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تبدیل مواد به مواد پایه آب
تبدیل مواد به مواد پایه آب
ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﮐﻠﯿﺪﯼ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﻤﺎ ﺪ... ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺁﺑﮑﺎﺭﯼ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﺎ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ
CONVERTING TO WATERBORNES
ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺁﺑﮑﺎﺭﯾﺮﺍﻥ 1399
ﺁﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﻣﻨﮕﻨﺰMn- phosphating Now manufacturers need to know how to convert ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎﺕ
their operations to use these new materials ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ.
ﺁﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﺑﺮﻧﺰ ﺳﻔﯿﺪ )ﺗﺮﯼ ﻣﮑﺲ(
efficiently. This means that they need to know what ﺍﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﭼﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﯼ
ﺁﺏ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﻧﯿﮑﻞ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻟﺲ,ﺁﻧﺪﺍﯾﺰ ,ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﻪ, application equipment is suitable and how best to ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭﯾﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﭘﺎﻻﺩﯾﻢ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺩﯾﻮﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ use it to apply waterbornes ﺷﻮﺩ
ﺁﺏ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﺳﺮﺏ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺏ-ﻗﻠﻊ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ A likely first question is “What is the best way to
ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ”?apply a waterborne material
ﺍﻭﻟﯿﻦ ﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﯽ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ "ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ
ﺁﺏ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﻧﯿﮑﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ The answer is “There is no best way.” The process
ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺏ ﭼﯿﺴﺖ؟ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ" :ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ".
that works best in a particular application with a
ﺁﺏ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﻗﻠﻊ ﻭ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﺮﺍﯾﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﯾﮏ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻼﻝ
solvent-based coating will usually continue to be the
ﺍﺳﺖ ،ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺁﺏ .ﭘﻮﯾﺎﯾﯽ
ﺁﺏ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﯼ ﻃﻼﻭ ﻣﺲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ best after converting the application to a waterborne
ﺩﺭﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﭘﻠﯿﮑﺎﺗﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ،ﺁﯾﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺣﺎﻭﯼ
coating. The dynamics of getting material from the
ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺣﻼﻝ ﯾﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺁﺏ ﺍﺱ
applicator to the part are similar whether the material
.contains mostly solvents or mostly water
ﺑﺎﻧﮏ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ -ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﯼ
ﻣﺸﺘﺮﯼ ATOMIZER SELECTION
ﺑﺎ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ،ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﯼ ﺩﻭﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮏ ﯾﮏ ﮔﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﺿﻌﯿﻒ the inside of the same box because the Faraday cage
ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﮐﺘﺐ ﺁﺑﮑﺎﺭﯼ
effect caused by the electrostatics and the walls of ﺍﺳﺘﺪﺭﻭﻥ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﯼ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ،ﺯﯾﺮﺍ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻗﻔﺲ ﻓﺎﺭﺍﺩﯼ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ
ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ the box would actually keep most of the paint out of ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮏ ﻭ ﺩﯾﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺭﻧﮓ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻧﮕﻪ
.the box ﻣﯽ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ .ﯾﮏ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ،ﯾﮏ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﯼ ﺧﻨﮏ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ
ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ
ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺍﺳﭙﺮﯼ ﺑﯽ ﻫﻮﺍﺯﯼ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻡ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﻧﮓ ﺑﻪ A better choice for the inside of the box would be an
ﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺁﺑﮑﺎﺭﯼ airless spray atomizer. Airless spray uses the ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺭﻧﮓ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ،ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯼ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮏ
ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ The point is that a manufacturer who has spent a lot
of time perfecting the
ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺁﺑﮑﺎﺭﯼ
coating application process for solvent-based ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺯﯾﺎﺩﯼ ﺭﺍ ﺻﺮﻑ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﺭ
ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ material should stick with that process when ﮐﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺮﺍﯾﻨﺪ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺣﻼﻝ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ
,converting to waterbornes ﺍﮔﺮ ﺁﺧﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﻦ ﺁﻭﺭﯼ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﺧﻮﺏ،ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺏ
ﺳﺎﯾﺖ ﻭ ﺍﭘﻠﯿﮑﺸﻦ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ . ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺍﺳﺖTE ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺏ
if the latest technology and good equipment are
ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ .already in place and good TE is being obtained
No, it doesn’t. Even though the basic application ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ،ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﻐ ﺮ ﻧﮑﻨﺪ
