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-.-
! PHRASAL VERBS

_"@M"'_
act on ::: do whateYe!' Is iXMsed/suggested bring.bout = cause
act up = behave awkwardly or badly brinCin = introduce {law, idea)
answer (sb) back = speak rudely to sb bring off '" succeed in(sth difficult)
answer back: defeoo oneself bring on = cause an illness
answer for = be responsible fof 5th/pay tor sth/vouch tor bring out = publish/release
an.wer to ::: be under the command of sb/1\aYe the bring round/ to = cause sbto regain consciousnes s
characteristics described brinCup = (1) stop,(2) mention a subject, (3) YOmit,
back do\l\'n = cease tOoppl5e (4) raise a child
back out of : withdraw from call at = visit briefly
backup = support caU back = ask to retum
be beneath sb = be demeaning call Ior: require
be down on " be hostile to sb C.IIIn =coosult
be down with = be ill (with disease) eanol'l' =cancel
belnfor Jt=beaboutloreceivepunislvnenVtrooble eall out : cause one 10 go on stJike
belnwlth =belnfavourwith eall up = cooscript
be Into = (infoonal) take an intereSI in sth earry off = succeed in doing sth difficult
be off = (1) cease to want or be interested In sth. (2) hM earry on :(1)eontinue.(2)behavewi~1y
come loose, detached from sth, (31st8'f "N<1f from c.rry GUt =!ulfilorper!ormsth
worI<,IschooI,(4)cancel.{5)bebad.unhea~(usufood) carry over = last from another time
be on= be shown on teievisioo,at the cinema etc carry throuJh: eomplete sth In spite ofdifficutties
beoLlt =(1) be In bloom, (2) be extinguishe<1,(3) be eatch on = become popular
rerTlCWed, (4) be absent (from home or work),(5) be eateh up = reach sb who is ahead
wrong in cak:ulation. (6) be unfashionable chip In = addone·s share of money
be upto=(1)do.{2) depend on clearof= findiMOCellt
bear on =be relevant to cle.roff =run~
bear with = tle patient clear out : get rid of unwanted things
clear up : (of the weather} brighten up
eharge to :RbilJsb
ehara:e wlth : publicly accuse sb of committing a
balance against = assess in reiationto
bank on zdepend on
bear oLlt = support the truth of
"""""""
beeome of = happen to
blink at "show surprise be done for = be ruined
bIoWover :stopandbeforgotten eomeabout ;::happen
blow up = explode eome acron " find sth or meet sb by chance
book up : reser.oe come by = obtain sth
bre. k away = escape from captivity come down to : be passed 10 sb
bre.k down = (1) fail to furw;tion,(2) Iosecootrol of comefolW.rd =step folWard
feelings come In = become fashionable
break In = (1)inlerrupl,(2) enter a building by force come Into . inherit
break Into = suddenty start doing sth come on = progress
brealot off =endsthsuddenty eome out = (1) become known, (2) be published
break out '" (1) start suddenty (of violent events), come out In a develop
(2) escape from a place come over = happen; have a result or elfect on sb
break through = (1) make a discovery. (2) become visible come round to: change one's opinion to anothef
(3) achieYe success despite obstacles or difficulties point 01 view: bepersuacled
bre.k up = (1) end a relationship, (2) disperse come round/ to = regain consciousness
brea+lwtth "gJYeupsth comethrouth:= cootinue to live after (sth bad)
brul h up = improve (by study) come to= amount to a total
build up= acquiregradually/accumtJlate eome up = grow
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 Appendix 1
tome upto: reach, equal sth
comt upwlth :o have an Iclea about a way to solve
a problem get IIbout = (l)mow about.(2) spread (of news. gossipetc)
deal In :o tracle in sth getac::ross = make understood
deal wlth :otackie a pfObIem; cope with get ahead = succeed
IkIftWtwlth :oabolish get alongfon '" be on friendly lerms with
lkldown = aiticise get8t = mean
do 0\11: of= cleprlYe of cetat Ib = criticise, tease in an unkind way
do up = fasten {a ooatetc) get IN/a'fwlth : escape punishment
do with = need/woulcl like get by : manage clespiteclifficulties
dowlthO\ll: = manage in spite of lack get sbdown _depresssb
drtvelt = imply,suggest get oIf: send
eo oft : happen getolfwlth : rleartyescape punishment
geton :make progess
get on with = continue doirc sth
get 0\11: of = avoid
cheltO\ll:of :preventsbfromhaVing sthusuinan get over : recover from
unfair way get round = persuade
cllflck In: registerasa guest ata hotel get round to : find time
cllflck out: pay one 's bill ancl leave a hotel getthrough :conlact by phone
cllflck up on : investigate sb's behaViouretc getupto= bebusywithsthsurprisingorundesirable
cut back = reduce (outgoings) glve(onesell} up : surrender
cut down on = reduce (COflsumption) glvel1ftlRlf1 :(l)reveal. (2}givefreelyasa present
cutin : interrupt sth giYe In = (l}delivef.yield
cut oft = (1) isolate. (2}clisconnect give off = send out/emit
cutout = omit give out = (l)oome toan end,(2) announce,
draw In : shorten (of days} (3) distribute
draw on:= use partofa reserve glveup :{l) stop doing sth.(2) admit defeat
draw out = extend glveonesell up .. surrender
draw up = come to a stop (of...ehiCles) hypeup :exaggeratethevalueof sth
drop In = visit Urlexpectedly
drop otr= clecrease
drop out of= withdrawtrom
ut Into = COflsume a part of sth go down " (of remarks. proposals ete) be received in
lall back = retreal a specified way
lall back on = lurnto sth/sb for help when all else go downwfth _become ill
has failed go for : be sold
fall for:o fall in love with sb go In foI' : take part in
fall In = collapse go oft: make a sudden Ioudooise
fall In with = ageeto goon: happen
fal otr =clecline go onwlth :continoJesth esp after a pause
fall on = attack go round : be enough foreveryone to tJaI.oe a share
fallout with = Quarrel gothrough :(l) examirle sth closely or
lall through = fa il to take place syslematical ly,(2) consume
leel lor = sympathise goup= bebuilt
fit In = mix well with others gowtth= beinCluded intheprice
fltup/ O\II: =!umish/equip hold back =(1) prevent deveklpment, (2) delay,
fly It = attack (with blows or words} (3) withhold
fold up = collapse or fail hoid in = COfltrol (feelings,onesell)
head oft = prevent hold oft; (1) keepata distance, (2)de\a')'
Join up = become a member of the military hold on : wait
holdoLlt ;{l) last, (2) resi st
hold 0\11: for : wsit to get sth desired

