachment is the way to remove Indian president for violating the Constitution of India by the
Parliament .The house (either loksabha or Rajyasbha) initiates theprocess by levelling the charges
against the President. The charges are contained in a notice that has to be signed by at least one quarter
of the total members of that house(either Loksabha or Rajyasabha). The notice is sent up to the
President and 14 days later, it is taken up for consideration.If the notice get the two third majority in the
originating house.Then it passes to the the second house if the notice get the two third majority in that
house also, the president has been removed.
5. Is government in office is accountable to the legislature.
Ans:
1. One of the forums of holding the government accountable for its actions is the Question Hour. During
Question Hour, MPs may pose questions to ministers related to the implementation of laws and policies
by the government.
2. In the 16 Lok Sabha, question hour has functioned in Lok Sabha for 77% of the scheduled time, while
th

in Rajya Sabha it has functioned for 47%. A lower rate of functioning reflects time lost due to
disruptions which reduces the number of questions that may be answered orally.
3. While Parliament may sit for extra hours to transact other business, time lost during Question Hour is
not made up. Consequently, this time lost indicates a lost opportunity to hold the government
accountable for its actions.
4. Further, there is no mechanism currently for answering questions which require inter-ministerial
expertise or relate to broader government policy. Since the Prime Minister does not answer questions
other than the ones pertaining to his ministries, such questions may either not get adequately
addressed or remain unanswered.
5. In countries such as the UK, the Prime Minister’s Question Time is conducted on a weekly basis.
During the 30 minutes the Prime Minister answers questions posed by various MPs.

6. Qualifications for supreme court judges and high court judges.

Ans:
Supreme court judges:
In order to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court, a person must be a citizen of India and must
have been, for atleast five years, a Judge of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession, or
an Advocate of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession for at least 10 years or he must
be, in the opinion of the President, a distinguished jurist.
High court judges:
1. A person to be appointed as a judge of a high court, should be a citizen of India. Further,
2. He should have held a judicial office in the territory of India for ten years or
3. should have been an advocate of high court(s) for ten years.
4. There is no minimum age fixed for high Court judges, and unlike in Supreme Court, there is no
provision for appointment of a distinguished jurist as a judge of a high court.

7. Role of Indian vice president

Ans:
1. The Vice President shall discharge the functions of the President during the temporary absence of the
President due to illness or any other cause due to which the President is unable to carry out his
functions.
2. The Vice President shall act as the President, in case of any vacancy in the office of the President by
reason of his death, resignation, removal through impeachment or otherwise. The Vice President shall
take over the duties of the President until a new President is elected and resumes office.
3. The Vice President is the ex-officio Chairman of the Council of States.
4. When the Vice President acts as, or discharges the functions of the President, he or she immediately
ceases to perform the normal functions of being the Chairman of the Council of States.

8. Powers of governor of a state.

Ans:
1. Executive power: He appoints- The Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers Chairman and
members of State Public Service Commission.
2. Legislative power:
1. Summons, Prorogues and Dissolve the State Legislature Appoints 1/6th member of Legislative Council
2. Nominates one member of Anglo Indian Community to Legislative Assembly
3. Powers Regarding Promulgating Ordinances He can promulgate Ordinances only with regards to State
List and Concurrent List.
4. When a bill is passed by Legislative Assembly the Governor can: Give his assent to the bill Hold the bill
Send the bill for reconsideration Reserve the bill for President's advice.
3. Judiciary powers:
1. Appoints the Judges below High Court Level
2. The President consults the Governor while appointing Chief Justice and Judges of High Court of that
state.
3. He can grant pardon, remission Or reprieve of offence against state laws
4. He cannot grant pardon in case of Death Sentence
4. Financial powers:
1. Money bill can be introduced only on Prior recommendation of the Governor.
2. He makes sure that annual budget is presented in Legislative Assembly.