process may not change, some of the specific .ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﯾﻨﺪ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ
pieces of equipment used for that process may not ﻣﻬﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻡ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ.ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺧﺮﺍﺑﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ
attack aluminum. Even stainless-steel parts can be ﻓﻮﻻﺩ ﺯﻧﮓ ﺯﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﯿﻨﯿﻮﻡ ﺣﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪﺣﺘﯽ
damaged by some formulations. For example, 400 ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﯼ ﺿﺪ ﺯﻧﮓ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﻌﻀﯽ
series stainless steel can dissolve over time in ﻓﻮﻻﺩ ﺿﺪ ﺯﻧﮓ، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ.ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻻﺳﯿﻮﻥ ﺁﺳﯿﺐ ﺩﯾﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
.contact with a highly acidic formulation ﺳﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﯿﺪﯼ400
ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ316 ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﯼ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻮﻻﺩ ﺿﺪ ﺯﻧﮓ.ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
On the other hand, parts made from 316 stainless ﺑﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ،ﺍﻧﺪ
.steel hold up well with most waterbornes
.ﺍﻧﺪ
replaced when a system is converted to ﺍﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﯼ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ
and propel the atomized particles toward the part ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺗﻤﯽ ﺭﺍ،ﭼﺮﺧﺪﻧﺪﻩ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﯾﺴﮏ ﻫﺎ
.being coated ﺑﺎ.ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ ﭘﺮﺗﺎﺏ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ
ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺫﺭﺍﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺪﻑ،ﺍﯾﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎ
With these devices, all the particles that are not ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ. ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ،ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﻤﯽ ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ
aimed directly at the part will miss it and be wasted.
ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﯽ ﯾﺎﺑﻨﺪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩTE ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﺮﺳﻨﺪ ﻭ
The waste can be minimized and TE improved if the ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻄﺐ
atomized coating material is given an electrical ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ
charge that is opposite in polarity to the charge on
.the part being coated
is ﻧﻤﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﻣﮕﺮ ﺍﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﺮﻃﻮﺏ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮﻩ
.ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
.isolated from potential grounds
SYSTEM ISOLATION
Waterborne systems are commonly isolated in one ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺩﺭ ﯾﮑﯽWaterborne ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﯾﺰﻭﻟﻪﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ
of three ways. (1) Complete isolation of all ( ﺍﻧﺰﻭﺍ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ1) .ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ
equipment that contacts wet coating material. (2) ( ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺩ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ2) .ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﺮﻃﻮﺏ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺑﮕﯿﺮﯾﺪ
Isolation of the charging electrode from the wet ( ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﯼ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻠﻨﮓ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ3) .ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﺮﻃﻮﺏ
coating material. (3) Isolation of only the atomizer ﻫﺮ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﻣﺰﺍﯾﺎ ﻭ.ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﯾﮏ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻧﺴﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ
and its feed hose by using a voltage blocking device. .ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺐ ﺍﺳﺖ
.Each method has advantages and disadvantages
Complete Isolation
The advantage of completely isolating the entire ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺰﯾﺖ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ
application system is that the ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺭﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮏ
ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦTE ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ،ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﮐﺮﺩ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ ﺁﻣﯿﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
coating material can be directly charged with
ﺩﻗﯿﻖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽTE .ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ
.electrostatic voltage
،ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﯾﮏ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﯾﺪ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ
If isolation is successful, the resulting TE will be the ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻬﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ، ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ،ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺧﻂ
highest possible for the specific application. The .ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺣﻼﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ
exact TE that can be achieved in a specific
application depends on the part geometry, line
speed, application equipment, and other factors, the
same
set on a plastic table or hung from a plastic rod or ﺑﯿﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺭﻭﯼ ﯾﮏ ﻣﯿﺰ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﯿﺮﺩ ﯾﺎ ﺍﺯ ﯾﮏ ﻣﯿﻠﻪ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮑﯽ
Air has some advantages over plastic as an isolator ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﻀﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﺍﯾﺎﯼ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﯾﮏ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