233
 hold out on = keep a secrel from sb
holdover =poslponeloalalerdale
hold up = (1) rob (a bank,vehicle) (2) de lay
.i.jMMMiiitM
bekeptln= bedetaine<lafternormalhoursasa
punishment
keep at = continue working at
keep back = hide
keep down = repress
keep In with = continue 10 be fliend ly
keep on = continue doing sth
keep on at = continue lalking inan irritating way
keepto =follow
kee p up (with) = progress at the same rate
keep up with = (1) stay at an equal level with. (2) be
informed about
land In = get into trwble,difficullies etc
land up = end (usu in difficulties)
lay aslde=putasi<1e
lay Into = attack (with blows or words}
lay off = stop doing sth irritating
layout ; spend
let down = (1) disappoint, (2) lower sth
let In for = irwolve in trouble etc
let In on = al low sb to share a plan, secret. etc
let on =revealasecret
let out = (1) make (a garment etc) looser or larger
(Opjl : take in),(2) utter a cry
let sb off = not punish severely
let . bthrough = allow sb to pass an exam ora test
let up = become less in degree
let upon = treat sb less severely
be made up = cons ist
lead on = persuade sbto believe ordo slh by making
false promises
look after = take ca re of
look ahead = think about Ihe future
look at = read
look back = th ink about one's past
look down on= despise
look for = search for
lookln =payashortvisil
look Into = invesligatejexamine the facts relatingtosth
look on = watch sth withoultaking part
look onto = have a view
look out = watch out; be careful
lookoutfor =(1)searchinorde r tofindsth,(2}be
alert in order to seejfind sb
look over = examine (a place)
234
lookto=relyoosb
lool<.up ; search for (a word) in a reference book
look up = visit esp after a looglime
lool<. up to = respect
make for = head for
make off with = steal sth and hurry ffflay with it
make out = (1) complete sth,(2) claim to be,
(3}discern, (4) understand
make over =transferlheownershipofsth
make st hlnto= converl
make up= (1) invent (a story). (2) end a quarre l,
(3) compensate for sth. (4) put cosmetics on sb'sface
(5)rorm
make upfor = compensate sb for the trouble one has
causedlhem
rise up =rebel
rule out = exclude
live on . bj .th = get the money needed from
live through = experience over time
IIveupto= reach the standard that maybe expected
live with = toleratejaccepl slhand endure it
meet with = have as a reaction
miss out = forget to include
move onto = pass to another subject
narrow down = red uce
note down = record
pa$S over = ignore, overlook
hand over = give
phase out = gradually stop using
piece together = create a picture of
put about = spread (fa lse ) reports. rumours
putaeross ;communicate
put asldejby= save fo r later use
put away = put into confinement
put back = delay
put down = write ina particular place
put down to = attribute to
putforward ; suggest, propose
put In (a request) = make an official request
put In for = (1) apply for, (2) make an official request
put off = discourage
put off = postpone
put on = (1) gain weight. (2) pretend 10 have,
(3) advance, (4}clothe oneselfwil h,(5) pre sent
put out = extinguish
put sb up = give accommodation to
putsth behind one = deliberately forget
put through = (1) carry sth out, (2) cause sb to
undergo (an ordeal)
put through to ab = connect by telephone
put up with = tolerate

