SELF-LEARNING MODULE

GRADE 10

QUARTER 2
WEEK 1
MUSIC
• Describes the historical and cultural background of Afro-Latin American and popular
music;
MOST ESSENTIAL • Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro Latin American and popular music through
LEARNING listening activities;
COMPETENCIES • Explores ways of creating sounds on a variety of sources suitable to chosen vocal and
instrumental selections;
• HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND OF AFRO-LATIN
TOPICS •
AMERICAN AND POPULAR MUSIC;
AFRICAN MUSIC SONG AND MUSIC ANALYSIS
• LATIN AMERICAN MUSIC SONG AND MUSIC ANALYSIS
• AFRICAN MUSIC SOUNDS AND MUSIC EXPLORATION

TO THE LEARNERS

Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks which may disturb
you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully
enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated on every page of
this module.
2. Write in your notebook the concept about the lessons. Writing enhances
learning, which is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module, use a separate sheet of
paper in answering the exercises.
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next page.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to ask for help from your teacher. Enjoy studying!

HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY!

 EXPECTATION
At the end of this module, you are expected to:

(1) describe the historical and cultural background of Afro-Latin American and popular
music;
(2) identify the different styles of Afro-Latin American and popular music;
(3) analyze musical characteristics of Afro Latin American and popular music through
listening activities;
(4) Listen and analyze the example Latin American Music;
(5) Explore ways in creating sounds suitable from the chosen vocal and instrumental
selections; and
(6) Create a simple harmonic song/sound accompanied by improvised African musical
instruments.

BRIEF
INTRODUCTION

We all know that every nation has its own musical styles and tradition. There are
musical styles that evolved from different genre through interaction with other cultures,
as in the case of Latin American music. In this module, you will have a chance to learn
the influential musical styles in the world, namely Afro-Latin American and popular music,
and discover how they are related. You will find different activities where you can learn
and show your understanding on the historical and cultural background of these musical
styles. You shall also have a unique experience on how Afro-Latin American and popular
music developed.

Africans include music in many aspects of their lives, from religious ceremonies to
social gatherings to landmarks in the life cycle. Music also plays an important role in
many traditional methods of healing. In such settings, people may be divided by
age, gender, or class. But not all African music is performed with a group or for an
audience. People also play instruments or sing to themselves for pleasure and to relieve
stress. Words play an important role in African music. In many African societies, music is
closely linked to the ORAL TRADITION of spoken or recited literature. Storytelling
frequently includes songs, and some forms of music mimic the spoken word. “Talking
drum” music uses drumbeats with different tones to echo the sounds of language. Many
musical forms are based on the singing and storytelling, and musicians sometimes use
their instruments as voices that speak a language. African music is rarely just for
instruments. Musicians and listeners alike take great interest in the lyrics. Singing styles
range from solo performances to large group participation. When singing in a group,
individuals may sing the same words together. However, in a style known as polyphonic,
each person voices a different phrase or syllable to create a variety of vocal patterns
and combinations. In Africa, music is generally considered inseparable from
words, dance, and the occasion for which it is performed. It is not linked to specific notes
and rhythms within measured units of time. Instead, African musicians play music based
on their own individual sense of rhythm or on rhythmic phrases they have learned.
Although a drum or rattle may keep a steady rhythm, other players may not use it as a
basis for the beats they play or for how they accent notes in the music. Despite their
diversity, traditional African musical forms share some common traits. The emphasis is
placed more strongly on rhythms than on melody and harmony. Repetition is use as an
organizing principle on top of which improvisation is built. And musical instruments are
made from natural elements.
 LATIN AMERICAN MUSIC
a product of three major influences – Indigenous, Spanish-Portuguese, and African
includes countries that have been colonized by Spain and Portugal
divided into different areas:
Andean Region
Central America
Caribbean
Brazil

VOCAL and DANCE FORMS OF LATIN AMERICAN MUSIC

• Cumbia -originating in Panama and Columbia, it became a popular African courtship

dance with European and African instrumentation and characteristics
• Tango--a foremost Argentinian and Uruguayan urban popular song that is related to the
Cuban contradanza, habanera and Cuban tango
• Cha cha cha - a ballroom dance that originated in Cuba, it is derived from the “mambo”.
It is usually danced with Cuban music, Latin Pop and Rock music
• Rumba-a popular recreational dance of Afro-Cuban origin, its music contains jazz
elements that became a model for other Latin American dances
• Bossa Nova -a vocal form that is characterized by the integration of melody, harmony
and rhythm into a swaying feel, where the vocal style is often nasal
• Reggae - a style that was a synthesis of Afro-American popular music and traditional Afro-
Jamaican music
• Salsa - Salsa music is a Cuban, Puerto Rican, and Colombian dance music. It comprises
various musical genres including the Cuban son montuno, guaracha, chachacha and
bolero.
• Samba - Samba is the basic underlying rhythm that typifies most Brazilian music. It is a lively and
rhythmical dance and music with three steps to every bar, making the Samba feel like a timed
dance

ACTIVITY 1
A. Direction: Classify the following musical styles as African, Latin American, jazz, and popular music.
Put the name of the musical style in the correct column.

Call and response

Maracatu Bebop
Disco Reggae
Blues Rock and roll
MUSICAL STYLES Bossa nova
Ragtime Big band
Soul Hip hop Cha cha
Tango
Alternative music
 AFRICAN MUSIC LATIN AMERICAN JAZZ MUSIC POPULAR MUSIC
MUSIC

B. CROSSWORD
Direction: Fill in the crossword puzzle with the words missing from the sentences below. Match the
number of the sentence to the boxes placed across or down the grid.

