GRAPHOLOGY

Acknowledgement
Special thanks to our respected professor, Sir Anjum Nisar Qureshi, who gave us the
opportunity to work on a topic that we always have wished. The topic is “Graphology”.
This topic helped us to know about different natures of humans through their hand
writing. The concepts of this topic were surprising for us too. Study of handwriting has
taught us multiple new things and we came to know that this is a complete field of
research. So we are really thankful to our professor to give us change to know about
this strange field of study.
This project will not only give us credit but it also has increased our knowledge and creative
skills.
A HUMBLE THANKS TO ALL THOSE WHO HELPED US

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Table of Contents
Acknowledgement ........................................................................................................................................ 1
Executive Summary....................................................................................................................................... 3
Graphology................................................................................................................................................ 3
Introduction ...............................................................................................................................3
History .......................................................................................................................................3
Graphology Timeline...................................................................................................................4
Graphology Timeline...................................................................................................................4
i. 1622 .................................................................................................................................................. 4
ii. Late 18th Century ............................................................................................................................. 4
iii. 1875 .................................................................................................................................................. 4
iv. 1895 .................................................................................................................................................. 4
v. 1920 .................................................................................................................................................. 4
vi. 1930 .................................................................................................................................................. 4
vii. 1949, 1950, 1953, 1954 ................................................................................................................ 5
viii. 1965 .............................................................................................................................................. 5
Types .........................................................................................................................................5
1. Size of Letters and words .....................................................................................................5
2. Slant ...................................................................................................................................6
3. Pressure ..............................................................................................................................6
4. Connections ........................................................................................................................7
5. Writing zone ..................................................................................................................... 11
6. Dotted i’s .......................................................................................................................... 14
7. Tall letter "t" ..................................................................................................................... 16
8. Line spacing ...................................................................................................................... 17
9. Signatures ......................................................................................................................... 20
Procedure ................................................................................................................................................... 21
Findings ....................................................................................................................................................... 22
Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................. 23
Recommendations ..................................................................................................................................... 24
References .................................................................................................................................................. 25

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Executive Summary
Graphology
Introduction
Graphology is the Study of handwriting and the study of written and printed symbols.
Graphology has been controversial for more than a century. Although supporters point
to the anecdotal evidence positive testimonials as a reason to use it for personality
evaluation, most empirical studies fail to show the validity claimed by its supporters.

History

Sumerian merchants were the first to codify their transactions in a recognizable script in
3000BC and the earliest understanding of an individual’s character from their handwriting goes
back to 500BC when Confucius warned

“Beware of a man whose writing sways like a reed in the wind”.

The Italians in the early 17th century were the founders of modern graphology – with activity
centered on the city of Bologna, home of the oldest university and where graphology is still
taught today. It is from Italy that graphology has become a recognized subject in the study of
human nature and identity all over the world.

In the 19th Century France played a major role in laying the foundations for the formal study of
graphology. The subject is now taught across the world in Europe, Israel, North and South
America, India and China.

Graphology first came to Britain in the 18th century when Gainsborough, among others, was
known to have analyzed handwriting, Rosa Baugh am published ‘Character Indicated by
Handwriting’ in 1871 and the Strand Magazine ran articles on the subject. Graphology was in
commercial use by the early 1900s while eminent refugee graphologists from Europe taught in
England before the Second World War. These included Dr Eric Singer, a pupil of Dr Ludwig
Klages, who was the father of modern graphology’.

From the 1930s a number of groups were formed to discuss the subject. In 1980 the USA
Library of Congress re-classified the subject of Analytical Graphology under three categories:
Diagnostic Graphology, Documentary Evidence and Selection of Personnel.

However it was not until a tremendous initiative by Frank Hilliger, a pupil of Dr Eric Singer that
the subject was put on a formal and professional basis in the UK.

Hilliger set about advertising to graphologists, inviting them to discuss the future of the
profession. At a meeting with 148 graphologists at the Victory Services Club in London on

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October 9, 1983, the British Institute of Graphologists was established and the first edition of
The Graphologist was produced later in the same year.