for an electrostatic system. A paint spill down a ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮏ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ
plastic table leg can make it conductive. Humidity in
a thick coating of dust on a plastic pipe can make it ﺭﻃﻮﺑﺖ.ﺭﻧﮓ ﭘﺎﺷﻨﻪ ﭘﺎﯼ ﻣﯿﺰ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻫﺪﺍﯾﺖ ﮐﻨﺪ
ﺩﺭ ﯾﮏ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺿﺨﯿﻢ ﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻏﺒﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﯾﮏ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ
conductive. The disadvantage of air as an isolator is
that it is an easily penetrated barrier between a ﻧﺎﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﯾﮏ ﺟﺪﺍﺳﺎﺯ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﯾﻦ.ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻫﺪﺍﯾﺖ ﮐﻨﺪ
charged part and a grounded part — too easily ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺁﻥ ﯾﮏ ﺳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﯽ ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﯾﮏ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﻭ
penetrated by personnel or by loose hoses or other ﯾﮏ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺯﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﯾﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﻠﻨﮓ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﻞ
and a system that big is dangerous.” Trying to define " ﺗﻼﺵ. ﻭ ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﮎ ﺍﺳﺖ،ﮐﻮﭼﮏ ﺍﯾﻤﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ
a safe electrical shock is like trying to define a safe ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﯾﮏ ﺷﻮﮎ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﺍﯾﻤﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺗﻌ ﻦ ﯾﮏ
For example, a shock itself might only be annoying, ﺍﻣﺎ، ﺷﻮﮎ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺁﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ،ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ
but the victim might be so startled by it that it results ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺎ ﺍﻣﯿﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﯾﮏ
in a bump on the head or an injury in some other .ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺳﺮ ﻭ ﯾﺎ ﺁﺳﯿﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ
.way
Unfortunately, no regulations directly applicable to ﻫﯿﭻ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺣﻤﻞ،ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ
electrically charged waterborne systems are .ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ
available
than the value of CMAX if there is a possibility of ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﻭﺟﻮﺩCMAX ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
accidental human contact, which could result in an ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻮﮎ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ
.electrical shock
ﺍﮔﺮ ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺭﻧﮓ ﺁﻣﯿﺰﯼ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮏ،ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ
For example, if a 100,000-V electrostatic paint system ﺑﺮﺍﯼ، ﺑﺎﺷﺪG700 ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﯾﮏ ﭘﯿﮑﻮ ﻓﺎﺭﺍﺩ ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺧﺎﺯﻧﯽV-100،000
has a capacitance G700 Pico farads, caging and ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺍﭘﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻗﻔﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﻗﻔﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ
interlocks should be considered for operator
.protection
For comparison purposes, a single 55-gal. drum and
200 ft of 3/8-in. inner . ﺍﯾﻨﭻ3/8 ﻓﻮﺕ200 ﺩﺭﺍﻡ ﻭ. ﺗﻨﻬﺎgal-55 ﯾﮏ،ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﻘﺎﺻﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ
ﻣﯿﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ، ﻋﺪﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺯﻣﯿﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ12 ﺗﻤﺎﻡ،ﺩﺭﻭﻧﯽ ﺷﻠﻨﮓ ﻗﻄﺮ
diameter hose, all set 12 in. above a ground, can have . ﻋﺪﺩ ﺧﺎﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ900 ﺗﺎ450 ﺑﯿﻦ
.between 450 and 900 picofarads of capacitance
ﺍﯾﻦ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺭﻧﮓ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ
This means that a typical paint system, which has ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺧﺎﺯﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻣﯽ،ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯼ ﺍﺳﺖ
much more hardware, would almost certainly exceed ﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮﻩ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﮎ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﯼ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺫﺧﯿﺮﻩ
the maximum capacitance value and could store
.ﮐﻨﺪ
.potentially dangerous levels of electrical energy
This means that a given system at 100,000 V will store .ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﺳﺖ
.four times the energy that it would at 50,000 V V 100000 ﺍﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ
At the lower voltage, not only will the system be ﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺫﺧﯿﺮﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﮐﺮﺩ50،000 ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ
safer, but guns and cables will last much longer ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺍﺳﻠﺤﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻭ، ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻣﻦ ﺗﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ،ﺩﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﭘﺎ ﻦ
before breaking down electrically. Perhaps an even ﮐﺎﺑﻞ ﻫﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻦ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﺗﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ
more compelling reason for lowering the voltage is
.to maximize TE
Since all the atomizers in a waterborne system are ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﯼ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺑﺒﻪ
connected electrically by their fluid hoses, the ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ،ﻭﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﺷﻠﻨﮓ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺎﯾﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
