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Conduct Crime Scene Investigation

T o p ic : C o n d u c t C rim e S c e n e In ve s tig a tio n

S u b – to p ic : P ro c e d u re s in th e in ve s tig a tio n o f H e in o u s
a n d S e n s a tio n a l C rim e s

Welcome Notes:

W E L C O M E C R IM IN O L O G Y S T U D E N T S

I. IN T R O D U C T IO N :
“The wicked flee when no man pursueth; but the righteous are bold as a
lion.” -Proverbs 28:1
II. O B J E C T IV E S :

At the end of the module, you should be able to;

a. Define motu proprio
b. Identify the Specific Functions, Responsibilities and Procedures of the First Responder, Investigation-
On-Case (IOC) and SOCO;
c. Determine the operational procedures for pertaining to investigations of all heinous/sensational crimes.

III. P R E L IM IN A R Y A C T IV IT IE S :

Before you proceed to the main lesson, test yourself in this activity.

Directions: Encircle the words that describes the picture

Tape Line Crime

Authorized Investigation

Evidence Law

Document Location

G R E A T !!!
You may now proceed to the main lesson.
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IV . L E S S O N P R O P E R

Based on the preliminary activity, what did you notice about the
image?
__________________________________________________
C O N G R A T U L A T IO N S !

RULE 22. CONDUCT OF CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION

The Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) starts from the arrival of the PNP First Responders (FRs) to the
arrival of the Duty Investigator/ IOC and the SOCO Team until the lifting of the security cordon and
release of the crime scene. (Standard Operating Procedure No. ODIDM-2011-008 “Conduct of Crime
Scene Investigation)
MOTU PROPRIO
It is Latin for “of his own motion”. What this means is that the person/s concerned (particularly those
holding public offices), shall undertake acts to uphold and to help enforce and implement the law of the
land, WITHOUT need of ANY request or order (official or otherwise) for him/ her to do so i.e. as it is
already his/their SWORN DUTY to uphold and to help implement/ enforce a law.
22.1 Specific Functions, Responsibilities and Procedures of the First Responder, Investigation-On-
Case (IOC) and SOCO
The following are the functions and responsibilities of the investigators during the crime scene
investigation, as well as the procedures to be observed:
First Responder (FR)
1. The first Police Officers to arrive at the crime scene are the FRs who were dispatched by the local
police station/unit concerned after receipt of incident/flash/ alarm report;
2. Immediately, the FR shall conduct a preliminary evaluation of the crime scene. This evaluation should
include the scope of the incident, emergency services required, scene safety concerns, administration
of life-saving measures, and establishment of security and control of the scene;
3. The FR is mandated to save and preserve life by giving the necessary first-aid measures to the
injured and their medical evacuation as necessary. The FR shall likewise secure and preserve the
crime scene by cordoning off the area to prevent unauthorized entry of persons;
4. The FR shall take the dying declaration of severely injured person/s, if any. Requisites of a “Dying
Declaration” are:
a. That death is imminent and the declarant is conscious of that fact;
b. That the declaration refers to the cause and surrounding circumstances of such death;
c. That the declaration relates to facts which the victim is competent to testify to; an
d. That the declaration is offered in a case where in the declarant’s death is the subject of the
inquiry. (Annex “R” – Dying Declaration)
5. The FR shall make the initial assessment on whether a crime has actually been committed and shall
conduct the preliminary interview of witnesses to determine what and how the crime was committed;
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6. If and when there is a suspect present in the area, the first responder shall arrest, detain and remove
the suspect from the area;
7. The FR, upon the arrival of the IOC, shall turn-over the crime scene to the duty investigator/IOC after
the former has briefed the investigator of the situation. The FR shall prepare and submit the CSI Form
“1” - First Responders Report to the IOC and be prepared to assist the IOC in the investigation (Annex
“S”- First Responder’s Form); and
8. The FR shall stay in the crime scene to assist the IOC in the maintenance of security, crowd control,
and preservation of evidence and custody of witness/suspect until such time the investigation is
completed and temporarily turned over to the local Chief of Police (COP) for the continuance of crime
scene security.
Investigator-on-Case (IOC) /Duty Investigator
1. Upon arrival at the crime scene, the IOC shall request for a briefing from the FR and make a quick
assessment of the crime;
2. At this stage, the IOC shall assume full responsibility over the crime scene and shall conduct a
thorough assessment of the scene and inquiry into the incident. If necessary the IOC may conduct
crime scene search outside the area where the incident happened, employing any of the various
search methods;
3. Based on the assessment, if the IOC determines that a SOCO team is required, he shall report the
