Running‌‌Head:‌‌Marginalization‌‌of‌‌the‌‌Disabled‌‌Population‌‌

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Title:‌‌People‌‌with‌‌Disabilities‌‌vs‌‌Marginalization‌‌
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Trinity‌‌Cumo‌  ‌

Consumers‌‌in‌‌Our‌‌Society‌  ‌

Seton‌‌Hill‌‌University‌  ‌

Dr.‌‌Stubbs‌  ‌

11/16/2021‌  ‌
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Marginalization‌‌of‌‌the‌‌Disabled‌‌Population‌‌
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I‌‌decided‌‌to‌‌research‌‌more‌‌on‌‌the‌‌topic‌‌of‌‌marginalization‌‌and‌‌how‌‌it‌‌affects‌‌a‌‌certain‌‌ 

population;‌‌the‌‌disabled.‌‌Marginalization‌‌refers‌‌to‌‌a‌‌group‌‌or‌‌a‌‌person‌‌who‌‌are‌‌less‌‌able‌‌to‌‌do‌‌
 

things‌‌or‌‌access‌‌basic‌‌services‌‌or‌‌have‌‌the‌‌same‌‌opportunities‌‌as‌‌others.‌‌I‌‌choose‌‌to‌‌dive‌‌deeper‌‌ 

into‌‌this‌‌topic‌‌because‌‌disabilities‌‌are‌‌common‌‌in‌‌today’s‌‌society‌‌all‌‌around‌‌the‌‌world.‌‌The‌‌ 

Americans‌‌with‌‌Disabilities‌‌Act‌‌(ADA),‌‌was‌‌signed‌‌into‌‌law‌‌on‌‌July‌‌26,‌‌1990;‌‌this‌‌law‌‌prohibits‌‌ 

discrimination‌‌and‌‌garuntee‌‌that‌‌people‌‌with‌‌diabilities‌‌have‌‌the‌‌same‌‌opportunity‌‌as‌‌everyone‌‌ 

else‌‌to‌‌participate‌‌in‌‌their‌‌life‌‌and‌‌communities.‌‌According‌‌to‌‌ADA‌‌a‌‌person‌‌with‌‌a‌‌disability‌‌is‌‌a‌‌
 

person‌‌who‌‌has‌‌a‌‌physical‌‌or‌‌mental‌‌impairment‌‌that‌‌substantially‌‌limits‌‌one‌‌or‌‌more‌‌major‌‌life‌‌
 

activity;‌‌vision‌‌impairments,‌‌deaf‌‌of‌‌hard‌‌of‌‌hearing,‌‌mental‌‌health‌‌conditions,‌‌intellectual‌‌
 

disability,‌‌an‌‌acquired‌‌brain‌‌injury,‌‌autism‌‌spectrum,‌‌musculoskeletal‌‌system‌‌and‌‌connective‌‌
 

tissue‌‌disabilities,‌‌and‌‌injuries‌‌to‌‌name‌‌a‌‌few.‌‌In‌‌today's‌‌society‌‌we‌‌have‌‌made‌‌the‌‌right‌‌steps‌‌to‌‌
 

get‌‌where‌‌we‌‌are‌‌today,‌‌however‌‌there‌‌are‌‌more‌‌steps‌‌to‌‌be‌‌taken‌‌to‌‌help‌‌provide‌‌people‌‌with‌‌ 

disabilities‌‌the‌‌support,‌‌housing,‌‌assistance,‌‌and‌‌education.‌‌There‌‌are‌‌a‌‌few‌‌different‌‌types‌‌of‌‌ 

discrimmination:‌‌direct,‌‌indirect,‌‌failure‌‌to‌‌make‌‌adjustments,‌‌harassment,‌‌and‌‌victimisation‌‌
 

discrimmination.‌‌Disability‌‌discrimination‌‌can‌‌occur‌‌in‌‌many‌‌different‌‌settings,‌‌the‌‌office,‌‌
 

schools,‌‌homes‌‌and‌‌other‌‌housing‌‌settings.‌‌This‌‌group‌‌of‌‌people‌‌are‌‌discriminated‌‌against‌‌for‌‌
 

their‌‌ability‌‌to‌‌perform‌‌certain‌‌acts‌‌that‌‌include‌‌not‌‌hiring‌‌a‌‌candidate‌‌because‌‌of‌‌a‌‌disability,‌‌ 

