 Spesifikasi Hasil Perhitungan Desain Alat

DATA HASIL PERHITUNGAN PERANCANGAN HEAT EXCHANGER SHEEL AND

TUBE (COUNTER CURRENT) ONE PASS
Fluida Panas Fluida Dingin
Variabel
No Tube Shell Satuan
(*Assume)
(Stainless Stell) (Carbon Stell)
1. Fluida Gas oil Water -
2. Mass flowe (M) 2364.066 2142.857 Lb/hr
o
3. Tin 140 90 F
o
4. Tout 113 104 F
5. ∆T 27 14 o
F
6. API 28 10 Degree (o)
7. Spesific Gravity (SG) 0.887 1 -
8. Spesific Heat (Cp) 0.47 1 Btu/hr.ft2.oF
9. Viscosity (μ) 5.8 0.76 Centi Poise
10. Viscosty (μ) 14.036 1.8392 Lb/ft.hr
11. Konductivity fluid (K) 0.077 0.361 Btu/(hr)(Ft2)(oF/Ft)
12. Inside Diameter (ID) 0.482 8 Inch
13. Outside (OD) 0.75 - Inch
14. BWG 10 - -
15. Whall Thickness 0.134 0.6 Inch
16. Susunan Tube Square Pitch -
17. Pitch Tube (PT) 1 Inch
18. Clearance(C) 0.25 Inch
19. Length 5.25 Feet
20. Length (Shell and Tube) 3.94 Feet
21. Baffle Spacing 4 Inch
22. Baffle 10 Buah
23. Baffle Thickness 0.3 Inch
24. Langth Heat Cover (2) 2 x 0.655 Feet
25. Heat Balance (Q) 30000 Btu/hr
26. ∆ t LMTD 28.14 o
F
Overall Design Coeficient
27. 43 -
(OD)
28. Area Heat Transfer (A) 24.78 Btu/hr.Ft
29. Jumlah Tube (NT) 32 Buah
o
30. Temperatur Caloric (Tc) 125.96 - F
31. Temperatur caloric (tc) - 96.72 -
32. Surface Area Tube (At) 0.040 - Ft2
33. Surface Area Shell (As) - 0.056 Ft2
34. Mass Velocity Tube (GT) 58450.76 - Lb/hr. Ft2
35. Mass Velocity Shell ( Gs) - 38571.43 Lb/hr. Ft2
36. Reynold Number (NRE) 166.573 1660.272 -
37. Heat Transfer Factor (JH) 2.3 21 -
 Coeficient Heat Transfer
38. 19.06529 - Btu/hr.Ft2.oF
Tube (Hi)
Coeficient Heat Transfer
39. - 164.775 Btu/hr.Ft2.oF
Shell (Ho)
Coeficient Heat Transfer
40. 1.021052 - Btu/hr.Ft2.oF
Tube and Shell (Hio)
o
41. Wall Temperature (Tw) 125.51 F
42. Wall Viscosity ¿w) 15.004 1.3794 Lb/hr.Ft
43. ∅T 0.990707 - -
44. ∅s - 1.041098 -
45. Ho Corrected - 171.5469 Btu/hr.Ft2.oF
46. Hio Corrected 1.011563 - Btu/hr.Ft2.oF
1. Menghitung Heat Balance
Dengan menggunakan suhu rata-rata dari masing-masing sisi, dimana :
Fluida panas Tin = 140 OF fluida dingin tin = 90OF
Tout= 113OF tout = 104

90 ° F +104 ° F
 Sisi Shell = =97 ° F
2
140° F+113 ° F
 Sisi Tube = =126.5° F
2

 Menghitung Mass Flow

1. Sisi Tube
Mass Flow (M) Asumsi = 20.15 (L/min)
Konversi (Lb/m), menjadi

20.15liter 60 menit 1072.383 Kg 2.205 lb

× x 0.887= x =2364.066
menit 1 hr 1 hr 1 Kg hr

2. Sisi Shell
Mas Flow (M) Asumsi =11 (L/min)
16.19liter 60 menit 971.4 Kg 2.205 lb
× x 1= x =2142.857
menit 1 hr 1hr 1 Kg hr

1. Menghitung Heat Balance

a. Sisi tube Q (panas)
Q = W . C . ∆T
lb BTU
2364.006 ×0.47 (140−113 ) ° F
hr lb ° F
= 30000 BTU/hr

b. Sisi Shell Q ( dingin )

Q = W . C .∆ T
 lb BTU
2142.857 ×1 ( 104−90 ) ° F
hr lb ° F
= 30000 BTU/hr

2. Menentukan LMTD

( T 1 −t2 ) −( T 2 −t 1 ) ( 140−104 )−( 113−90 )

= =29.016° F
( T 1 −t2 ) 140−104
ln
( T 2 −t1 ) (ln
104−90 )
T 1−t 2 140−104
R= = =1.92
t 2−t 1 104−90

t 2−t 1 104−90
= = =0.28
T 1−t 1 140−90

FT= 0.97 (fig. 18 D.Q kern)

∆ T LMTD=29.02 x 0.97=28.145 ° F

3. Menentukan Area Heat Transfer

UD di asumsikan = 43

Q 30000 BTU
A= = =24.7878
ud x ∆ t LMTD 43 x 28.145 hr ft 2 ❑0 F

4. Menentukan Jumlah Tube

Lenght Tube = 3.94 Ft

α ' =0.1963
BTU
24.7878
A hr ft 2 . ❑O F BTU
'
= =32
Lx α 3.94 ft x 0.1963 hr ft 2 . ❑O F