matter to his COP and request for a SOCO, otherwise, the IOC shall proceed with the CSI without the
SOCO team and shall utilize CSI Form “4” (Annex “T”- SOCO Report Forms
4. The IOC may by himself if the situation so demands, conduct CSI if, there is no Provincial Crime
Laboratory Office/Regional Crime Laboratory Office in the province. The IOC must, however, ensure
that the correct procedures in the collection of evidence are observed to ensure the admissibility of
the evidence;
5. The Police Station Operation Center, upon directive of the COP, shall make the request for the SOCO
team through the Provincial/City Operations Center;
6. It shall be the responsibility of the Provincial/City Operations Center to facilitate the request for the
SOCO Team;
7. Upon the arrival of the SOCO Team, the IOC shall accomplish CSI Form “2” and submit the same to
the SOCO Team Leader. The SOCO team shall not enter the crime scene unless the IOC makes the
official written request wherein he assures the SOCO team of his presence and support (Annex “U”-
Request for the Conduct of SOCO); and
8. The IOC shall brief the SOCO Team upon their arrival at the crime scene and shall jointly conduct the
preliminary crime scene survey.
SOCO Team
1. The SOCO Team shall not join any operations conducted by the local police or accompany the FRs or
the IOC in going to the crime scene. They will only respond upon request through the Operations
Center and after the IOC has already made the proper assessment of the crime scene
2. Upon receipt of the Request for Conduct of SOCO, the SOCO Team shall then conduct the scene of
the crime operations which include among others the narrative description of the crime scene,
photography, videography, crime scene search, crime scene sketch, crime scene location sketch,
physical evidence recording and collection, and other procedures necessary;
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22.2 Release of the Crime Scene
1. The IOC shall decide on the lifting of the security cordon and the release of the crime scene upon
consultation with the SOCO Team Leader and he shall be responsible in ensuring that all pieces of
potential evidence have been collected by the SOCO Team as any re-entry into the crime scene after
its release to the owner will require a Search Warrant issued by the Court;
“MOTU PROPRIO”
It is Latin for “of his own motion”. What this means is that the person/s concerned (particularly those
holding public offices), shall undertake acts to uphold and to help enforce and implement the law of the
land, without need of any request or order (official or otherwise) for him/ her to do so i.e. As it is already
his/their sworn duty to uphold and to help implement/ enforce a law.
22.3 Crime Scene Investigation
22.4 Special SOCO Procedures
In cases where the evidence gathered needs special processing due to significant or sensational
cases, the specialists from the Crime Laboratory shall be requested.
22.5 Duties of the Territorial Police Unit
1. Provide assistance in the evacuation of the injured persons to the nearest hospital;
22.6 Policy Guidelines on Processing of Persons Present at the Crime Scene
These policy guidelines prescribe the operational procedures in processing and handling persons
present at the crime scene; be they the suspects, victims or witnesses. The aim is to clearly define police
courses of actions in dealing with persons who, for any reason and personal circumstance, are at the crime
scene during the conduct of police operation.
a. Crisis Management
Considering the instability of the situation; the safety of the responders and persons found at the scene
of the crime; and the preservation of the place of incident, the venue of the processing, debriefing and
investigation shall be at a neutral and secured place.
b. Hostage Negotiation
1. The following procedure shall be followed during a Hostage Situation
2. Crisis Management Task Group shall be activated immediately;
3. Incident scene shall be secured and isolated;
4. Unauthorized persons shall not be allowed entry and exit to the incident scene; and
5. Witnesses’ names, addresses, and other information shall be recorded. Witnesses shall be directed to
a safe location.
RULE 23. PROCEDURES IN THE INVESTIGATION OF HEINOUS AND SENSATIONAL CRIMES
The SITGs (Special Investigation Task Group) shall spearhead and coordinate the investigative and
prosecutorial efforts of the PNP to facilitate the speedy resolution and successful prosecution of heinous/
sensational cases to include the conviction of the perpetrators.
(PNPM-DIDM-DS-9-2 Field Manual on Investigation of Crimes of Violence and other Crimes)
23.1 Policies
1. Institutionalization of Command Responsibility at all levels of the organization shall be highly
observed. As such, the respective Commanders/Supervisors in whose areas of jurisdiction the
heinous/sensational crimes transpired are expected to personally and effectively manage their SITGs
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by closely monitoring, supervising, directing, coordinating, and controlling the overall activities of their
subordinates. Hence, SITGs shall be created as follows:
1.1 Composition and Organization of SITG:
a. Regional Level (To investigate killings and violence committed against Senators, Congressmen,
Governors, Cabinet Secretaries, Undersecretaries, and SC and CA Justices):