failing‌‌to‌‌accommodate‌‌a‌‌person's‌‌needs.‌  ‌

A‌‌person‌‌with‌‌a‌‌disability‌‌in‌‌America‌‌can‌‌experience‌‌the‌‌highest‌‌rates‌‌of‌‌poverty‌‌of‌‌any‌‌
 

other‌‌subcategory;‌‌according‌‌to‌‌the‌‌Census‌‌Bureau‌‌nearly‌‌30‌‌million‌‌individuals‌‌with‌‌a‌‌disability‌‌
 

aged‌‌18-64,‌‌27%‌‌or‌‌more‌‌than‌‌4‌‌million‌‌people‌‌live‌‌in‌‌poverty.‌‌Most‌‌people‌‌with‌‌a‌‌disability‌‌can‌‌
 

not‌‌live‌‌on‌‌their‌‌own‌‌so‌‌many‌‌are‌‌forced‌‌to‌‌move‌‌into‌‌a‌‌group‌‌home‌‌and‌‌have‌‌their‌‌needs‌‌tended‌‌   ‌
Marginalization‌‌of‌‌the‌‌Disabled‌‌Population‌‌
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to.‌‌This‌‌can‌‌sometimes‌‌feel‌‌dehumanizing‌‌in‌‌a‌‌sense;‌‌having‌‌your‌‌“right”‌‌taken‌‌from‌‌you‌‌
 

because‌‌you‌‌have‌‌a‌‌disability.‌‌“Many‌‌people‌‌with‌‌I/DD‌‌are‌‌placed‌‌in‌‌group‌‌homes‌‌where‌‌control‌‌ 

over‌‌daily‌‌routines‌‌and‌‌housemates‌‌are‌‌limited.‌‌However,‌‌moving‌‌into‌‌more‌‌independent‌‌settings‌‌ 

is‌‌challenging‌‌because‌‌people‌‌with‌‌I/DD‌‌typically‌‌are‌‌among‌‌the‌‌extremely‌‌poor,‌‌20‌‌and‌‌cannot‌‌
 

afford‌‌rent‌‌in‌‌places‌‌with‌‌well-established‌‌neighborhoods.‌‌As‌‌a‌‌result,‌‌they‌‌often‌‌have‌‌resorted‌‌to‌‌ 

unnecessary‌‌institutionalization‌‌or‌‌even‌‌homelessness,‌‌which‌‌is‌‌not‌‌an‌‌improvement‌‌to‌‌life‌‌in‌‌the‌‌
 

Erie‌‌County‌‌Almshouse”‌‌(Tauke‌‌and‌‌Smith‌‌2020).‌‌After‌‌reading‌‌about‌‌how‌‌other‌‌countries‌‌plan‌‌ 

to‌‌help‌‌people‌‌with‌‌disabilities‌‌not‌‌suffer‌‌in‌‌poverty,‌‌it's‌‌clear‌‌that‌‌there‌‌are‌‌some‌‌options.‌‌To‌‌start‌‌
 

there‌‌needs‌‌to‌‌be‌‌better‌‌housing‌‌opportunities‌‌for‌‌people‌‌with‌‌disabilities,‌‌and‌‌who‌‌need‌‌to‌‌seek‌‌ 

out‌‌a‌‌home‌‌and‌‌have‌‌to‌‌be‌‌assisted.‌‌Inside‌‌their‌‌homes‌‌they‌‌need‌‌to‌‌be‌‌able‌‌to‌‌access‌‌the‌‌outside‌‌ 

world,‌‌be‌‌able‌‌to‌‌travel‌‌if‌‌needed,‌‌be‌‌allowed‌‌to‌‌socialize‌‌with‌‌anyone;‌‌build‌‌deeper‌‌connections‌‌ 

with‌‌people‌‌outside‌‌their‌‌homes.‌‌People‌‌with‌‌disabilities‌‌could‌‌accomplish‌‌so‌‌much‌‌if‌‌they‌‌were‌‌
 

given‌‌the‌‌chance‌‌to.‌‌The‌‌discrimination‌‌needs‌‌to‌‌end‌‌in‌‌the‌‌workplace‌‌acording‌‌to‌‌author‌‌Julie‌‌
 

Hotchkiss‌‌and‌‌her‌‌research‌‌on‌G
‌ rowing‌‌Part-Time‌‌Employment‌‌Among‌‌Workers‌‌with‌‌
 