Graphology Timeline
Graphology Timeline

i. 1622

Italian doctor Camillo Baldi writes

“How to recognize from a letter the nature and quality of a writer”.

This is the first known printed publication on the study of handwriting.

ii. Late 18th Century

Gainsborough reputedly keeps his model’s handwriting on the easel whist painting
portraits.

iii. 1875

French abbot Jean Hyppolyte Michon coins the term “graphology”, from the Greek:
“graph” meaning ‘to write’ or ‘I write’, and ‘logos’ meaning ‘doctrine’ or ‘theory’.

iv. 1895

Wilhelm Preyer, child psychologist, says writing originates in the brain, not in the fingers
and that handwriting is actually brain writing.

v. 1920

Henry Grunfeld, the co-founder of SG Warburg, discovered someone was stealing petty
cash at his family firm in Germany. He enlisted the help of a handwriting expert, who
promptly identified the culprit. Applicants had to submit samples of handwriting before
being accepted for a position. Grunfeld remained convinced of the merits of graphology
until his death in 1999 at the age of 95.

“There is not one case in 60 years where the graphologist has said something that turns
out to be wrong”.

vi. 1930

Dr Ludwig Klages, widely regarded as the father of modern graphology, publishes the
influential ‘Handwriting and Character’.

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vii. 1949, 1950, 1953, 1954

Dr Eric Singer, an Austrian, living in England, publishes ‘Graphology and Everyman’;

‘The Graphologist’s Alphabet’; ‘Handwriting and Marriage’; ‘Personality in
Handwriting’.

viii. 1965

Francis T. Hilliger, (a student of Dr Eric Singer’s) sets up his company ‘Handwriting

Analysis Ltd’. His business encompasses personnel selection, tuition, graphotherapy
(which proposed that negative emotions can result in disease) and work at London’s
Old Bailey as an ‘expert witness’. He devises a method for assessing the degree of
any trait or characteristic in a sample of handwriting, setting the (first) standards for
student examination in the UK.

Types
1. Size of Letters and words
Some people use big letters in writing while others use small ones. You can determine if the
writing is big or small by relative comparison, for example if you write twelve words per line
while a friend of yours writes five words per line then his hand writing has bigger size than
yours.
1.1. Graphology and big letter size

Big letter size: the person who writes big letters is usually an extrovert, he may be a
confident , enthusiastic and a generous person.
It’s worthy to mention that if you were writing something you are sure of then the size
of your letters will become bigger and vice versa. This becomes very apparent in exams,
when you are sure of your answer you may write it using big letters while if you were
not sure of it you may write using smaller letters.

1.2. Graphology and small letter size

Small letter size: the person writing small letters is very good at concentration and has
got a great deal of precision. Hey may also be reserved or lacking self-confidence. Hey
mat not be as social as the person who writes using big letters.

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1.3. Graphology and variable letter size

Variable letter size: the person using variable letter sizes (letter sizes vary from big to
small within the same article) is usually a moody and unpredictable person.

2. Slant
The slant of the writing is the direction where the writing is tilted towards. The slant of
writing could be either to the left, to the right or vertical (no slant). You can easily recognize
the slant of the handwriting sample by drawing a vertical line on the paper and seeing to
what extent the letters deviate from that vertical line. In an ideal case the letters "L" and "T"
should be parallel to that vertical line with no angle between them. If there is an angle
between those letters and that vertical line then this person writes with a tilted slant.

2.1. Graphology and right slant

Right slant: the writer who has got a right slant is usually impulsive; he may take fast
decisions then regret them later. This writer may also be looking ahead; he may be
planning for the future and can’t wait for the time to pass.

2.2. Graphology left slant

Left slant: a writer with left slant may be a shy and a reserved person. He may not find
it that easy to deal with strangers. He also focuses more on the past events that happen
to him and he may have problems forgetting bad days in his life.

2.3. Graphology and uneven slant

In graphology whenever the writing becomes uneven then this means that the writer is
moody or at is least experiencing different moods while writing.