SITG Supervisor Regional Director

SITG Comdr DRDO

Asst Comdr DD/PD or CD, CPO

Spokesperson Regional PIO

Members RCIDU

Regional Intelligence Division

Regional Legal Office

Regional Crime Laboratory

COP, CPS/MPS/Station Comdr

RIDMD

Investigator on Case

b. PPO/District/CPO Level (Killings and violence committed against Vice Governors, Provincial
Board Members, Mayors, Vice Mayors, Judges, Prosecutors & IBP lawyers, militants, media
practitioners, foreign nationals)

SITG Supervisor Deputy Regional Director for

Operations (DRDO)
SITG Comdr DD, PD/PF, PPO/CD, CPO
Asst Comdr PO/Field Officer, CIDT
Spokesperson PIO (District/PPO/CPO)
Members Provincial/City Legal Service
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Provincial/City Intelligence
Section
Provincial Crime Lab
RIO
PIDMB/CIDMB
Investogator on Case

Chief of Police

23.2 Organizational Procedures

1. Whenever a serious crime is committed, the concerned Chief of Police (COP) or Station Commander
shall immediately assess the situation and communicate to the DD/PD/CD the attendant circumstances
and its updates which will be the basis of the DD/PD/CD for recommending to the RD whether or not
there is a need to activate the SITG.
23.3 Operational Procedures
The following are the operational procedures to be undertaken by the SITG pertaining to
investigations of all heinous/sensational crimes:
1. Investigation starts from the arrival of the First Responder on the ground who shall perform important
tasks as enumerated in Rule 22.1a;
2. Aside from the usual investigative procedures, the SITG shall immediately validate and confirm the
affiliations of the victims, issue press releases on a regular basis and establish an On-Scene Command
Post (OSCP) by putting up a tent or similar structures or deploying a Mobile Investigation Van (if
available) at/or near the crime scene. The SITG Commander or his deputy who is also a member of the
SITG must be present/available in the OSCP at all times;
3. The OSCP shall be maintained for as long as necessary and shall only be deactivated or transferred
with the clearance and approval of the Regional Director;
4. The OSCP shall be utilized by the SITG to conduct on-scene or on-the-ground investigation. The tent
or van of the OSCP shall be marked appropriately as “PNP On-Scene Command Post” and shall also
be posted with the mobile Phone or contact numbers of the SITG Commander, Assistant Commander
and the Investigator-On-Case;
5. The Police Station which has jurisdiction over the area shall be utilized as alternate OSCP of the SITG;
Follow-up actions and efforts must be undertaken to:
a. Give special focus to ascertaining/establishing motive;
b. Effectively conduct profiling of victims, suspects and witnesses;
c. Proficiently link/matrix analysis and exploit evidence information; and
d. Hold paramount the convenience of witnesses when extracting their Statement or affidavit.
6. Upon the creation of a SITG, a “Case Investigation Plan” must be made to serve as operating
guidelines in the conduct of investigation of heinous and sensational cases. This will include the journal
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of the case which pertains to the daily progress on what has been done and accomplished in the
investigation of the case, to include the minutes of case conferences and coordination with other
offices/units. This will also be the basis of funding the SITGs activities.

7. The CPNP may direct/task any operational support unit of the PNP to assist in the investigation.
Likewise, he may also order the reorganization of the SITG as he deems it necessary.

