ANSWER SHEET DAY 2

Topic Title: Dehydration & Clearing

NAME OF INTERN: ANTONIO, MARIAN GAYLLE M. DATE SUBMITTED: 11-15-2021

SECTION: BSMT-4A TIME SUBMITTED: 10:00PM

ADVISER’S NAME: MR. BERNARDINO HAGOSOJOS SCORE:

CASE PRESENTATION 1: Cells present homogenous appearance, with no nuclear detail

and poorly stained. Thus, section seem washed-out and hairline cracks was seen.
 CAUSES
1. It is possible that the tissue sample was
processed alongside larger specimens
2. It is possible that the tissue sample has
been overly dehydrated. The washed out
look and hairline cracks are seen if the
dehydrating solution has been left in the
tissue sample for too long.
3. It is possible that the tissue sample was
processed for an extended amount of
time, resulting in poor staining and
decreased detailed nuclear tissue imaging.
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
1.  Smaller tissue should be processed
independently from the larger tissue
specimens
2. To keep tissues from becoming overly
dehydrated, reducing the amount of time
tissue is in contact with the dehydrating
solution is recommended.
4. The tissue sample should be processed in a
shorter duration of time.
CASE PRESENTATION #2: A gastrointestinal biopsy showing a marked lack of clarity and
cellular detail.
 CAUSES POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

1. Lack of paraffin penetration and 1. Make sure the paraffin is regularly changed

excessive clearing agent in the in order to avoid carryover of fixation or
paraffin can be a cause of the contamination.
decreased imaging details.

2. Excessive heat can possibly cause loss of 2. Make sure that solutions are kept as cold
cellular details and clarity as possible and ensure that only paraffin
is heated and nothing else.

3. The significant lack of clarity and cellular 3. Ensure that no excess fixative or alcohol

detail is possibly due to the presence of droplet are present that may condense on
residual water and fixative solutions left  the lid of the processor and drop into the
in the tissue sample.  chamber. Always wipe any residual
solutions. 

References

Carson, F. L. (n.d). Fixation and processing. Histologic Fixation and Processing. Retrieved from
https://webapps.cap.org/apps/docs/store/PUB123_Histologic_Sample.pdf Srinivasan, M.,
Sedmak, D.
Jewell, S. (2002 December). Effect of fixatives and tissue processing on the content and integrity of
nucleic acids. The American Journal of Pathology, 161(6), 1961– 1971.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64472-0