ﯾﮏ ﺗﻔﻨﮓ ﺳﺎﭼﻤﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰﺭ ﺩﯾﮕﺮﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ
voltage remains “on” to an idle handgun as long as it
.is “on” to any atomizer in the system ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻫﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﻣﯽ
.ﻣﺎﻧﺪ
This means that a handgun cannot be used with ﺍﯾﻦ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺗﻔﻨﮓ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ
electrostatics if there are other atomizers in the ﺗﻔﻨﮓ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮏ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ،ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
system, and without electrostatics it is impossible
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﯿﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮏ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ
to achieve the maximum TE TE
caged and equipped with interlocks to prevent ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻤﯽ ﻧﯿﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻔﻞ،ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﭘﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭ
access while the system is operating. Unfortunately, ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻔﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ
this means that even minor maintenance to the ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺑﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ.ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ
equipment is impossible while any part of the ﺣﺘﯽ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺟﺰﺋﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ
system is operating at high voltage because all the ﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﺯﯾﺮﺍ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ
equipment is ﺍﯾﻦ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ.ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﻠﻨﮓ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺎﯾﻊ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ
electrically connected by the fluid hoses. This is ﺩﻟﯿﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﯾﮏ ﺗﻔﻨﮓ ﺩﺳﺘﯽ ﻣﯿﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ
also why only one handgun can be permitted in a ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
Indirect Charging
ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ
Indirect charging avoids many of the problems of
ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺕ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ
completely isolated systems, but at a price. Indirect
ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ. ﺟﺰ ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ،ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮﯼ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ
charging systems charge the coating material
ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﺎﺯﻝ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰﺭ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ
between the nozzle of the atomizer and the part,
. ﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰﺭ،ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ
.rather than at the atomizer
.atomizer
On the other hand, any charge inadvertently imparted .ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ
to the application system drains away harmlessly to ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﺭ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﺎﺭﯼ،ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﯼ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ
ground because the system is not isolated from ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺑﯽ ﺿﺮﺭ ﺯﻣﯿﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﭘﯿﺪﺍ ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﯿﻦ،ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﭘﯿﺪﺍ ﮐﻨﺪ
.ground ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ.ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ﺯﯾﺮﺍ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﯿﻦ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ
In fact these systems can, and should, be ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺫﺧﯿﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﯼ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ
.electrical energy
electrostatic system so any electrical hazard is ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﯾﻦ ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ.ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮏ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ
Voltage Blocks
Voltage blocks are devices that allow coating ﺑﻠﻮﮎ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ
material to pass through to the ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺁﻥ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ
atomizer but prevent voltage from leaking back the .ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ
.other way
ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺯﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﯾﺎ ﺁﺷﭙﺰﺧﺎﻧﻪ
They allow coating material to flow from the .ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ
.grounded pumps or kitchen to charged atomizers
Each handgun is independently isolated from every ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﯼ ﮐﻪ،ﺍﯼ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﺗﻔﻨﮓ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ
other handgun so the voltage to idled guns can be .ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺗﻔﻨﮓ ﺧﺎﻟﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﻮﺩ
”.turned “off
This is because the high-voltage cables last longer ﺍﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎﯼ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﯽ ﮐﺸﺪ ﮐﻪ
when they don’t get flexed over and over by the .ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺍﺳﻠﺤﻪ ﯾﺎ ﺭﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﭘﺎ ﻦ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ
any atomizer in the system can be shut down and ﻫﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻭ،ﺑﻠﻮﮎ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ
repaired or changed out, even though the other ﺣﺘﯽ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﺳﭙﺮﯼ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﺎﻻ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﯽ،ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮ ﻭ ﯾﺎ ﺗﻐ ﺮ