3. Pressure
What is meant by pen pressure here is the extent to which the writer pressurizes the paper
he is writing on. You may be wondering how to determine if the writer who wrote those
lines was using a heavy or a light pressure. The solution to this problem is simple, when
checking the papers below the one the writer was writing on you may find deep marks that

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resulted from excess pressure on the top paper. The more the number of lower papers that
have the pressure marks on them the grater the pressure that was used.

3.1. Graphology and heavy pressure

Heavy pressure: heavy pressure indicates that the writer has got a great deal of
energy. The energy mentioned here is not only physical energy but it may be mental
energy too. This type of person may keep fighting to the end until he gets what he
wants, he may also complete his tasks in spite of the difficulties that he faces and he
may like physical activities. It’s worthy to mention that a heavy pressure in writing may
show that the writer has a “Type A Personality”.

3.2. Graphology and light pressure

Light pressure: light pressure indicates that the writer have got less energy than the
writer writing with heavy pressure. This person may prefer activities that require less
physical work and he may also be a little sensitive. This person may also be more
flexible than a person who writes with heavy pressure and this may make him more
adaptable to changing situations. Light pressure is sometimes referred to as feminine
writing.

3.3. Moderate Pressure

In real life you aren't always going to find extremes. This means that you won’t be able
to classify the writing sample of people under the two major categories of light
pressure and heavy pressure. Instead you are going to find people who lie in between
or in other words you will find people who use moderate pressure in their writings.
Whenever you find someone falling in between two major writing styles you can
assume that he has balanced traits. For example if the extremes are extremely
stubborn and extremely flexible then this person will have a balanced personality that
is neither very flexible nor very stubborn.

4. Connections

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We will divide the individual letters into three zones to better understand how the writer
makes specific use of their mind (UZ), their emotions (MZ) and the physical elements in their
environment (LZ).

In the English alphabet, which is also used for most European languages, including French,
German and Italian, a part of every letter is found in the middle zone. The upper zone has six
bizonal letters: b, d, h, k, 1 and t. The lower zone has six bizonal letters: g, j, p, q, y and z. The
middle zone has thirteen single zone letters, the five vowels, a. e, i, o, u, plus c, m, n, r, s, v, w
and x. The letter "f" is the only trizonal letter in the alphabet.

Wherever you find extra emphasis of size, embellishment, width, simplicity, force or
meagerness, this is the zone the writer is expressing most strongly at that moment of writing.
This is why we need more than one sample of writing for a full, in-depth analysis; it eliminates a
"mood-of-the-moment" interpretation. In American schools, writing is usually first learned by
using the manuscript printed form. As the writer matures he learns the more sophisticated
method of joining letter forms called cursive writing.

The four most common connective forms are garlands, arcades, angles and thread. You will
learn to recognize each type of form and how to interpret its use within the writing. None of us
uses one connective exclusively. One form usually dominates and an another is secondary. The
other two forms of connectives may also be present to a lesser degree. Combinations of writing
form reveal the personality in each writing, but only in part. You still must take into
consideration the arrangement of the writing and the symbolism of margins, zones, spacing and
slant.

4.1. Garlands

The most common form of connective between letters is the cup shape of the garland,
curved at the bottom and open at the top. It can be found in all three zones, between
letters, within letters, even at the beginnings and endings of words.
The garland is a soft, easily stroked connective depicting the writer who is receptive,
compliant and easy going. He may be warm and sympathetic, empathetic and

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sentimental. He is open and responsive to the people and the environment around him.
The writer who uses many garlands is often said to be "people oriented". He feels
before he thinks.

4.2. Arcades

The speed and energy used by many writers often produces abrupt changes of
direction which create an angle at the baseline and sometimes at the top of the letter.
This sudden change of direction must also make a pause before the writing can
proceed. An angle interrupts smooth flow of thought and action, and an abrupt manner
is often the result. The writer who habitually uses angles is often analytical, tense and
self disciplined. He usually can see more than one approach to a problem and therefore
often has some degree of executive ability. He uses will power to direct and control his
actions

4.3. Threads

Thread is the least used of the connectives, and sometimes is the hardest to recognize.
There are three general types of thread.
A. THE THINNING OF THE STROKE ITSELF. You may need to use your magnifying glass
to be sure you are looking at thread. It looks like a piece of thread that has been broken
rather than cut cleanly. It "feathers" out with lessening pressure of the pen. Look for it
between letters at the end of a word, and especially in i dots and t crosses that are
made with speed.
Interpretation of Type 1 Thread indicates a writer who is in too much of a hurry to do a
precise bit of work. He may complete the essentials of a job, but he evades
responsibility by neglecting the finishing details. He loses interest quickly and goes on
to the next thing. Impatience is a part of this writer's personality.

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4.4. The diminishing size of letters within a word

As Type I think out the individual stroke, Type 2 thins down the letters in a word. When
a whole word or part of a word "threads" the first letters are larger than each
successive letter, and MZ size progressively diminishes in a regular pattern.
This type of thread is associated with a diplomatic personali-ty, one who is capable of
seeing the whole, broad picture of a situation. He elects to lessen the force of his
personality as he evaluates the situation, and he uses tact and diplomacy to do so. He
may even point out a different direction of thinking as his method of evading the
present crisis.

4.5. The sinuous strokes

This third type looks like a spool of unraveled thread. You can see the undulations of
the strand as it frees itself. This is a quick, fluid motion of writing combining alternate
garl. And arcade formations. It can be found in al 1 three zones but is most apparent in
the MZ. Paul uses it in the MZ and UZ.
Interpretation of Type 3 Thread shows a real evasion expert. The sinuous strokes of his
pen are as devious as the snake that slithers around obstacles. This writer seldom faces
an issue, but rather misdirects or eludes the reality with clever language, sleight of
hand or a downright refusal to face facts.

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5. Writing zone
There are three zones in handwriting.

An upper zone
A middle zone
A lower zone

Each zone is analyzed for particular characteristics for example a 't' with a high cross bar (in the
upper zone) indicates leadership and intelligence; an 'o' that is wide at the top shows a person
who is a talker and cannot keep a secret!

I. The letter A. a.

If the letter 'a' is well formed and easily read it means the writer has good communication
skills. When the letter 'a' is complex with curls, twists and knots then the more indirect the
writer is in their communication with other people.

II. The letter B.b.

This is the first two-zone letter in the alphabet. It contains an upper zone and a middle zone

The school book form of this letter teaches that the upper loop should be about twice the
height of the curved middle zone. The higher the upper loop the more idealistic the writer.
When the upper loop is also wide the writer is able to express their thoughts fluently. The
middle zone is read for gullibility. When the letter 'b' is closer to printed formation, the more
able the writer is to use imagination and originality.

III. The letter C.c.

A well-formed 'c' shows the writer is a good communicator. It also indicates that there would
be a healthy give and take in any relationship with this writer.

IV. The letter D.d.

The letter 'd' stem is checked primarily for height and the size of the loop. If the stem of the 'd'
is two times higher than the lower zone, whether it is looped or not, it shows an idealist. The
shorter the stem of the 'd' the more lacking in confidence the writer will be.

V. The letter E.e.

When the letter 'e' has a closed form it shows secretiveness. If its form is open it shows the
writer has a willingness to communicate with others.

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VI. The letter F.f.

This is the first letter in the alphabet to cover all three zones: upper, middle and lower. The
upper loop of 'f' stands for articulation, communication and idealism. The lower loop shows the
writer's physical drive.

VII. The letter G. g.

'G' is also a two-zone letter. It is written in the lower zone and the middle zone. If the lower
zone is formed with a straight line downward it shows the writer is independent and confident.

VIII. The letter H.h.

The letter 'h' is an upper and middle zone letter. A high wide upper loop indicates a love of
talking in the writer. If the hump on the 'h' is sharp it shows alertness and critical faculties.

IX. The letter I.i

An 'i' without a dot is a sign of absentmindedness. The dot that flies high above the 'i' shows
imagination. When the dot on the 'i' is made like a circle it shows an artistic personality.
However if the rest of the writing does not show artistic tendencies then the open dot usually
indicates a sign of affectation and pretense.