8. The SITG shall be deactivated upon the solution of the particular case being investigated.

9. Every SITG shall have six (6) months to resolve a case from the time it takes cognizance of the said
case.
Visit this site https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4E4ETbFq1BM for additional information

We had just finished the discussion on Conducting Crime Scene

Investigation. Let’s move on to the next higher level of activity/ies
or exercise/s that demonstrate your potential skills/knowledge of
what you have learned.
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V . A N A L Y S IS , A P P L IC A T IO N A N D E X P L O R A T IO N

ACTIVITY 1

Name: ______________________________ Year & Section: __________________

Directions: Identify whose function and responsibilities are stated below. Write FR for First Responder, for
IOC Investigation-On-Case and SOCO for SOCO team.

1. Upon arrival at the crime scene, the __________________ shall request for a briefing and make a
quick assessment of the crime.

2. If and when there is a suspect present in the area, the _________________ shall arrest, detain
and remove the suspect from the area.

3. The __________________ shall make the initial assessment on whether a crime has actually been
committed and shall conduct the preliminary interview of witnesses to determine what and how the
crime was committed.

4. The __________________ shall brief the SOCO Team upon their arrival at the crime scene and
shall jointly conduct the preliminary crime scene survey.

5. ___________________ will only respond upon request through the Operations Center and after
the IOC has already made the proper assessment of the crime scene.
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ACTIVITY 2

Name: ______________________________ Year & Section: __________________

Directions: Complete the sentences to determine the operational procedures for pertaining to investigations
of all heinous/sensational crimes. Choose from the choices below.

Regional Directors
First Responder
Conduct case reviews
On-Scene Command Post (OSCP)
“cold case”

1. Investigation starts from the arrival of the ______________ on the ground who shall perform
important tasks

2. Aside from the usual investigative procedures, the SITG shall immediately validate and confirm the
affiliations of the victims, issue press releases on a regular basis and establish an
__________________ by putting up a tent or similar structures or deploying a Mobile Investigation
Van (if available) at/or near the crime scene

3. _______________ (internal/external) to be done by senior investigators or detectives. It can be

seen as a form of risk management that seeks to apply the principle of system audit to reduce
recurrence of typical errors.

4. If the SITG fails to resolve the case within six (6) months or after the extension, the case will be
considered a ____________. Hence, the SITG shall be deactivated under obligation to ensure that
all documents, pieces of evidence and any other related materials are accounted and secured

5. While the tasked units shall operate on existing logistical and financial allocations, _____________
shall also provide logistical and financial support to SITG

Finally, let us summarize the lesson of what we had discussed today.

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V I. G E N E R A L IZ A T IO N

Directions: Define “motu proprio” in 3 - 5 sentences.

______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Basis for Grading
Level Description Score
 Well written and very organized.
 Excellent grammar mechanics.
OUTSTANDING  Clear and concise statements. 5-4
 Excellent effort and presentation with detail.
 Demonstrates a thorough understanding of the topic.
 Writes fairly clear.
 Good grammar mechanics.
GOOD 4-3
 Good presentation and organization.
 Sufficient effort and detail
 Minimal effort.
 Good grammar mechanics.
FAIR 3
 Fair presentation.
 Few supporting details.
 Somewhat unclear.
 Shows little effort.
POOR  Poor grammar mechanics. 2
 Confusing and choppy, incomplete sentences.
 No organization of thoughts.

After your long journey of reading and accomplishing

the module, let us now challenge your mind by answering the
evaluation part of this module.
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V II. A S S IG N M E N T

Name: ______________________________ Year & Section: __________________

Direction/Instruction: Determine the operational procedures. Write True if the statement pertains
to investigations of all heinous/sensational crimes and write False if not.