5. Menentukan Temperatur Kaloric

Fluida Panas ∆ th= T1 - T2 = 140 -113o F = 27 oF
 Fluida Dingin ∆ tc =¿t1 – t2 = 104 – 90 oF = 14 oF

Fluida dingin
c T 2−t 1 113−90
= = =0.51
h T 1−t 2 140−104

Kc = 0.26

FC = 0.48 (Figure 17 D.Q Kern)

a. Shell Side (dingin) b. Tube side (panas)

tc = t1+Fc (t2-t1) Tc = T2+Fc(T1-T2)
= 104+ 0.48 (104-90) = 113+0.48 (140 -113)
= 96.72 oF = 125.69 oF

6. Menghitung Flow Area

a. Shell side b. Tube side
Inside diameter Shell = 8 Inch Nt = 32 buah
Table 9 D. Q Kern α ' =¿0.182
BWG = 10
Baffle Spacing = 4 Inch
Jumlah Bafle Spacing = 1 Table 10 D. Q Kern
Leng Shell = 3.94 ft

Pitch Square Tube = 1 Inch number tube = 1 tube pass

Table 9 D. Q Kern
Outside Diameter = 0.75 Inch
Nt . α 't 32 x 0.182 inch
Tube Clearance = Odtube αt = =
n 1 x 144

= 1-0.75 = 0.25 = 0.0404444 ft2

D . C . B 8 x 0.25 x 4
= =0.0555556 f t 2
Pt .144 1 x 144
7. Menghitung Massa Velocity
a Shell b Tube
w = 35752.1 lb/hr w = 2364.006 lb/hr
As = 0.0555556 ft2 At = 0.0404444 ft2
W 2142.857 lb /hr W 2364.006 lb /hr
Gs = = Gt = =
As 0.0555556 F t 2 At 0.0404444 f t 2
= 38571.43 lb/hr ft2 = 58450.76 lb/hr. ft2

8. Menghitung reynold Number

shell

De = 0,95 inch = 0.079166667 Ft Figure 28 D. Q Kern

μ=0,76 Centi poise x 2.24=1.8392lb / Ft hr fiq 14 D. Q Kern

De. Gs 0.0791667 Ft 7 Ft x 38571.43lb /hr . Ft 2

ℜs= = =1660.272
μ 1.8392lb / Ft hr

Tube
D = 0.482 inch = 0.04 ft table 10 D. Q Kern
μ=14.036lb/ Ft hr fiq 14 D. Q Kern
0.04 Ft 7 Ft x 58450.76 lb /hr . Ft 2
Ret=De .> ¿ = =166.573 ¿
μ 14.036 lb / Ft hr

9. Menentukan Heat transfer Factor Jh

a Shell b Tube side

L 3.94 Ft
Jh = 21 = =98.09128631
D 0.040166667
Fig 28 D. Q Kern
Jh = 2.3
Fig 24 D. Q Kern
10. Menentukan h0 dan hi
a Shell side
ho k Cp x μ
os
=Jh x
De
x
K( ) 1/3 mencari k (hal.803)

BTU BTU lb
ho
∅s
=21 x
0.361
hr Ft ° F
0.0079166667 Ft
x
1
hr Ft 2
x 1.8392

0.361 hr Ft ° F
(
Ft hr
) 1/3

= 164.775 BTU/hr Ft2 oF

b Tubu Side

hi k Cp x μ
∅t
=Jh x x
D k ( ) 1/3

BTU BTU
0.0748 0.47 x 14.036 lb/Ft hr
¿ 2.3 x
hr Ft ° F
0.040166667 Ft
x
(
hr Ft ° F
0.0748
btu
hr Ft ° F
)
1/3

BTU
= 19.0629 2
hr F t ° F

hio hi ID
= x
∅ t ∅t OD

hio BTU 0.040166667 Ft

=19.06529 2
x
∅t hr F t ° F 0.06 Ft

BTU
¿ 1.021052
hr f t 2 ° F

11. Mencari Temperatur dingin

 ho
∅s
+ x (Tc−tc )
hio ho
+
∅t hs

164.775 BTU /hr Ft 2 o F

¿ 96.72 ° F +
BTU BTU
1.0210529 2
+164.775
hr f t ° F hr f t 2 ° F

× ( 125.69−96.72 ° F ) ° F
tw=125.51 ° F

12. Mencari koefisien ho yang terkoreksi pada temperatur dinding tw

a Shell side
t w =125.51 oF
μw =0.57 cp x 2.42=1.379 Ft . hr Fig 14 D.Kern

lb
1.8392
∅s=
μ 0.14
μw ( )
¿
1.3794 (
ft hr
lb
ft hr
) 0.14
= 1.04109875

ho BTU
h o= ( ∅s )(
x ∅ s = 164.775
hr f t 2 o F )
x 1.04109875 = 171.5469 BTU/hr ft2 oF

b Tube side

tw = 125.51
μ=6.2centi Poise x 2.42
lb
4
ft hr
lb
14.036
∅t=
μ 0.14
μw( ) =
15.004 (
ft hr
lb
ft hr
) 0.14
= 0.990707

hio BTU
hio = ( ∅t )(
x ∅t = 1.021052 2
f t °F )
x 0.990707 =¿ 1.011563 BTU/hr ft2 oF