X. The letter J.j.

The letter 'j' can be read like the letter 'i' with regards to the dot above it. If the dot is missing
the writer is forgetful.

XI. The letter K.k.

The letter 'k' is one of the most complicated letters in the alphabet. The upper loop combines
with a middle zone formation. Only writers who are careful and interested in clarity will form
the letter 'k' accurately. The writer with a 'k' that looks like an 'h' wants to communicate but
tends to be impatient if the listener does not understand the writer at once.

XII. The letter L.l

This is one of the simpler letters of the alphabet. If the loop is high and narrow the writer is
idealistic. When the loop is wide and round the writer is a good talker.

XIII. The letters M.m. N.n.

If the 'm' or 'n' look like a 'u' or 'w' and the tops are pointed it indicates drive, intelligence and
alertness. These writers can also sometimes be brusque in their manner.

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XIV. The letter O.o.

The 'o' that is well formed and closed represents an honest person. The 'o' that is open at the
tops shows a person who is friendly and likes to talk

XV. The letter P.p.

A letter 'p' with a very short stem shows a writer who is a person that does not give easily. The
printed 'p' is a sign of intellect. A very large loop at the bottom of the 'p' shows a writer that
enjoys physical pleasures and activities.

XVI. The letter Q.q.

This is a two-zone letter. A straight upper loop shows intelligence. A looped lower loop shows
physical activity.

XVII. The letter R.r.

The letter 'r' that has no points shows the writer has no interest in matters that do not directly
concern them. The rounded 'r' shows an easygoing person who is not particularly observant.
The angular formation of the letter 'r' shows a person who has a sharp mind and is observant.

XVIII. The letter S.s.

The writer who has a tight closed 's' is secretive. A sharp pointed 's'
shows good communication skills, alertness and an inclination towards finances.

XIX. The letter T.t.

The letter 't' is very revealing to the graphologist as there are so many ways of writing the stem
and the cross bar. The 't' that looks like a star shows the writer has a strong sense of
responsibility. The cross bar that slants upwards shows ambition in the writer. A high cross bar
rising away from the stem to the right is an indication of leadership qualities and intelligence

XX. The letters U.u V.v..

These letters tell us of the writer's ability to communicate. If they are well formed and open
the writer is friendly and outgoing.

XXI. The letter W.w.

The letter 'w' written wide and open indicates an open personality.

XXII. The letter X.x.

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When the letter 'x' is printed it shows mental maturity of the writer. When the 'x' has a cross
stoke, made in reverse, going to the left, it indicates the writer is still resenting a past
occurrence.

XXIII. The letter Y.y

The lower loop of the 'y' shows the writer's physical orientation. A lower loop that is long and
narrow is a sign of materialism. A 'y' formed with no loops, just a straight line down shows
independence.

XXIV. The letter Z.z

A 'y' shaped 'z' shows an argumentative trait in the writer. If the letter is shaped like a '3' with
the end stroke extended to the left it shows an emotional tie to the mother.

This is just a brief insight into the meaning behind each letter.

6. Dotted i’s
i dots only appear in lower case i, so if you have a capital I in your name, the guidelines
below do not apply to that.
6.1. Dawn and creative i dots
Suggests that you need to stand out as being different. This is a very common stroke to find
the writing of teenage girls.

6.2. A jabbed, short, straight line

For an i dot is someone who is feeling rather restless or even irritated, or perhaps just
in always in a hurry.

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6.3. No i-dot
Where there is a lower case i is someone who does not pay due attention to detail.

6.4. An i-dot
which then continues as the lead in stroke for the next letter, shows intelligence and
creativity.

6.5. An i dot meticullously close

to the top of the lower case i is a writer who takes meticulous care of the smaller
details. Good for accountants, engineers etc, but can be a problem in more people
centered work.

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6.6. Lower case I in place of capital “i”

And lastly, a lower case “i” with or without a dot, used in place of a capital I (at the
beginning of a name, or as a middle initial) shows either genuine underestimation of
self, or trying to project an image of extreme modesty

6.7. Crossed t’s

The letter ”T” belongs to the upper zone of the alphabet, and it can be interpreted by the
strokes.

7. Tall letter "t"

If the main stroke of the letter ”t” is tall this means the writer is ambitious and has high
goals to achieve many things in life, but if the stroke is excessively high it can mean the
writer wants to achieve goals which are impossible to achieve, or unrealistic.

7.1. Loops on curves on the letter "t"

If the main stroke has a little loop or turning curve in the peak this reveals a person
who tries really hard to find imagination, but usually without any result.The bar
crossing on the "t" is low

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7.2. Crossbar above the stem on the letter "t"

If the crossbar is above the stroke, like it’s not a part of the letter. In this case, the
writer has set goals which cannot be achieved, whether because of the inability or the
lack of means to do it.

7.3. Letter “t” like a start

If letter ”T” is written in the shape of a star this means the person writing it is
responsible and knows how to take care of problems. Even though this letter says many
things about a person it is also important to realise that this letter can mean the
person. A word says more than one letter, so a better reading will be obtained by
combining the two.

8. Line spacing
Line spacing is one indicator of self-control. The amount of space left between one line and
the next establishes how well the writer recognizes the need for order in her environment
and how well she organizes her life. Because writing is a form of communication, clarity
should be a high priority. Someone who communicates clearly wants to make sure she is
properly understood by leaving a reasonable distance between the lines of writing.

Each line should be clear, with no loops hanging down to interfere with the next line. When
the lines are too close together, it’s like being in a crowd with someone whispering in your
ear. At the end of each line of writing, you must decide where you will place your pen to
begin the next line. If you are relaxed and know you have plenty of time, you may feel free
to use up more space. The writer who feels pressured for time is more likely to start writing
the new line closer to the previous one.

8.1. Clear Line Spacing

Clear line spacing indicates mental clarity and a sense of order. The person who leaves
moderate distances between the lines is able to plan ahead and organize her life and
time effectively. She knows the importance of contingency planning—that is, leaving
enough time and space in which to handle the various emergencies of daily life without
leaving herself in a pinch. When a writer feels free to leave ample white space between
the lines, it shows that she’s not afraid to use her environment to her advantage and
implies self-assurance. Clear line spacing demonstrates an ability to assimilate the
impressions and experiences one accumulates from day to day and to express them
appropriately. The writer is objective when dealing with a situation or problem, and
considers a variety of potential responses and how they might affect the outcome. She
reasons well and uses good old-fashioned horse sense to help her make decisions.

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8.2. Narrow Line Spacing

When the spacing between the lines of writing is narrow, the writer’s perspective
becomes somewhat impaired. It indicates an impulsive person who goes with her gut
reactions, rushing ahead too quickly without taking time to reason things out. A
subjective viewpoint allows her to see things only in terms of how she feels about them
and how they affect her, rather than keep the bigger picture in mind. Narrow line
spacing also tells us something about the writer’s spending habits. Jammed-together
writing suggests compulsive caution in spending. That’s a nice way of saying “cheap.”
Just how careful she is with her resources depends on how closely the writing is
packed. When there is little or no white space to be seen, one of several options will be
true:
 The writer has a “poverty consciousness,” which means she expects to be
poor, so fears spending.
 The writer is a stingy cheapskate.
 The writer is genuinely conscious of the need to use her resources very
carefully.

8.3. Crowded Line Spacing

The writer of extremely narrow, crowded line spacing is driven by impulse and lack of
ability for abstract thinking and objectivity. She may be more imaginative than one who
chooses wider line spacing. She’s certainly less interested in taking time to reason
things out than going with her instincts. She tends to live in the moment. Even in
speech, her words are more impulsive and less discreet, and she has plenty to say! The
trouble is, she doesn’t think far enough ahead to measure her words. She gets so
caught up in her own ideas that when the words come tumbling out, she isn’t always
clear and the meaning is obscured.

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8.4. Tangled Lines

When lines are written so close together that loops and/or parts of letters hang down
and collide with writing on the next line (or several lines), the writer suffers from a loss
of perspective. She’s too busy acting on her instincts and emotions to take the time to
keep things in their proper place. Thoughts and ideas, feelings and actions are all
jumbled together. Life with this type of person can get pretty chaotic. Continually
involving herself in situations that have nothing to do with her, she doesn’t always use
the best judgment and may allow her prejudices to overrule her common sense. She
may mean well, but you can’t always count on her to be where she said she would be,
when she was supposed to be there. That’s because she’s rushing around, trying to fit
in more activities than humanly possible! Her motto might be, “You only go around
once.” Don’t expect the tangled writer to listen if you try to offer constructive advice on
how to better organize her life, however. She simply doesn’t hear you. Oh, she may nod
and say, “M’hm,” but her eyes will be all over the room instead of on you. As always,
the whole picture will help you decide whether to interpret this characteristic positively
or negatively.

8.5. Moderately Wide Line Spacing

The writer who leaves wide spaces between the lines of writing has a logical, orderly
mind and a preference for keeping things clear. She is good at analyzing situations and
concepts, and always plans ahead. This is not someone who acts spontaneously or on
impulse. Her thinking is measured and orderly, and she considers the consequences
before acting. Her tastes tend to be elegant and refined, with a strong sense of
aesthetics, a love of beauty. She might be more at home at the Met than the local
wrestling arena. Whether or not they actually have money, some people who leave
wide spaces between their lines tend to be extravagant. They may feel less constrained
to hold on to their resources, so they spend more freely.

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8.6. Extremely Wide Line Spacing

Line spacing that is far too wide suggests someone who has lost the capacity to act
spontaneously. This person isn’t an active joiner. She stands back and observes rather
than participates. Permanently anxious, she feels isolated, separated from her fellow
human beings and the world at large. Don’t expect her to do anything on the spur of
the moment, because she quickly puts the kibosh on any spontaneous act. She wants
time to consider how any future action might affect her before making a move. This
might be the absent-minded professor who goes around with her head in the clouds,
forgetting to take a lunch break because she is too busy working out a formula in her
head. She tends to see things more in discrete pieces than as whole concepts or, to put
it another way, she sees only individual trees rather than the whole forest. She’s not
particularly considerate of other people, because she’s more concerned with
maintaining her own space.

9. Signatures

9.1. Size of the signature

The rule of thumb is this: the bigger the signature, the more gregarious and
outgoing the person. A smaller signature can be an indication that a person is: A
miser with money, emotions, or self, An introvert, Unassuming.

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Procedure
 We first brain storm to collect rough idea about the project.
 Then we put important points on paper to make record of them.
 Then we search web to know what exactly graphology is.
 Then we closely observe the definition and types of graphology.
 Then we start writing in proper sequence.
 First we write definition, history and then types of graphology.
 It takes us 4 days to search on our topic and then writing a proper report on it.

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Findings
We collected information from different sources like

 www.wikipedia.com
 British institute of graphology
 Friends
 www.Businessinsider.com
 www.witechoice.com
 www.atozhandwriting.com
 http://www.handwritingpro.com/examples.html

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Conclusion
Writing tells us about the personalities of humans. About the nature they have. Writing is a
complete topic of research it has a lot of variety in it, many people serve there whole life in
study of handwriting. Writing tells us either person in short tempered, immature, shy or either
he/she is mature, confident or cool person. Writing depicts our personality but only those who
have a great experience in graphology can understand your personality.

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Recommendations
People should use graphology to know about others personalities but we should not use this
knowledge to harm or hurt others. Graphology has been used to predict natures since
centuries, old men has preserved this knowledge to generations. We should also preserve this
knowledge which has been gathered by old men and we should convey this to our generations
with great sincerity.

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References
We collected information from different sources like

 www.wikipedia.com
 British institute of graphology
 Friends
 www.Businessinsider.com
 www.witechoice.com
 www.atozhandwriting.com
 http://www.handwritingpro.com/examples.html

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