9. Importance of prime minister of India

Ans:
The prime minister is responsible for aiding and advising the president in distribution of work of the
government to various ministries and offices and in terms of the Government of India (Allocation of
Business) Rules, 1961.
The Prime Minister determines the general direction of Government’s activities and ensures
coordinated and purposeful work of the Cabinet of Ministers. The Prime Minister leads the work of the
Cabinet of Ministers and is responsible before the Saeima. The Prime Minister chairs Cabinet sittings
and meetings of the Committee of the Cabinet of Ministers.
The Prime Minister appoints:
1. Parliamentary Secretaries of the ministries
2. ministers
3. Chief of Staff of the Prime Minister's Office and advisers to the Prime Minister.
Prime Minister has the right to request resignation of a minister. If the Prime Minister requests
resignation of a minister or state minister, the minister has to resign even if he/she has not received a
non-confidence vote by the Saeima.

10. functions of attorney general of india

Ans:
1) He gives advice to the Government of India upon such legal matters, which are referred or assigned
to him by the president.
(2) He performs such other duties of a legal character that are referred or assigned to him by the
president.
(3) He discharges the functions conferred on him by or under the Constitution or any other law.
In the performance of his official duties,
(1) He appears on behalf of the government of India in all the cases in Supreme Court in which the
Government of India is concerned.
(2) He appears on behalf of the government of India in any case in a high court in which the
Government of India is concerned, if Government of India requires so.
11. Qualification to become a minister .
Ans:
Anyone who is a member of parliament can be made a minister on the recommendation of Prime
minister. There is no educational qualification mentioned in the constitution.
But there are some qualifications mentioned in the Constitution, to be a MP.
1. He must be a citizen of India.
2. He must make and subscribe to an oath or affirmation before the person authorized by the election
commission for this purpose. In his oath or affirmation, he swears
(a) To bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India.
(b) To uphold the sovereignty and integrity of India.
3. He must be not less than 30 years of age in the case of the Rajya Sabha and not less than 25 years of
age in the case of the Lok Sabha.
4. He must possess other qualifications prescribed by Parliament.

12. Position of speaker

Ans:
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha enjoys a position of great respect and dignity. He has the supreme
responsibility to conduct the proceedings of the House. He acts as the representative of the House, and
as its impartial chairman. His authority is supreme in the House and no one can challenge his decisions
and rulings. The office of the Speaker is of great dignity and respect.

13. the position of the President of India under the Indian Constitution.
Ans:
Art. 53(1) which vests the executive power of the Union in the President provides that the power may
be exercised by the President either directly or through officers subordinates to him. For this purpose,
Ministers are deemed to be officers subordinate to him.
Article 74(1) provides that there shall be a Council of Ministers with Prime Minister at the head, to aid
and advise President in exercise of his functions.
Art. 74(2) lays that question whether any, and if so, what advice was tendered by minister to the
President shall not be inquired into in any court
Article 75(1) says that Prime Minister shall be appointed by President and other Ministers shall be
appointed by President on the advice of Prime Minister.
Art. 75(2) lays that Minister shall hold office during the pleasure of President.
Art. 75(3) lays that Council of Ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha

14. Composition of rajya sabha

Ans:
The Rajya Sabha should consist of not more than 250 members - 238 members representing the States
and Union Territories, and 12 members nominated by the President. Rajya Sabha is a permanent body
and is not subject to dissolution. However, one third of the members retire every second year, and are
replaced by newly elected members. Each member is elected for a term of six years. The Vice President
of India is the ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha. The House also elects a Deputy Chairman from among
its members. Besides, there is also a panel of "Vice Chairman" in the Rajya Sabha. The senior most
minister, who is a member of Rajya Sabha, is appointed by the Prime Minister as Leader of the House.
15. Importance of rajya sabha
Ans:
1. Rajyasabha is a federal feature. Since its members are elected by state assembly. So it represents
state intrest.
2. It provides representation of regional and small party at centre. Their are some parties who have no
representation at lok sabha but but executive donot denny them because of their value at Rajyasabha.
3. Even small parties can keep their view in parliament.
4. To provide check to any wrong work being done by elected government. Many times some bills have
been stopped in rajya sabha on the ground that some changes are needed in the bill and Then executive
make changes and satisfies Rajyasabha to pass the bill.
5. It is house of intellectual. Eg. Many a time it has been seen that The best minister of government hails
from Rajyasabha.
6. It also provides provision for nomination of members from different aspects of life.