Transport Phenomena 919 Temp. Distn. in Solids and in Laminar Flow .10 EFFECTIVENESS OF A FIN Actual rate of heat loss from the fin "* Rate of heat loss from an isothermal fia Q " Ban _dfeetose T,) dz dy SS h(T, -T,) dz dy nies Secsroe INQ -2)) “cosh (NYT w fa = ~ cosh (N)L~N tanh (NY ..(9.105) 9.11 HEAT CONDUCTION WITH A VISCOUS HEAT SOURCE Consider a flow of a incompressible Newtonian fluid between two coaxial cylinders as shown in Fig. 9.6. As the outer cylinder rotates, each cylindrical shell or fluid rubs against an adjacent layer, this rubbing will provide the surface for thermal energy. This viscous heat produced per unit volume is 'S,' and it depends on local velocity gradient 1 sinh [N(1 -211] 5 Outer cylinder moves with Angular velocity 2 is stanonary | Inner cylinder Fig. 9.6 : Flow between cylinders with viscous heat generation9.20 Temp. Distri_in Solids and in Lin ‘Transport Phenomena - 7 : J If the width between two cylinders ‘b' 8 very sma as compared to radiug ey cylinder ‘R’, then, curvature effects can be neglected. The problem can then be Rady Cartesian co-ordinates. ‘Stationary surface Fig. 9.7 : Idealisation of portion of flow system Volume rate of thermal energy production is ‘dV, dv. = —)- — OE s= -= (ae) : “(&) As velocity distribution is linear, dv, dx. Consider a shell of length 'L', width ‘W' and thickness ‘Ax’. ‘The various components of thermal energy balance are Rate of thermal encrgy ov (Ry ermal enerey) = (Lew: a) ( Rate of thermal energy at Out by conduction at xe ax) = (Lew a) lee ae : ( Rate of thermal energy gt produced per unit vole) = (L- Wax. s,) The thermal energy balance is given by, (LWea,)|- (uw a) fee etL-w asee Dividing this equation by (LAV-ax) ang taking tim Ax 0" Hence,r 9.21 pre? ———Temp_Distn. in Solids and in Lamin, ge ting this equation gives, ae ’ (vt w= acy) x+C, O11) gue Fourier's law of heat conduction as, = 487 a “Fa (9115) this equation in above equation aves, soe wat Vy 7 #(B) x+C, (9.116) e yetegrating this equation gives, 4 yiix : -k-T = uff) P-ea-6 (9.17) = T = +C, --(9.118) ms . : for evaluating constant of integration, we have, gomdary Condition (1): At x = 0, T = T, Cy SBT andat x=b,T=T, Equation (9.118) becomes, uv Gb hel = -p ork .- (9.119) . 5 tes (9.120) Bees, (9121) OeeeomtS—~S ¥ tv = Brinkman number “. Br = ycT,-T.) ‘as heat flow compared to 7 of vis00! a8 number measures the relative impor o! "sulting from temperature difference (Ts ~