run ICrou = find I::rtchance
run Ifter .. pursue
run lWay _leave(scllool,homeetc)
rLm lWay with In ldel = accept it wilhout carefu l
thlnklngellenlhoughitiswrong
runbehind =bedelayed
run down :(1) criticise,(2)gradualiy stop functioning,
(3) run sb down (with a vehicle)
run In = use a new Yehicle carefully
runlnto =(1)rneetbychance,(2)coIlidewith
run off = produce quickly
run out ofs extJaustthe suppiy of slh
runUIrOUCh: (1) rehearse (2) use up
run up "aecumulate(bills etc)
run up IIJIIIMt = encounlerdifficulties
IM lbout = make arrangements for
IM off = acoomparry a traveller to his/her train elc
IM out z accompany sb toan exit
IM OVfIr : inspect properiy
IMthrou&h =(1) not be deceived,(2) supportsb
ttvoughadifficuittime
IM to = take care of
settle down = live a more permanent life-style
MttIefor .acceptslh(lessU\ane~)
settle In .. become used 10 a new house Of job
settle on s decide on
settle up '" pay (a debt, a bill etc)
Mtlbout = begin
Mtllkle= save for a special purpose
Mt'*k =hlndef
set sb ,*k = cost sb a lot of money
set In "'begin(ofa period,usubad)
set oft _(l)starta reaction,(2) begin a journey
(=Setoot)
set M animal onlb = cause an animal to attack sb
set out _begin a task/jobwilh a specific Intention
set up = (1) establish (a record), (2) start a business
(3) erect
ltand by .. (1) remain loyal to sb,(2) do nothing to
stop a bad situation, (3) be ready for action
ltand down = resign fTom a position
ltand 101' = (1) support sth,(2) mean, symbolise,
(3) tolerate, (4) enter oneself 101' election
stand In for = replace lemporariiy
ltand out = be conSj)icuous/otMous
stand up for = defend; suwort
atand up to = defend oneself against
Appendix 1
take aback = surprise
take after = look like a relative
takeagalnlt = dislike sb
takeaway = remove
take back = withdraw a statement or comment
take down = (1) write down, (2) remove sth from a
high place
take In = (1)deceive,(2) allow sb to stay in one's
home, (3) understand, (4) make clothes smaller
takeoff =(l)remove (cIothing),(2) leave the ground
(ofaeropianesetc),(3)imitBtesbin a comic w<1f,
(4) begin 10 succeed (of pians,ideasetc)
take on =(1) undertake sth,(2) empioy staff,
(3) accept sb as an opponent
take out " (1) extract, remove, (2) accompany sb toa
lheatreetc
take over = take control ofsth esp in place of sb else
take sb for = mistake sb/sth forsb/sth else
take to =(1) find agreeable; Iike,(2) begin a habit,
(3) escape to; hide in
takeup= (1)beginahol:lbV,sportetc,(2)occupy space
take up with " become involved In (usu derog)
talk about "(1) gossip about sb,(2) consider
talk at "speakto sbwithout listening to \heir replies
talk back = reply rudeiy
talk down to " speak to sbas if they were less clever
than oneself
talk Into : persuade sb to do Sth
talk out = settle a prob1em by talking
talk out of = persuade sboottodo slh
talk round = persuade sbto agree to 5th
tell against: spoil chances of success
tellapart=disti~uish
telloff =scoId/reprimand
think of: take sth into account
think out : prepare planscarefulty
think over = reflect upon 5th before making a de<:isKln
think up = invent or devise sth
tum away = refuse admittance to sb
tum down :(l) reject an oHer, (2) reduce heatetc
tum In =gotobed
tumsb In = report to the authorities
tum Into = convert, change
tum off = swi\Ct1 oH
tumOf1 :switctlon
tum out = (1) assemble as a crowd,(2) pnxIuce,
(3)proye to be
tum over = fall on one side
235
 tum l thove'ilnone'l mlnd) :thinkcarefullyaboutsth
tumto "iOtosblofhelp
tum up "'(1) arr1Ye,(2) il'lCreaseYOlume

throw loboutjaround _scattersth

throw tNtay = discard sth as useless
throw l th baek at l b .. remind sb of sth bad they did
in the past
throw orf = escape trom, get free of
throw oneaeH Into = begin to do sth energetically and
enthusiastically
throwonu,Hon . bj lth 11 rely 011 sb/sth
throw I b out = force sbto leave
throw I thout = get rid 01 unwanted Items
throw I b together = bring people Into contact wrth
each other
throwup "(1)gI~eup(a jobetc},(2)\IOmit
tlyon = check the fit (of clothes}
tlyout -test
weal fIfW'iI'J .. become thin, damaged, weak, etc by
constant use
wearoff =disappeargradl.l3lly(elfectofsth}
wear out = use until useless (of clothes etc}
work off " (1) OYercome the effects Of sth (energy,
stress,a~r),(2)repaybyworklng(adebt)
workon =beoccupledwith
work out =(l)find a soIlrtion by reasoning, (2) turn
out successfully
work up = (1)deYelop,(2) excite, (3) advance (in
buSiness)

236