DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION BASED

STRESS ANALYSIS

ADARSH P

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ABSTRACT

Digital Image Correlation is a non-contact, optical method which captures of

digital images of a surface of an object then performs the image analysis to
obtain full-field deformation and a measurements. Basically, we are able to
calculate the strains in a body with coming into actual contact with it. Here we
incorporated DIC for measuring strains at different loading state in an
aluminium plate. A speckle pattern is pasted in the body and images of the body
at different loading instant is made, these images is compared with reference
image in MATLAB and respective displacements and strains are found. The
strains and displacements at all points in considered region of interest are
obtained in the form of image and we can save respective images with full
information.

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PROCEDURE

1. First step is to make the specimen that you want to consider in the stress
analysis. We are considering a rectangular aluminium plate.

2. Paste a speckle pattern with respect to accuracy you needed at your

region of interest.

3. Load the specimen using UTM under uni- axial tension and capture the
image of speckle pattern at different increment of loads. Maximum load
is half of the allowable load.

4. Download images taken in sequence of increasing loading.

5. Finally, the displacements and strains are calculated using NCORR and
MATLAB by comparing reference image and loaded image. The result is
available in the form of image and we can download the image.

fig 1) Example for Speckle pattern provided in a body

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fig 2) Images of experimental setup performed in UTM

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 RESULTS

Outputs from NCORR: Rectangular specimen

fig 3. Test specimen(Reference image)

a) Displacements

fig 4. U-direction fig 5. V-direction

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b) Strains

fig 6. E xx fig 7. E yy

fig 9. E xy

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Shear specimen

fig 10.V-direction fig 11. E yy

fig 12. E xy fig 13. E xx

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Dog bone specimen

fig 14. U-direction fig 15. V-direction

fig 16. E xx fig 17. E yy

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 fig 18. E xy

U Shaped Specimen

fig 19. U-direction fig 20. V-direction

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z

fig 21. E xx fig 22. E yy

fig 23. E xy

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Plate with a hole

Displacement contours

fig 24. U plot fig 25. V plot

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 t

fig 27. Exx fig 28. Eyy

fig 29. Exy

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PLOTS SHOWING VARIATION OF STRESS CONCENTRATION
FACTOR WITH RESPECT TO LOAD FOR VARIOUS SPECIMEN

1. Plate with a hole

measured k
4.5

3.5

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

graph 1. k vs load for plate with hole

2. shear specimen

measured K
3

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

graph 2. K vs load for shear specimen

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3. Dog boned specimen

measured K
6

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

graph 3. K vs Load for dog bonned specimen

Answer to the Questions?

1. Estimate the magnitude and location of the maximum stresses in each of the
specimens from the contours ?
Ans:
a) Rectangular plate
Magnitude: 175 MPa
Location: center part of the specimen
b) Shear specimen
Magnitude: 238 Mpa
Location : Edge of first notch
c) Dog boned specimen
Magnitude : 112 Mpa
Location : Transition zone
d) Plate with a hole
Magnitude:896 Mpa
Location: At circular edge

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2. Specimens similar to the ones you tested are made of G1050 steel, are twice
as large, and are loaded in a similar fashion; estimate the largest loads that can
be applied safely. State any assumptions that you may need to make. Also state
failure criterion ?
ANS :
Material property of 1050 steel
Yield strength = 580 MPa

Dimensions
Length=500 mm
Width=50 mm
Hole dia = 50/3 mm
Calculation
Let applied load is P
Maximum stress = 580 Mpa
Maximum stress=K∗Nominal stress
P
Nominal stress=
A net

Substitute all values∧found p as 3 kN according ¿ maximum stress theory

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3. Plot K versus load, and compare with the value obtained from a stress-
concentration chart ?
ANS :

K VS Load plot of Plate with hole

measured k
4.5

3.5

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

graph 4. K vs load for plate with hole

Avg measured K = 3.5

K obtained from concentration chart = 2.35

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APPENDIX

Name Density E G Yield ultimate Poisssion

strength ratio

Aluminium 2640 kG/m3 70 GPa 28 GPa 500 Mpa 570Mpa 0.34

Table 1). Material properties

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