Independent University Bangladesh

Name: S. M. Tanzim Tuhin

ID: 2022302
CSE204L, Sec: 3, Lab: 01
Experiment Name: Basic characteristics of DIGITAL LOGIC GATES (AND, OR,
NOR, NOT, NOR, NAND, XOR) and verification of their truth table

OBJECTIVE:
● To study the basic logic gates: AND, OR, NOT, NOR, NAND, XOR
● To study the representation of these functions by truth tables, logic diagrams
and Boolean algebra.
● To observe the pulse response of logic gates.

APPARATUS:
● IC Type 7408 Quadruple 2-input AND gate
● IC Type 7432 Quadruple 2-input OR gate
● IC Type 7404 Hex Inverters/ NOT gate
● IC Type 7400 Quadruple 2-input NAND gate
● IC Type 7402 Quadruple 2-input NOR gate
● IC Type 7486 Quadruple 2-input XOR gate
● Digital Electronic Trainer Kit
● Power Supply Unit

THEORY:
● AND A multi-input circuit in which the output is 1 only if all inputs are 1.
● OR A multi-input circuit in which the output is 1 when any input is 1.
● NOT The output is 0 when the input is 1, and the output is 1 when the input is 0
● NAND AND followed by INVERT
● NOR OR followed by INVERT
● XOR the output of the Exclusive –OR gate, is 0 when it’s two inputs are the same
and its output is 1 when its two inputs are different.
AND Operation:
Symbol Truth table
A B Q=A.B
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1

OR Operation:
Symbol Truth table
A B Q=A+B
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1

NOT Operation:
Symbol Truth table
A Q=Ā
0 1
1 0

NOR Operation:
Symbol Truth table
A B Q= +

0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0

NAND Operation:
Symbol Truth table
A B Q=
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

XOR Operation:
Symbol Truth table
A B Q=⊕=+

0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
Pin diagram:

1. IC 7408 AND gate

PIN diagram PIN description
PIN no. Function PIN no. Function
7 Ground 14 +Vcc
1,2 Input 3 Output
4,5 Input 6 Output
13,12 Input 11 Output
10,9 Input 8 Output

2. IC 7432 OR gate
PIN diagram PIN description
PIN no. Function PIN no. Function
7 Ground 14 +Vcc
1,2 Input 3 Output
4,5 Input 6 Output
13,12 Input 11 Output
10,9 Input 8 Output

3. IC 7404 NOT gate

PIN diagram PIN description
PIN no. Function PIN no. Function
7 Ground 14 +Vcc
1 Input 2 Output
3 Input 4 Output
5 Input 6 Output
13 Input 12 Output
11 Input 10 Output
9 Input 8 Output

4. IC 7400 NAND gate

PIN diagram PIN description
PIN no. Function PIN no. Function
7 Ground 14 +Vcc
1,2 Input 3 Output
4,5 Input 6 Output
13,12 Input 11 Output
10,9 Input 8 Output
5. IC 7402 NOR gate
PIN diagram PIN description
PIN no. Function PIN no. Function
7 Ground 14 +Vcc
2,3 Input 1 Output
5,6 Input 4 Output
11,12 Input 13 Output
8,9 Input 10 Output

6. IC 7486 XOR gate

PIN diagram PIN description
PIN no. Function PIN no. Function
7 Ground 14 +Vcc
1,2 Input 3 Output
4,5 Input 6 Output
13,12 Input 11 Output
10,9 Input 8 Output

FOR THE STUDENTS:

1. Please verify the truth tables of the following gates:
Gates Input Output
A B Q
0 0 0
AND 0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
A B Q
0 0 0
OR 0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
A B Q
NOT 0 1
1 0
A B Q
0 0 1
NAND 0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
NOR A B Q
 0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0
A B Q
0 0 0
XOR 0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

2. Answer the following questions:

2.1. A __________ gate gives the output as 1 only if all the inputs signals are 1.
☐ AND ☐ OR ☐ NOR ☐ Ex-OR

2.2. The Boolean expression of an NOR gate is _______

☐ A.B ☐ A+B ☐ ☐ +

2.3. The gate which is used to reverse the output obtained is _____
☐ AND ☐ OR ☐ NOR ☐ NOT

2.3. Which of the following gate will returns a 1 only if both the inputs are 0?
☐ AND ☐ NAND ☐ NOR ☐ EX-OR

2.4. The NOR gate is OR gate followed by ____________

☐ AND ☐ OR ☐ NOR ☐ NOT

2.5. The NAND gate is AND gate followed by ______________

☐ AND ☐ OR ☐ NOR ☐ NOT

2.6. In Boolean algebra, the bar sign (-) indicates ___________

☐ AND operation ☐ OR operation ☐ NOR operation ☐ NOT operation

2.7. What does an EXOR gate do?

☐ Give a high output when one or more of its inputs are high
☐ Give a high output when only one of its inputs are high
☐ Give a low output when one or more of its inputs are high
☐ Give a low output when only one of its inputs are high

2.8. Which of the following symbols represents a NOR gate?

 ☐ ☐

☐ ☐ None of the mentioned

2.9. Which one of the following truth tables represents the behavior a NAND gate?
☐
A B X
Low Low High
Low High High
High Low High
High High Low

☐
A B X
Low Low Low
Low High Low
High Low Low
High High High

☐
A B X
Low Low Low
Low High High
High Low High
High High High

☐
A B X
Low Low Low
Low High High
High Low High
High High Low

2.10. What does connecting together the inputs of AND and NOT gates do?
☐ Produce a NAND gate
☐ Produce and EXNOR gate
☐ Produce a NOT gate
☐ Damage the gate

2.11. How do you make a NOR gate out of an OR gate using inverters (NOT gates)?
☐ Invert the output from the AND gate
☐ Invert both the inputs to the AND gate
☐ Invert one of the inputs to the AND gate
☐ Invert both the inputs and output of the AND gate

2.12. Fill-up the truth table for the below logic gate connecting it as shown below
(Use simulation software: https://www.deldsim.com/simulator/ )-

PIN diagram PIN description

PIN no. Function PIN no. Function

7 Ground 14 Ground

1 Input A
3
Output A
2 Input B

A B X
Low Low error
Low High error
High Low error
High High error

2.13. Explain the above truth table in your word.

The whole output of the circuit will be error because pin number 14 is connected in a wrong
port. It should be connected in the +vcc port.

( The truth table illustrate the details of an OR operation where it is being noticed
that at least one high value gives the high output.)

2.14. What will happen if we connect a AND gate with two consecutive NOT gate?
(Use Simulation Software: https://www.deldsim.com/simulator/ )
NAND gate is generally known as the variation of AND and NOT gate. The actual
behavior of an NAND gate is same as an AND gate with a NOT gate connected to
the output terminal. That why, if we connect a AND gate with two consecutives NOT
gate then it is being noticed that the behavior will be same as AND gate.