ACROSS
1. Beating of _________is essential to many
African ceremonies
2. _________is comprised of Cuba, Dominican
Republic, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Martinique, and
Puerto Rico that have had a colonial history from
Spain and Portugal.
3. An offshoot of the music of African slaves who
migrated to America is called ________.
4. _________ music literally means “music of the
populace,”
5. _________is short for Original Pinoy Music or
Original Philippine Music.
DOWN
6. _________ has always been an important part
in the daily life of the Africans.
7. African was colonized by __________.
8. African traditional music is largely ________ in
nature
9. Music of Latin American is sometimes called
___________ music.
10. One of the four areas that had a colonial
history from Spain and Portugal is __________.
 ACTIVITY 2
A. Direction: Listen to the selected vocal and instrumental music/song of Afro – Latin American and
Popular Music. Identify its musical characteristics. Write your answer on the given table below.

Characteristics of African
Music/song (Early Mornin’) (Betcha by (When the (School Day)
Ray Charles Golly Wow) saints go Chuck Berry
BLUES The Stylistics marching on) CALL and RESPONSE
SOUL Louis
Armstrong
SPIRITUAL
Melody
CONJUNCT (smooth;
easy to sing or play)
DISJUNCT (disjointedly
ragged or jumpy; difficult
to sing or play).

Dynamics
relative loudness (or
quietness) of music
quiet/moderate/loud etc

Rhythm(Tempo)
the speed of the BEAT
(Slow, Moderate, Fast
etc.)

Texture
(monophonic,
homophonic,
polyphonic, imitation,
counterpoint)

Tone Color
(or TIMBRE -pronounced
"TAM-BER")
musical instrument or
voice produces
 ACTIVITY 3

A. Direction: Listen to the selected Latin American Music. Identify its musical characteristics. A
table is provided for your answer.
(Recall the elements of music) 5 pts per music or column.
Music Reference:

1. Reggae – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IlwIcTsmERw
2. Salsa - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pXe01iJMBtU
3. Samba - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nkft1gEBRRs
4. Tango - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7uA3mwfadAM

Activity #1 Musical Characteristics

( Reggae ( Salsa ) ( Samba ) ( Tango )
)
Texture
Monophonic, Homophonic, Polyphonic

Tempo
fast, slow, moderately fast or slow, etc.

Beat
Regular or irregular

D A N C E! D A N C E!!!
B. Directions: Choose any from the musical selection above. Imitate the melody by body
movement to feel and appreciate the Latin American Music.

Note: Record or video your output and send it to me via messenger

ACTIVITY 4
A. Direction: Listen to the selected music and identify its musical characteristics. Write
your answer on the given table below.

Title of the Song Melody Texture Forms

a. A House is not a Home
b. Maracatu
c. Rock My Soul
B. Making Improvised African Instruments (Individual Activity)

1. Make one improvised African instrument using dried vegetables, scraps of leather,
bamboo and wood, strips of roofing metal, tin cans, pebbles and bottles.

2. Create a rhythmic/harmonic accompaniment for any song you know using these
improvised African instruments. (For one minute onwards)

3. Describe your experience in making improvised African musical instruments and making a
rhythmic /harmonic accompaniment using the improvised African musical instrument.

Rubrics :

1. Follow the given instruction---- 5

2. Create the improvised instruments using materials found at home.--5
3. Perform a rhythmic song/sound with the used of improvised instruments----10
4. Describe the experienced of this activity in a form of statement.---5

Total – 25 points

REMEMBER
Music has always been an important part in the daily life of the African. It is used primarily in
ceremonial rites, such as birth, death, marriage, succession, worship, and spirit invocations.
The music of Latin America is the product of three major influences – Indigenous, Spanish-
Portuguese, and African.
Jazz genre was an offshoot of the music of African slaves who migrated to America.
Popular music literally means “music of the populace”.
Maracatu - the most well-known of the maracatu genres, is an Afro-Brazilian
performance genre practiced in the state of Pernambuco, mainly in the cities
of Recife and Olinda. This is traditionally performed by parading with a drumming group
of 80–100, a singer and chorus, and a coterie of dancers and stock characters including
a king and a queen. Dancers and stock characters dress and behave to imitate
the Portuguese royal court of the Baroque period.
Blues is a music genre and musical form which was originated in the Deep South of the
United States around the 1860s by African-Americans from roots in African musical
traditions, African-American work songs, and spirituals.
A call and response is a succession of two distinct phrases usually written in different parts
of the music, where the second phrase is heard as a direct commentary on or in response
to the first.
Spirituals is a genre of songs originating in the United States and created by African
Americans. Spirituals were originally an oral tradition that imparted Christian values while
also describing the hardships of slavery.
Soul music (often referred to simply as soul) is a popular music genre that originated in
the African American community throughout the United States in the 1950s and early
1960s. It combines elements of African-American gospel music rhythm and blues and
jazz.
LATIN AMERICAN MUSIC

a product of three major influences – Indigenous, Spanish-Portuguese, and African includes

countries that have been colonized by Spain and Portugal divided into different areas:

Andean Region

Central America

Caribbean
 Brazil

Vocal forms of African music are: maracatu, soul, blues and spiritual. And their musical
instruments are mostly made from environment and classified according to use such as
Idiophones, Membranophones, Chordophones, Lamellaphones and Aerophones.

CHECK YOUR
UNDERSTANDING
Before I move on to the next module, I will assure you that…
I understand…
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I will apply the lesson in…
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I will practice…
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