Disabilities:‌‌Marginalization‌‌or‌‌Opportunity?‌‌ ‌There‌‌has‌‌been‌‌an‌‌increase‌‌in‌‌voluntary‌‌part‌‌time‌‌ 

employment;‌‌the‌‌reason‌‌behind‌‌this‌‌increase‌‌is‌‌that‌‌part‌‌time‌‌jobs‌‌have‌‌become‌‌more‌‌attractive‌‌
 

through‌‌accommodations‌‌employers‌‌are‌‌willing‌‌to‌‌make‌‌to‌‌allow‌‌disabled‌‌people‌‌to‌‌work.‌‌The‌‌ 

other‌‌reason‌‌is‌‌the‌‌policy‌‌changes‌‌over‌‌time‌‌may‌‌make‌‌part-‌‌time‌‌jobs‌‌more‌‌financially,‌‌rather‌‌ 

than‌‌more‌‌qualitatively,‌‌attractive.‌‌Going‌‌fourth‌‌in‌‌this‌‌class‌‌I‌‌will‌‌continue‌‌to‌‌research‌‌and‌‌come‌‌ 

up‌‌with‌‌a‌‌plan‌‌of‌‌action‌‌through‌‌these‌‌next‌‌coming‌‌weeks.‌‌   ‌

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Marginalization‌‌of‌‌the‌‌Disabled‌‌Population‌‌
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Citations‌‌
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Ending‌‌poverty‌‌for‌‌persons‌‌with‌‌disabilities‌.‌‌Disability‌‌Rights‌‌Fund.‌‌(2019,‌‌June‌‌6).‌‌Retrieved‌‌
 

November‌‌17,‌‌2021,‌‌from‌‌ 

https://disabilityrightsfund.org/our-impact/insights/ending-poverty-persons-disabilities/.‌‌   ‌

Tauke,‌‌B.,‌‌&‌‌Smith,‌‌K.‌‌(2020).‌‌Marginalized‌‌by‌‌design.‌‌Journal‌‌of‌‌Interior‌‌Design,‌‌‌45‌(1),‌‌5-12.‌‌
 

doi:10.1111/joid.12168‌  ‌

Wohl,‌‌A.‌‌(2014,‌‌July‌‌01).‌‌Poverty,‌‌Employment,‌‌and‌‌Disability:‌‌The‌‌Next‌‌Great‌‌Civil‌‌Rights‌‌
 

Battle.‌‌Retrieved‌‌from‌‌ 

https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/2014‌

_vol_40/vol_40_no_3_poverty/poverty_employment_disability/‌  ‌

Sevelius,‌‌J.‌‌M.,‌‌Gutierrez-Mock,‌‌L.,‌‌Zamudio-Haas,‌‌S.,‌‌McCree,‌‌B.,‌‌Ngo,‌‌A.,‌‌Jackson,‌‌A.,‌ 

Clynes,‌‌C.,‌‌Venegas,‌‌L.,‌‌Salinas,‌‌A.,‌‌Herrera,‌‌C.,‌‌Stein,‌‌E.,‌‌Operario,‌‌D.,‌‌&‌‌Gamarel,‌‌K.‌‌
 

(2020).‌‌Research‌‌with‌‌marginalized‌‌communities:‌‌Challenges‌‌to‌‌continuity‌‌during‌‌the‌‌
 

COVID-19‌‌pandemic.‌A
‌ IDS‌‌and‌‌Behavior‌,‌‌24‌(7),‌‌2009–2012.‌‌
 

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02920-3‌‌ 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7228861/‌  ‌

‌Hotchkiss‌‌,‌‌J.‌‌L.‌‌(2004).‌‌Growing‌‌Part-Time‌‌Employment‌‌among‌‌Workers‌‌with‌‌Disabilities:‌‌ 

Marginalization‌‌or‌‌Opportunity?‌‌Federal‌‌Reserve‌‌Bank‌‌of‌‌Atlanta‌‌ECONOMIC‌‌REVIEW‌.‌  ‌‌ ‌

https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6648572.pdf‌  ‌
Marginalization‌‌of‌‌the‌‌Disabled‌‌Population‌‌
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Face‌‌the‌‌facts:‌‌Disability‌‌rights‌.‌‌The‌‌Australian‌‌Human‌‌Rights‌‌Commission.‌‌(n.d.).‌‌Retrieved‌‌
 

November‌‌17,‌‌2021,‌‌from‌‌ 

https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/education/face-facts-disability-rights.‌‌
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