1. ___________________ Investigation starts from the arrival of the First Responder on the ground
who shall perform important tasks

2. ___________________ Upon receipt of the Request for Conduct of SOCO, the SOCO Team shall
then conduct the scene of the crime operations which include among others the narrative
description of the crime scene, photography, videography, crime scene search, crime scene
sketch, crime scene location sketch, physical evidence recording and collection, and other
procedures necessary

3. ___________________ The OSCP shall be maintained for as long as necessary and shall only be
deactivated or transferred with the clearance and approval of the Regional Director

4. ___________________ The IOC may by himself if the situation so demands, conduct CSI if, there
is no Provincial Crime Laboratory Office/Regional Crime Laboratory Office in the province. The
IOC must, however, ensure that the correct procedures in the collection of evidence are observed
to ensure the admissibility of the evidence

5. ___________________ The Police Station which has jurisdiction over the area shall be utilized as
alternate OSCP of the SITG; Follow-up actions and efforts must be undertaken to give special
focus to ascertaining/establishing motive

KUDOS!
You have come to an end of Module 7.
O O P S ! Don’t forget that you have still an assignment to do.
Here it is….
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V III. E V A L U A T IO N

Name:______________________________ Year & Section: __________________

Direction/Instruction: Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer

1. Who shall assume full responsibility over the crime scene and shall conduct a thorough assessment of
the scene and inquiry into the incident?
A. Chief of Police C. First responder
B. SOCO team D. Investigator-on-case
2. Who shall assume the responsibility of pursuing the investigation when the heinous case is not solved
by the Special Investigation Task Group within six (6) months and already classified as a cold case?
A. Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG)
B. National Bureau of Investigation (NBI)
C. Directorate for Investigation and Detective Management (DIDM)
D. The PNP Crime Laboratory Office
3. Could the Investigator-on-case (IOC) proceed with the Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) without the
Soco team?
A. No, the CSI should be conducted by the SOCO.
B. No, the CSI should be conducted jointly by the IOC and SOCO team.
C. Yes, if the IOC determines that a SOCO team is not required.
D. Yes, the IOC is always authorized to conduct CSI.
4. The SOCO team shall not enter the crime scene unless ___________
A. The first responder has established the extent of the crime scene by putting the police line.
B. The IOC makes the official written request wherein he assures the SOCO team of his presence
and support.
C. The bomb squad has declared that the area is safe from improvised explosives devices.
D. The IOC is willing to accompany them conduct the crime scene investigation.
5. When does the investigation of heinous or sensational crimes start?
A. It starts when all pieces of evidence were collected from the crime scene.
B. From the arrival of the Investigator-on-case on the ground.
C. From the arrival of the First Responder on the ground.
D. When the suspect, victim or witnesses are brought to the police station for questioning.
6. What could be utilized as alternate On Scene Command Post (OSCP) of the Special Investigation Task
Group (SITG)?
A. The PNP Provincial Office which has jurisdiction over the area
B. The Police Station which has jurisdiction over the area
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C. The local Municipal Office
D. The office of the Barangay Captain
7. In case the investigator-on-case is dismissed or retired or separated from the service, who shall be
responsible for the court presentation of heinous or sensational cases?
A. SITG Commander D. All remaining members of the
B. The Chief of Police investigation team
C. The new Investigator-on-case
8. The extension of the SITG can be considered based on the manifestation of the Regional Director to
TDIDM (Attn: C CMD) as a result of his/her evaluation that the case could be resolved in a certain
period of time, but in no case should this exceed
A. Six (6) months C. Three (3) months
B. one (1) month D. Two (2) months
9. What happens to the case if the Special Investigation la Group (SITG) fails to resolve the heinous or
sensational crime within six (6) months or after the extension?
A. The case folder will be turned over to the National Bureau of Investigation for them to gather more
pieces of evidence for the re-filing of the case.
B. The case folder will be turned over to the Police Station's Chief Investigator for him to gather more
pieces of evidence for the re-filing of the case.
C. The case will be considered a "cold case"
D. The case could not be filed anymore.
10. The Chain of Custody of evidence must be strictly observed. For the continuation of the investigation,
all the records of cold cases and cleared cases including the pieces of evidence gathered shall be
officially turned over to the
A. The Chief, investigation division
B. The National Bureau of Investigation
C. Regional Criminal Investigation and Detection Unit (RCIDU), CIDG in the respective PROs
D. Chief of Police of the local police in the area

C O N G R A T U L A T IO N S on reaching the end of this module!

You may now proceed to the next module.
Don’t forget to submit all the exercises, activities and portfolio
on ___________________.
KEEP UP THE GOOD W ORK.
Well Done!!!