access to production application equipment is ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﯼ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ
comparable between a voltage-blocked waterborne ﺑﯿﻦ ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺁﺑﮕﯿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ
system and the solvent-based coating material .ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻼﻝ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ
.system it replaces
CONCLUSION
ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮﯼ
An often-unstated goal when converting a coating
application system to waterbornes is to disrupt “the ﯾﮏ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﻧﺎﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﯼ
way it’s done now” as little as possible, particularly if ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ "ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﺍﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ
the existing system has good equipment and is ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ،ﺷﻮﺩ" ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ
.performing well ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺏ ﻋﻤﻞ ﮐﻨﺪ
That goal is not out of reach because the existing ﺯﯾﺮﺍ ﻓﺮﺁﯾﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭﯼ ﺍﺯ،ﺍﯾﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ
process, and much of the existing equipment, can . ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ،ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ
.often be used for waterbornes
The remaining equipment and distribution system ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺯﯾﻊ ﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
can be reused unless made of materials that will ﻣﮕﺮ ﺍﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩﯼ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺁﺏ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ،ﮐﺮﺩ
corrode in waterbornes or be damaged by exposure .ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﯾﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﯿﺮﺩ
.to them
To get high TE, electrostatics must operate at peak ﺍﻣﺎ،ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮏ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ
efficiency. This means directly charging the material .ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﺭﮊ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ
Because system capacitance, or the capacity to ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﮐﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺧﺎﺯﻧﯽ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﯾﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺫﺧﯿﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﯼ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ
’”store electrical energy, can be controlled to “safe ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺭﺳﯿﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ "ﺍﯾﻤﻦ" ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﻮﺩ ،ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ
levels, safety issues with the converted systems are ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻉ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ.
not prohibitive
In other words, a voltage-blocked waterborne system ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ ،ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺏ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ
is as close as possible to the solvent-based material ﺣﺪ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻼﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﯼ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ
system it replaces with a coating material that ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺭﺍ ﻫﺪﺍﯾﺖ ﮐﻨﺪ
.conducts electricity ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ.
.1ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺁﯾﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ )Reuse the existing process and hardware if it is up (1
ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺣﻼﻝ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ .ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ to date and performing well for the existing solvent-
based system. Change components where materials ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺑﻬﺎ ﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭﯼ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺟﺰﺍ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐ ﺮ ﺩﻫﯿﺪ.
.are not compatible with waterbornes
)Lower the voltage to maximize TE, extend (3 .3ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻥ ،TEﺍﻓﺰﺍﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ
.equipment life, and reduce shock hazard ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺷﻮﮎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﯿﺪ
)Take advantage of the fact that waterbornes (4 ) (4ﺍﺯ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﺰﯾﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺑﻬﺎ ﺟﺮﯾﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﺴﯿﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻣﯽ
ﺩﻫﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﻨﯿﺪ.ﮐﺎﺑﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮏ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰﺭﻫﺎ ﺟﺪﺍ ﮐﻨﯿﺪ conduct electricity. Remove the electrostatic cables
ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻠﻮﮎ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﮐﻨﯿﺪ .ﮐﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻠﺤﻪ from the atomizers and charge at the voltage blocks.
.Cables will last longer and the guns will move easier ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﺗﺮ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﺮﺩ.
ﺗﯿﺮ 9 7
:Tagsﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺁﺏ ,ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺁﺑﯽ ,ﺍﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺁﺑﯽ
:Rating
TWITTER FACEBOOK
ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ،ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﯼ :ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﯼ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺒﯿﻦ ﺟﻼﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺍﻥ ﭘﺮﺷﯿﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺫﮐﺮ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺑﻼﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺍﺳﺖ.