RE

YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

PARTI
V
LEA3
[
Pol
iceI
ntel
li
gence&Secr
etSer
vice]

A.I
NTELLIGENCE (
Joshua2:1-21)whoshelt
eredandconcealed
- Intelli
gencei sanendpr oduct( knowledge) t
het woagentsofIsr
ael
,shemadeacov enant
resul ti
ng f r
om t he collecti
on, recordi
ng, (
agreement)witht
heagentsandduped(tri
ck)
ev aluation,anal ysi
s,i nt
egrati
on,col lat
ion t
hei
rpursuers.
andi nterpr
etationofallavai
lablei
nformation
toar riveatat heoryorconclusion. 3. DELILAH-Ani mpr ompt uintell
igenceagentof
- In shor t it deal s wi t
h PROCESSED Phili
sti
nes.Sheswal l
owed( accept )Phil
ist
ines
INFORMATI ON whi ch helps a commander spiest ohi deinherhouse( Judges16: 9)and
wi thanact ual sit
uat
ion. used her sex t o gai ni nt
elli
gence f r
om a
power f
ul enemy .
B.NATUREOFI NTELLIGENCE 4. LEXANDER THE GREAT -Whenmar ching to
 I ntel
l
igenceiscl
assi
fi
edas“ SECRET” . Asia,rumor s ofdi saf f
ection grows f r
om hi s
“Int
ell
igenceisSECRETKNOWLEDGEofanenemy , all
iesandmer cenar ies.Hesoughtt het r
uthand
thekindofknowl edgewhi
chst andsindependent
ly goti tbysi mpl estexpedi ent.Hedev isedt he
ofthemeansbywhi chitisobtai
nedandt he fi
rst letter sor ti
ng and openi ng t o obtain
processbywhichitisdist
il
led.” i
nformat ion.Hewast heKi ng ofMacedoni a,
conquer oroft hePer si
anEmpi r
e,andoneof
C.ESSENCEOFI NTELLIGENCE thegreat estmi li
tarygeni usesofal lti
mes.
AChi nesephi l
osopher ,
SUNTZU, oncesaid,
5. MARCOS LI CINIUS CRASSUS – Cr assus a
 “ Ify ouknowy ourenemyandknowy our
sel f
,
roman pol i
ti
cian and mi l
l
ionai
re,employ i
ng
youneednotf eart her esul
tsofhundr ed
slavesandf reemenor gani
zedacompl icated
bat tles.
enterpr
iseconsisti
ngofapr i
vat
ef i
rebrigade
 I fy ouknowy ourselfbutnott heenemy ,for
madei ntoanintel
li
genceunit
.
ev eryv ict
ory,youwi l
lsufferadef eat.
 I fy ouknownei theryourselfnort heenemy , 6. GENGHISKHAN – LordofMongols.Heused
youar efoolwhowi l
lmeetdef eatinev ery i
ntel
l
igencet
oconquerChi
naandi
nvadeCat
hay.
bat tle.”
7. FREDERI CK THE GREAT ( Frederi
ck I I)-The
D.FUNCTIONSOFI NTELLIGENCE fatherofor gani zed mi l
it
ary espi onage.He
1. Coll
ectionofInf
ormation establ
ishedr ulesf orobt ai
ningandusi ngev ery
2. EvauationofInf
ormation grade ofspyori ntel
li
gence.He di vi
ded hi s
3. Dessemi nat
ionofInf
or mat
ion agentsi ntofourcl asses:
4. Protecti
onofInfr
mation 1. Commonspi es,
2. Doubl espi es
E. USERSOFI NTELLIGENCE
3. Spi esofconsequences,
1. NATIONAL/GOVERNMENTLEADERS
4. Per sons who ar ef orced t o under t
ake
formulati
onandimplement at
ionofnat ional
espionageagai nsthiswi l
l.
poli
cies.
5. GEN.ROMANO Q.SERTORI OUS-TheRoman
2. MIITARYLEADERS-pr eparationofplansand
commanderf rom Spai nwhopossessedawhi t
e
esti
mat es.
fawnt hatt r
iedt of ollowpol yaenusev erywhere.
3. POLICELEADERS-pr eparationofpol i
ceplans
Thef awnwasusedasani ntell
igenceagent .
andoper ati
on
His i ntell
i
gence agent s cr edited t heir
4. DEPARTMENTHEADS–f ormul at
ionof
i
nformat i
on t o t he super natural power of
departmentalpol
ici
esandf ort heprot
ectionof
animals.
organizati
on.
6. AKBAR-The“ Thir
dgreatMogul
”andsagacious
F. FOUR(
4)I
’
SOFI
NTELLI
GENCE
masterofHi ndustan (I
ndi
a)who empl oyed
morethan fourthousandsofagentsfort he
1. I
nterest
sol
epurposeofbr i
ngi
ngthem t
hetr
uththathis
2. I
ntegrit
y
thr
onemightrestuponit
3. I
ngenui t
y
4. I
ntel
ligenceI
nfor
mat
ion
7. HANNI BAL -Car t
hagi
nians general
.He was
considered as one of t he bri
l
li
ant mili
tar
y
G.HI
STORI CALDEVELOPMENTSOFI NTELLIGENCE
str
ategistsin hist
ory.He had dev el
oped an
1. MOSES-Oneoft hef i
rstr ecordedf or
mal i
zed
eff
ectiveintel
li
gence system for15 yearsin
i
nt el
l
igenceef for
ts,withf ormat ,canbefoundin
Rome,hei susuall
yroam aroundthecityoft
en
theholybi bl
e( number s13: 17).TheScript
ures
di
sguise as beggar t o gather fir
st-
hand
alsonamedt he12i ntelli
genceagent swhom
i
nformat i
on.
theLor ddirectedMosest osendi ntot
hel and
ofCanaanandr ecordst hatal lt
hosemanwer e
8. SUN-TSU-TheEastwasaheadoft heWestin
headsoft hechi l
dreniftheI srael.
thecraftofi
ntell
i
gencein400BCr ej
ect
ingthe
oracl
es and the seer
s,SUN-TSU,a Chinese
2. RAHAB- The har
lot (
prost
it
ute) of Jer
icho
phil
osophertakes a more pr
act
icalvi
ew for
30
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

accor dingt ohim, whatiscal

ledFor eknowledge i
nt el
li
gence agent s, though a homosexual .
cannotbeel icitedf rom spi
rit
,norf rom Gods, Becomechi efoft heAust ro-
HungarianSecr et
norFr om anal ogywi t
hpastev ent,norf rom Ser v
ice,butinf actadoubl eagentofRussi a.
calculation.Hewr ote“i
tmustbeobt ainedfrom In1913,histreasonwasdi scoveredandhewas
menwhoknewt heenemysi tuati
on“ .Sun-Tsu’s forcedt ocommi tsuici
de.Hist r
easonl eadt o
bookent it
led“ THEARTOFWAR”i sthef avori
te the dead of 500, 000 agents and sol diers
reading oft he l ate MAO TSE TUNG and i s combi neinhis13y earsespionageepisode.
required r eadi ng mat eri
als f or Chi nese
Communi stTact i
cians.Itisinthebookwer e 16.EDWARDI-Ki ngofEngl andin1725or gani
zed
theint el
li
gencepar l
ancewasder i
v ed. asy stemati
cpol icesy stem so cal
led“watch
and war d”
. By Roy al procl
amat i
on, the
9. SIRFRANCI SWALSHI NGHAM OFENGLAND- prof
ession “ St
ateI nformer”was cr eated i
n
Hepr otectedQueenEl izabet hIf r om count l
ess 1734enj oi
ningallinf
ormer stoexposecriminal
assassi ns.Wal shingham’ s bestagent s wer e acti
vit
iesandbecompensat ed.
English st udent sr esi di ng i nI taly.He gav e
Englands f i
rst“ nat i
onalsecr etser vice”and 17.WILLIAM DONOVAN-Theor gani
zeroftheOSS
created an ef fectivei ntelligence sy st em by andbuil
deroftheCentr
alIntell
i
genceSy stem
empl oyingagent si nf or ei
gncour ts.Themost and whose acti
vi
ti
es became l egendar
yi n
notabl e plothe di scov ered was t he pl an to WorldWarI.
assassi nateEl izabet h,i nitiatedbyt heEngl i
sh
conspi ratorAnt honyBabi ngt onandaut hor i
zed 18.GENERAL MATTEW B.RI DWAY -He was a
by Mar y,Queen ofScot s.The ev idence by r
et i
red ChiefofSt af
fUS Ar my and Unit
ed
Wal singham l ed t ot heexecut ionofMar yin NationsCommanderdur ing t
he Korean War.
1587. “Adequat e i nt
ell
igence const it
utes t he
10.JOSEPH FOUCHEOFFRANCE-AFr enchman fundament albasi
sf orthecalcul
ationofr i
sk,
borni n1759r oset obecomet hemostf eared t
hef ormulati
onofpl ans,thedevelopmentof
and r espected i ntelli
gence di r
ect ori n Fr ench mat eri
als,andall
ocationoftheresourcesand
hi
stor y. He i s t he FATHER OF MODERN t
heconductofoper ati
on”.
POLI TICALESPI ONAGE.Hecr eat edanet work
ofagent .Demar esthi sassi stancef oundedt he
19.O.W.WI LSON-Hemadeofauni ttoprovidean
moder nsy stem ofspy ingonspi eswhi chl at
er
i
ntell
i
gence ser vice f
ort he chi
ef( ofpolice)
wasknownascount erespi onage.
regar
dingt hei nt
egri
tyofhi sforce,organi
zed
cri
me,subv ersi
onactivi
ti
es,andper sonsand
11.NAPOLEON I  (1769-1821)-emper oroft he
condit
ionst hatpromotecivi
ldist
urbanceint he
French,whosei mper i
aldictat
orshi
pendedt he
communi t
y.
French Rev olution ( 1789-1799) whi l
e
consolidat
ingther eformsi thadbroughtabout .
20.ADMI RAL I SORUKO YAMAMOTO - The
Oneoft hegreatestmi l
it
arycommander sofal l
crypt
oanali
stoftheU.S.NavyCommuni cat
ions
ti
me.Napol eon Bonapar te was t he gr
eatest
Int
ell
igence i
nter
cepted a top secr
etsignal
mili
tarygeniusoft he19thcent ur
y.
rel
ayi
ngt hetr
aveloft
headmi r
al.
========================================
12.KARL SCHULMEI STER -Napol eon’s mi l
it
ary
secretserv
iceandNapol eon’seyes.Heact ed A.DEFINITI
ONOFTERMS
as the spy sentby Napol eon t
o st udy the 1. AREA OF I NTEREST -I tisthe subj
ectof
charact
ers of the Gener al
s,hisr oy alf oes i
nformation gat
her
ing (
per
son,pl
aceort hi
ng
sel
ectedtodef eathi
m.Kar lSchulmeisterwas and/oracti
vi
ty).
bornonAugust5, 1770.Hebeganhi sof f
ensive
careerinoffensiv
eespi onage.Underacov er
2. AREAOFOPERATI ON-I tistheaspectsoft he
rol
e,he was abl etoi nfil
tr
atethe Aust rali
an
operati
onalenvironmentexclusiv
et o mili
tar y
GeneralSt
aff.
i
nvolved.Itincl
udesweat her
,cli
mate,terr
ai n,
economics,poli
ti
cs,soci
ology,hy
drographyand
charact
eri
sti
cs oft he area i
n which mili
tar y
13.GEORGE WASHI NGTON  (
1732-
operati
onistaki
ngplace.
1799), 
fi
rst
 presi
dentoftheUnitedStat
es( 1789
-1797)andoneoft hemostimportantl
eader sin
United States histor
y. Hisr ol
ei n gai ning 3. BACKGROUND I NVESTIGATION–An i nquiry
i
ndependencef ort heAmerican col
oniesand madeonani ndi
vidualusual
l
yseekingt hrough
l
aterinunifyi
ngthem underthenewU. S.feder al subj
ect
’srecordsinthepoli
cefil
es,educational
governmentcannotbeov eresti
mated.. i
nsti
tut
ions,places or resi
dence or f ormer
employ
er.
14.WI LHELM VON STI EBER -He i ncorporated
i
ntelli
genceintheGener alStaffSupportSystem. 4. CAPABI LITI
ES–Iti sthecour seofact i
ont hat
He f urther devi
ce mi l
it
ary censorship and theenemycanadoptort hewor kablecourseof
organized mili
tary propaganda.He i s a CI A acti
ont oaccompliceobjecti
ve.Itreferstot he
i
ntelli
genceof fi
cerwhospi edf orSovietfrom abil
it
iesofanat ion t
o car r
youti tsnational
1985-1994 he had per petr
ated the costli
est objecti
vesbyvi
rt
ueofi tsresources,technology
breachofsecur i
tyintheagencyhi stor
y. andt heli
ke.

15.ALFREDREDL-Hewasoneoft
hemostbr
il
li
ant 5. COLLATE-
Iti
sthepr
ocesst
obr
ingt
oget
her
31
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

and compare t
he t
rut
hful
ness of t
he 18.INTELLIGENCE – I tist
he productresul
ti
ng
i
nfor
mati
on. from t he coll
ect
ion eval
uati
on, analy
sis,
i
nt egrat
ion, and the i
nter
pret
ati
on of al l
6. COMBATI NTELLI
GENCE-I tistheknowledge av ai
labl
einfor
mati
on.
ofthe enemyand t he charact
eri
sti
csoft he
operati
on used i
n planni
ng and conductof 19.INTELLI
GENCEREQUI REMENT( IR)–Iti
sthe
tact
icaloper
ati
on. i
nformati
onr equir
ementr egardingtheenemy
and its envir
onment , which needs to be
7. COMMUNI CATIONAGENT-I nthecoll
ecti
onof coll
ect
edandpr ocessedinor dertomeetthe
i
nf or
mat i
on,
heisani
ndividualwhoassisti
nthe PIRofachieforhead.
technical and non-technical means of
communi cat
ionwi
thi
nthei nt
ell
igenceact
ivi
ty. 20.NATIONAL I NTELLIGENCE -I ti st he t
otal
product of intel
l
igence developed by al l
8. DECEPTION-I tcover
sawi dev ar
iet
yoftact
ics, governmentalagencies t
hatcov erthe br
oad
str
ategyandmaneuv er
sbywhi chast ateor aspectsofnati
onalpoli
cyandsecurit
y.
personattemptstomi sl
eadanot hergener
all
y
astoitscapabi
li
ti
esandintent
ions. 21.MILI
TARYINTELLIGENCE-Iti
stheint
ell
igence
used i
nthe prepar
ati
on ofmil
it
ary poli
cies,
9. DEFECTOR-Aper
sonwhot
urnsaway
/agai
nst pl
ansandprogr
ams.
hi
scountr
y.
22.ORDER OF BATTLE ( ORBAT) - Iti st he
10.DEFECTOR IN PLACE -A person who t
urns summar yrecordi
ngofone’ sspeci
fi
ccr iminal
hi
mselfandof f
ershisservi
cesasaspyand acti
viti
es with entri
es coveri
ng matters wit
h
hasnotphy
sical
lydeser
tedhi
scount
ry. i
ntell
igenceandt acti
calinter
est
,enumer ati
on
ofper sonal
iti
esi nvol
vedint heorganizat
ion’
s
mov ementact i
vit
ies.
11.DURESSCODE-At ypeofcodesystem sot
hat
secur
ityper
sonnelwhenf or
cedbyar medmen
toenteri
ntoinst
all
ationcangi
vealarm byuse 23.OTHERI NTELLIGENCEREQUI REMENT( OI R)-
ofcertai
nwor dsincasualconversati
onwith It is t he enemy capabi l
it
ies or ar ea
other
sintheinst
all
ati
on. charact
erist
ics t
hatmay af f
ectbutwi l
lnot
preventthe accompl i
shmentoft he mission,
regardl
essofwhi chcourseofacti
onistaken.
12.EDUCATI ON SECURI TY PROGRAM -I tisa
pr
ogram giv entoempl oy
eesofani nstall
ation
bylectureand ot hermeanst hatpertai
nst o 24.PROBABLECOURSEOFACTI ON –I tref
ersto
measures and saf eguards to be t aken t o thecauseofacti
onopent onat i
onthatmaybe
pr
otectt hei nt
erestofthei nstal
lat
ionsf rom adopted f or accompl
ishi
ng i t
s nat ional
l
oss,damage,sabot age,pil
ferage and ot her object
ives.Iti
s an of
fensiv
e and def ensiv
e
cr
iminalacts. measuresofacount ryinvol
v ed i
nwarori n
peace.
13.ESPI
ONAGE-I tisast at
eorpr acticeofspying
i
n ot hercountri
es,places ort hings i
nt he 25.PRIORITYINTELLI GENCEREQUI REMENT( PI
R)
cour
se of sy stematic secr
et gat her
ing of –Itisani tem ofintel
l
igenceori nf
ormationof
i
nfor
mat ioninapar t
icul
arjur
isdictionwhichis thecharacteri
sti
csoft heareaofoper ati
ons
i
nimicaltonati
onalsecur
it
y. andtheenemy ,whichthecommanderf eelshe
needs before he can reasonablyarri
ve ata
deci
sion.
14.ESSENTI ALELEMENTOFI NFORMATI ON( EEI)
-Iti
st hecr i
ti
calitemsofInformationregardi
ng
theenemyt oandhi senvi
ronmentneededby 26.SABOTEUR -A person orgr
oup ofper
sons
thecommanderi napar ti
cul
art i
met orelateit desi
gntocar
ryoutsabot
agework.
withot heravai
lableinf
ormati
onandi nt
elli
gence
i
n or dert o assisthim inr eachi
ng a logical 27.TECHNI CALI NTELLI GENCE-I tconcer nswi t
h
decision. forei
gnt echnicaldevelopments,whichhav ea
practi
calmi l
itaryappli
cati
onandt hephy sical
15.INDUSTRIALINTELLI GENCE-Itisthegather
ing characteri
sti
cs,performance,capabi l
it
ies and
ofi nf
ormati
on aboutpr oductmanuf actur
ing l
imi t
ati
onsofmat er
ialsandinstal
lati
onshouse
techni
que pr ocesses from manuf actur
ing byandf orforeignmili
taryf
orces.
concerns,f
ormulast hatcannotbeusedand
canbeusedofv alueandadvantage. 28.VULNERABI LI
TY-Theweaknessest
hatmakes
i
tsuscepti
bletoanyact
ion,whichr
educesi
ts
16.INFILTRATION-I tisthepenetrati
onofanagent fi
ght
ingpotenti
als.
to an int
ell
igencet argeteit
herbydecept i
on,
coverstory
,defectorinplace,
et c. MAJORCATEGORI
ESOFI
NTELLI
GENCE

17.I
NFORMATI ON -Itisthe knowl
edge der
ived 1. NATIONALI NTELLIGENCE-i
ntegrat
ed product
s
f
rom observat
ionorasrev
ealedbysomebody ofintel
li
gence dev el
oped by allgov
ernment
(
person,
placeorthi
ng)
. depart
ment sconcerni
ngNATI ONALpolicyand
nati
onalsecuri
ty.
32
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

2. DEPARTMENTAL I NTELLI
GENCE-Intel
l
igence
requi
redbyanagencyorDEPARTMENToft he ========================================
governmentinordert
oexecut
eitsmissi
onand A.COUNTER- INTELLIGENCEOPERATI ON
responsi
bil
i
ties. - I tisal socalledt heCIi nvesti
gat ion.I
ti san
activi
tyt hatconst i
tutes t
he v alue oft he CI
3. MI LI
TARYI NTELLIGENCE-I nt
ell
i
genceusedin wor kl
oad, wor ldwide and i ncludes speci fi
c
the preparat
ion and executi
on ofMILITARY investigat
ionofi ndiv
idualandi ncidencewhi ch
plans,pol
ici
esandprograms. forthemostpar tareconduct edinanov ertbut
discreetmanner .
OTHERCATEGORI
ESOFI
NTELLI
GENCE B.FI VE ( 5) I MPORTANCE OF COUNTER
INTELLIGENCE
 POLICE INTELLIGENCE – concerns one or
mor easpect
sofpoliceoper
ati
onsandwhichis 1. Deniesinformati
ontot heenemy
potent
ial
lysigni
fi
canttoPOLICEplanni
ngand 2. Reducest heri
skoft hecommander
operat
ions. 3. Aidsinachievi
ngsur pr
ises
4. I
ncreaset hesecuri
tyofthecommand
 ORDER OF BATTLE I NTELLIGENCE – Itis 5. Decrease the abil
i
tyoft he enemyt
o cr
eat
e
defi
nedasthemanneri
nwhi charmedfor
cesof i
nformat i
onaboutourf orces.
the Phil
i
ppines are organized, di
sposed, C.COUNTER- INTELLIGENCEMI SSIONS
maneuver
ed,andsuppl
i
ed.
1. DETECTION–identi
fyt
het
hreat
 TECHNI CALI NTELLI GENCE-I tconcer nswi t
h 2. EVALUATION–analyzi
ngt
hedataplan
forei
gnt echnicaldevelopments,whichhav ea 3. COUNTER ACTI ON AND PREVENTI ON –
practi
calmi l
itaryappli
cati
onandt hephy sical recommend count
ermeasurein neutr
ali
zi
ng
characteri
stcs,per
i formance,capabi l
it
ies and thetar
get
.
l
imi t
ati
onsofmat er
ialsandinstal
lati
onshouse
byandf orforeignmili
taryf
orces. D.THREE ( 3) ACTI
VITI
ES OF COUNTER
I
NTELLI
GENCE
THREE MAJOR CATEGORI
ES OR TYPES OF
POLI
CEINTELLI
GENCE 1. Prot
ect
ionofi
nformationagainstESPI
ONAGE
2. Prot
ect
ionofpersonnelagai
nstSUBVERSI ON
3. Prot
ect
ionofinstal
lat
ionandmat eri
alsagai
nst
1. POLI CESTRATEGI CINTELLI GENCE
SABOTAGE.
–deal swi t
ht hewi deandf arreaching
i
ssues of l aw and or der,i nternal
E. THREE(
3)CATEGORI
ESOFCIMEASURES
security, cr ime suppr essi on and
prevention,andpubl i
csafet ynecessar y
1. DENI AL MEASURES – secr ecy discipl
ine,
i
n t he f or
mul ati
on,pr epar ati
on and
documentsecur i
ty,camoufl
age( amet hodof
executionofl ongr angepl ans,policies
hidi
ngpeopl eort hingsbydisguisi
ngt hem or
andpr ogr ams.
covering them so as t o l ook like the
– I ntel
ligence i nf
ormation whi ch i s
surroundi
ngs.)and concealment( hi
ding and
pri
mar il
yl ong-rangeinnat urewi thlit
t l
e
keeping t hi
ngs), communi cat
ions secur it
y,
ornoi mmedi atepracti
calvalue
mi l
i
tarycensorshi
p, count
err
econnaissance.
2. POLICECOUNTER- INTELLIGENCE
2. DETECTION MEASURES– PSIsecuri
tytagor
– f ormulat
ion, pr eparati
on and
pass car d, chal
l
enge or passwor
d and
execution of pl ans, pol i
cies and
reconnai
ssance.
programs gear ed t owar ds t he
neutrali
zati
on ofact iv
iti
es adv er
se t
o
3. DECEPTIONMEASURES
thepol i
ceorganizat
ion
a. RUSE( acl
evertri
ckorplotusedt odeceive
– i t deals wi th defending of the
other
s) – use of escape and ev asi
on,
organizati
on agai nst i t
s cr i
minal
dummypositionandfabricatedinf
ormati
on.
enemi es.(
DefensiveEffort)
.
b. DODGE– to av oi
d detection bysuddenly
mov i
ngasi
de.
3. POLICE LINE or TACTICAL
NOTABENE:
INTELLIGENCE
– cont r
ibutes di r
ectl
y t o t he
Sur
vey–I tdeter
minestheunf
oreseendefect
sof
accompl i
shmentofspeci fi
cobj ecti
ves
ofi mmedi ate concern such as rai
ds, a unit and makes recommendations for i
ts
arr
est,etc. cor
rect
ionorimprovement
.
–t hetypeofi ntel
li
gencewhi chisofan
i
mmedi ate nature and necessaryf or I
nspect
ion–Itdet
ermi
nesi
fther
ecommendat
ion
mor e effecti
ve pol i
ce planning and ort
hesurveywasmade.
operat
ions.(Of f
ensiveEffort
)

METHODSOFPOLI
CEI
NTELLI
GENCEOPERATI
ONS

a. OVERT OPERATI
ON/
METHOD- When t
he
33
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

i
nformat i
onordocumentsarepr ocur
edopenly wit
houtt he knowl
edge oft
he owneror
wit
houtr egar
dsast owhet herthesubjectof occupant
s.
i
nvestigati
on become knowledgeabl
e oft he
purposeforwhichiti
sbei
nggat her
ed. h. USE OF BUGGI NG EQUIPMENT,
WIRETAPPI NG OR ELECTRONI C
b. COVERT OPERATI ON/METHOD- When t he SURVEILLANCE–Thi sisdonet olist
ento
i
nformationi sobtainedwi t
houttheknowl edge conver
sati
onwi t
houtt heknowledgeofthe
oftheper sonagainstwhom t heinformat
ionor subj
ectofinvest
igat
ion.
documentmaybeusedori ftheinformat
ioni s
acqui
redcl andesti
nely. i
. USE OF SATELLI TES – Sat el
li
te
a. SURVEI LLANCE – I ti s covertorsecr et communi cat
ionhassev er
alusesnowaday s
obser vati
on ofa per son,v ehicl
e,place, and itis one ofthe mostsophi st
icated
buil
ding,house,i nstall
ati
on,oract ivi
ties means of communi cati
on. It can t ake
wher ei
nt he identi
tyi ft he observer is pi
ctures,send messages and l i
sten t o
prot
ect edagainstdi scoverybyt hesubject soundsorsi gnal
sfrom afarbutcaneasi l
y
orfrom t hepubli
c’seyes. be i nter
cepted wi th sophi st
icated
monitori
ngdev i
ces.
b. CASI NG – Thi sist he observati
on ofa
buil
ding, pl ace, install
ati
on, ar ea or j
. USEOFRADAR OR SONAR – Radar sare
stati
onaryobj ecttodetermineit
ssui t
abil
it
y usedtodet
ectormoni
torfl
yi
ngobj
ectwhi
le
forint el
l
igence operati
ons.I taids i
nt he sonar
’sareused t
o detectormovement
planning of an oper at
ion by pr ovidi
ng under
water
.
neededi nfor
mat ionespecial
lyi
nr ai
d.
k. CRYPT ANALYSI
S– Thisisamet hodof
c. UNDERCOVER OPERATI ON – Thisi st he i
ntel
l
igence oper
ati
on wher ei
n coded
form of sur veill
ance or i nvestigativ
e messagesar
eanal
yzedbyexpert
s.
techniquewhereint hei
nvest
igatordiscards
histrueidenti
tyandassumedanot herone l
. CENSORSHI P– Thi si st he method of
andmakesdi rectcontactwiththeper son, i
ntel
li
genceoperationisdonebyopeni ng
place,orsi t
uation underinvesti
gation or secr
etl
yletter
stoandf rom thesubj
ectof
j
oinst hetar
getor gani
zat
ion. i
nvesti
gati
onwi t
houtt heirknowl
edgethat
i
nfor
mat i
onwasbr each.
d. USEOFI NFORMER AND I NFORMANTS–
These ar e some oft he mosti mportant m.DOCUMENT EXPLOI TATION– Thisi st he
tools in pol i
ce int
ell
igence oper at
ions. mode of intelli
gence operati
on wher ein
I
nformant sarepeoplewhogi veinformation documents gathered ort aken from t he
without expect i
ng r ewards or f avor. subj
ectortargetor gani
zati
onarecol lat
ed,
I
nformer ,ont heotherhandi st hoset hat anal
yzed,interpreted and evaluated for
giveinformati
oni nexchangeofsomet hing i
mmedi at
eorf utureuse.
l
ike money ,f ood, accommodat ions or
favors. c. SEMIOVERT/ COVERTOPERATI ON/METHOD-
Whent hei nf
ormationisobtai
nedfrom open
e. USE OF PHOTOGRAPHI C EQUI PMENT – sour
ces butt he per
son agai
nstwhom t he
ni
ght v i
sion camer as,i nfr
ared f i
lms or i
nformation willbe sued do nothave any
i
nfrared photographyand used t elephoto knowledgeaboutit.
l
ensesorot hersophi st
icatedphot ographic
equipmentt ot ake orr ecord pi ctures of
SOURCESOFI
NFORMATI
ON
persons oract i
v i
ti
es orot herobj ects of
i
nterestnecessaryintheinvestigation.
A.GENERAL CLASSI
FICATI
ON OF SOURCES OF
f
. DEEP PENETRATI ON – Thi s t ype of I
NFORMATION
undercov eroper ati
oni nwhi cht echniques
are applied cont i
nuousl yand notov era 1. OPEN OR OVERT SOURCES – I tr eferst o
l
imitedper i
odoft i
me.I tisexceedi nglythe sour cesthatcanbeobt ai
nedwi t
houtr esor t
ing
mostdi f
ficult
,danger ous,timeconsumi ng, tospeci aleffortorcl andestineoper ation.The
and most del i
cate of al li nvestigativ
e i
nf ormationmaybeobt ai
nedf rom newsf i
l
es,
acti
vity,yetof tenthemostr ewar di
ng.The l
ibrar i
es,magazi nes,booksornon-cl assif
ied
agenther ei salway sindangerashehast o fi
lesi ncer t
ainpubl i
corpr i
vateof f
ices. 99% of
i
nfil
tratet heor ganizati
onf oral ongert i
me the i nf
ormat i
on collected comes f rom open
andbeapar tofthesai dor ganizati
on.The sour ces.
agent may be ar r
ested by any l aw a. EnemyAct i
vit
y
enforcementof fi
cerwhohasnoknowl edge b. Pow–Pr isonersOfWar
ofhisbei ngadeeppenet rati
onagent( DPA) c. Ci v
il
ians
orhiscov ermaybebl ownandhi sli
feand d. Capt uredDocument s
missionwi l
lbeov er. e. Map
f. Weat herFor ecast,Studies,Repor t
,Etc.
g. SURREPTITIOUSENTRY–Thi sisat
ypeof g. Agenci es
i
ntell
i
genceoper at
ionwhereinthepl
aceis h. Informant sAndI nformer
enter
ed secret
ly by an agentoragents
34
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

2. CLOSED ORCOVERTSOURCES– I trefersto

sourcesthatcannotbeobt ainedopenl y.They 2. DOUBLEAGENT-I tisanenemyagentwho has
canbeobt ainedinsideabuil
ding, saf
eorv aul
ts. been capt
ured,turn around and send back
1%ofi nf
ormat i
oncomesf rom cl osedsources. wherehecomef r
om anagentofhi scaptor
s.
a. Sur v
eill
ance Thosewhowor kbothsides.
b. Casing
c. Eli
citati
on 3. EXPENDABLE AGENT-Iti
san agentthough
d. Sur r
eptit
iousEntry fal
sei
nfor
mati
onisl
eakedt
otheenemy.
e. Empl oymentOfTechni calMeans
f. Tact i
calInterr
ogat
ion 4. PENETRATI ONAGENT–I ti
sanagentwhohas
g. Obser vati
onAndDescr ipti
on(Odex) suchreachedtheenemy ,getsi
nfor
mati
onand
wouldmanaget ogetbackali
ve.
B.DI
FFERENCE BETWEEN I
NFORMATI
ON AND
I
NTELLIGENCE 5. AGENTOFI NFLUENCE-I
tisanagentwhouses
i
nfl
uencet
ogaininf
ormat
ion.
I
NFORMATION INTELLI GENCE
6. AGENTPROVOCATEUR-Iti
sanagentwhoact
s
RawDat
a Processed
onhi
sdet
ri
mentbydi
scredi
ti
nghi
mself
.
I
nformat i
on
Canbe Cannotbe PROCESSING def i
ned –I ti s the step by whi ch
disseminatedtot he dissemi nat edt othe i
ntel
li
gence is createdfr
om t he r aw mat er
ial of
public publ ic i
nformati
on.Inthi
sphaset hecol
lectedinfor
mationis
Canbecol l
ected Cannotbecol l
ected tr
ansfor
med intoi nt
elli
gence.Pr ocessi
ng coll
ected
Knowledgeobt ained Knowl edgeacqui red i
nformati
oninvol
vesfourstages,t
owi t-
f
rom investi
gati
on, t
hrought he
study,i
nstruct
ion, processesof 1. COLLATI ON–Itistheor ganizat
ionofr
awdataand
newspaper s,etc. collection, i
nformation i
nto usablef orm;groupi
ng simil
ar
evaluation, and i
tems ofi nf
ormat i
onso thatt heywil
lbe readil
y
interpretat i
onofal l accessi
ble.Bri
nging togetherand compar
ing the
tr
uthful
nessoftheinformation.
avail
abl e
informat ion.
2. RECORDI NG–i tisthereduct i
onofi nformationinto
writing or some ot her f orm of geogr aphi cal
representati
onandt hearrangi ngofthisinf
or mation
i
nto gr oups ofr el
ated items.The pur pose of
recor di
ngistof aci
li
tat
ethet askoft heintel
ligence
officer.
EVALUATI ON–I tist he exami nati
on ofr aw
i
nf ormation to det er
mi ne i nt
ell
igence v alue,
per t
inence/rel
iabil
it
yoft hei nformation,credibili
ty
oft hesourceandagencyandi tsaccuracyort r
uth
ofinf or
mation.

EVALUATI
ONGUI
DE

RELI
ABI
LITY ACCURACY SOURCE

A…Completel
y 1…Confi
rmed T…Secr
et
rel
i
abl
e byother i
nfor
mant
sour
ces
B…Usual
ly 2…Probably U…Penet rati
on
COLLECTIONOFTHEI NFORMATION rel
i
abl
e tr
ue agent
PROCUREMENT def ined -Procurementas used i
n C…Fai
rl
y 3…Possibl
y V…Repor t by
i
ntell
igenceparl
anceistheaggressi
veeff
ortt
oacquir
e rel
i
abl
e tr
ue PNP/ AFP
cert
ainspecifi
cinfor
mat i
onwhichmaynotber eadi
l
y
avai
lable. D…Notusuall
y 4…Doubtful
ly W…
rel
i
abl
e tr
ue Int
errogation of
A.KI
NDS OF AGENT I
N PROCUREMENT OF capture enemy
I
NFORMATI
ON agent/for ei
gner
E…Unr
eli
abl
e 5…I
mpr
obabl
e X…Obser v
ation
1. AGENTI NPLACE–I ti
sanagentwhohasbeen
ofgov ernment
recruit
ed by an i
ntel
l
igence ser
vice wi
thi
na
highlysensi
ti
vetar
get. andci vi
l
ian

35
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

employeeor sext
ogai
nint
ell
i
gencef
rom apower
ful
enemy
.
off
ici
al
F…Reli
abi
l
ity 6…Trut
h Y…Populace
notknown cannot be METHODSANDTECHNI
QUESOFCOLLECTI
NG
j
udged I
NFORMATION
Z…Document
ary
CLANDESTI NEOPERATI ON
ELICITATION
EXAMPLEOFEVALUATI ON: CASI NG
1. A1-Y-Thismeansthattherepor
twasmadeby SURVEI LLANCE
a memberofa popul acewho iscompletel
y Sur v
eill
anceofPl ace
rel
i
ableandthatt
heinformati
onwasconf
ir
med Shadowi ng/Tai
ling
byothersour
ces.
Cover&Under coverAssi gnment /Roping
OBSERVATI ON&DESCRI PTION( ODEX)
INTERPRETATI ON OFI NFORMATI ON -Itdetermines INTERVI EW &TACTI CALI NTERROGATI ON
the SIGNIFICANCE and MEANI NG of infor
mat i
on. USEOFI NFORMER&I NFORMANT
Determinat
ion oft he signif
icance ofinfor
mat i
on in PORTRAI TPARLEY
rel
ationtot heinf
oandi ntelalreadyathandandt he ORDEROFBATTLE( ORBAT)
drawingofdeduct i
onast ot heprobabl
emeani ngof OTHERS:
evaluat
ed i
nfo. I
NFORMATI ON becomes Sketching
INTELLIGENCE. Phot ography
Pr ovocati
on
 STAGESOFI
NTERPRETATI
ON ========================================
A.CLANDESTI NEOPERATI ONdef i
ned
1. ANALYSI S–I tisthesi ft
ingandisolati
ngthose - I ti s a secr et action undertaken by an
el
ement sthathav esi gnifi
canceinl i
ghtofthe intel
li
gence/counter-i
ntell
igenceorganizati
onin
mission or nat ional obj ectives. The behalf of the Gov ernment or ot her fri
endl
y
determinati
on of si
gni
ficance of forces.
i
nformat i
onrelati
ve t o t he information and
i
ntelli
gence al eady known and dr
r awing ========================================
deductions aboutpr obable meaning oft he B.ELI CI
TATI ON
evaluatedinformation. - I ti
sthet echni
queofacquiri
ngi nformat
ion’sor
intel
l
igence of oper ati
onal v alue through
2. INTEGRATI ON –I tisthe combination oft he conversati
onfrom apersonwhoi snotawar eor
element s stated in assessment wi th other unawar e or t he speci
fi
c pur pose of t he
known i nformat i
on orintel
li
gence tof orm a conversati
on.
l
ogi calpict
ure,featur
e,t
heor yorhypothesi
sf or
enemy act i
vi
ties or i nformati
on of t he TWOBASI
CDEVI
CESI
NELI
CITATI
ON
oper ati
onalar ea and character
isti
cs of t he
mi ssionofthecommand.
1. APPROACH -Usedt ostar
taconv ersati
on,orto
shif
tthedi
recti
onofanexi
sti
ngconversat
ion.Thi
s
3. DEDUCTI ON – the f ormulati
on of al
lowstheeli
cit
ort
ocont
rolt
hetopi
c.
conclusionsfr
om t het heorydev eloped,tested
andconsi deredv ali
d–det erminationofef f
ort
TYPESOFAPPROACH
andmeani ngoft heinformat i
on.LASTSTEPi n
i
nterpretati
onofi nformation
--
--
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--
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---
- 1. FLATTERY-Peopl earesuscept i
blet opraise.It
- i
sef fecti
vebecauset heyappealtot heego, self
-esteem and pr omi nence ofan i ndivi
dualt o
A.SPYdef i
ned
guide hi m/her into a conv ersati
on on t he
Spyi sanempl oyeeofagov ernmentwhoseeks
subjectofi nterest.A techniqueoff l
atteryi s
secret informat i
on i n or f r
om anot her count ry
, i
nsinuat i
ngthatt hesourcesar eanaut horityon
especial
ly about mi li
tary mat ters. The one who apar ti
culart
opic.
conductsespi onage. a. TEACHER–PUPI LAPPROACH–Makest he
person expresst opicsabouthi m/her self
.
TACTI
CALSPYI
NGEMPLOYS: Mostpeopl eliketotalkaboutthemsel ves.

 HONEYTRAP–t heuseofbeaut
if
ulwomeni
n b. KINDRED SOULAPPROACH- “Miseryloves
under
cov
erwor
k. company ”;people express a need f or
recogni
tion, par
ti
cul
arl
y t he l
onel y
,t he
 ROMEO – t
he use/
plant
ing ofgood l
ooki
ng neglect
ed, t
hevai
nandt hosewit
hf eeli
ngof
mani
nunder
coverwork. i
nf er
ior
it
y .

 DRONE– TRAPS– r eferst

ot hehomosexual c. GOOD SAMARITAN APPROACH-Dogood
agent
s/spyinundercoverworks.Consi
deredas deedsorf
avor
sfort
hesour
ces.
Animpromptuintel
ligenceagentofPhil
isti
nes.
She swall
owed (accept )Phi
li
sti
nes spies t
o d. PARTI
AL– DI
SAGREEMENTAPPROACH–
hi
deinherhouse( Judges16: 9)andusedher Seekt
opr
oducetal
kingbyt
heword“I
’m
36
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

sur
eifIf
ull
yagr
ee”
. buti
tcanproduceacer
tai
namountofusabl
e
i
nfor
mati
on.
2. PROVOCATI VE APPROACH-Di scovera wide
range of conv ersati
onal gambi t
s. These 3. RESEARCH WORK– muchi nf
ormat
ioncanbe
appr oachesaredesi gnedtoinducet hesour
ce acqui
redt
hroughr
esear
ch.
todef endaposi ti
on,stateacreed,orcorr
ecta
wrongi mpression. 4. OPERATI
ONALDATARESEARCH
a. TEASER BAI T APPROACH– Make t he
sourcebeli
evey ouknowmor ethanhe/she 5. PRIORINFORMATION–y ourunitandofthe
aboutthetopic. uni
twil
lhavefi
ler
epor
tthattheymaypr ovi
de
youwit
hinfor
mati
on.
b. MANHATTAN FROM/MI SSOURI
APPROACH- The el ici
tor adopts an 6. HEARSAY–i nfousual l
ygainbyt heperson
unbel
ievabl
eattit
udeaboveanythi
ng.Hew operati
ngi nthear eaandper formi ngcasingjob.
quest
ionsallst
atement
sandoppositi
on. ========================================
D.SURVEI LLANCE
c. JOE BLOW APPROACH– Pur posel y 1. PRE- SURVEI LLANCE CONFERENCE: A
disagreewi t
ht hesour cetoinduceanger . conferencehel damongt het eam member ,the
poli
cei ntell
i
genceunt ilbeforeasur veil
l
ancei s
d. NATI ONAL PRI DE APPROACH– Nat ural conduct ed.
propensi t yofal lper sonst odef endst heir
count ryandi tspolicies. 2. SURVEI LLANCE:Theobser vationofpl acesor
areasfrom af ixedpoi nt.
2. PROBE-At horoughi nvestigat i
on,ofteni nt
oi l
legal
orsuspiciousact ivi
ties.A pr obeisanat t
emptt o 3. TAILINGORSHADOWI NG:I tist heobser vat
ion
obtai
nmor einf ormat ionaf tert hesuspectgi vesa ofaper son’senv i
ronment .
vague,i
ncompl etegener alresponse.I tisusedwi th
anapproachi nor dertosust ai naconv ersation. 4. UNDERCOVER MAN:A per son t r
ained and
a. COMPLETI ON PROBE- I nserting bitsof penetrated cer tai
n organization suspect ed of
factuali nf ormation’sonapar t
iculartopi c, il
l
egal act ivi
ties and l ater r eports t he
thesour cemaybei nfl
uencedt oconf ir
m observat i
on and i nf
ormat i
on so t hatpr oper
andf urtherexpandont hetopic. operati
onal actioncanbemade.

b. CLARITYPROBE–Ar equestforaddit
ional 5. LIAISONPROGRAM:Thi si st
heassi gnmentsof
i
nfor
mat i
onwher et
hesourcesresponsein tr
ainedi ntel
li
gencepersonneltootheragencies
uncl
ear.Forexampl
e,“Iagr
ee,butwhatdo i
n or der to obt ai
n informati
on of pol i
ce
youmeanby ….” i
ntelli
gencev alue.(
Agenciesli
kethepr es,cr
edi
t
agenci es,
laborunions,
tel
.compani es,etc.
).
c. HIGH PRESSUREPROBE–I tservestopin
downasubj ectinaspecif
icareaori tmay 6. SAFEHOUSE:I ti
saplace,buil
ding,encl
osed
beusedtopoi ntoutcont
radict
ionsinwhat mobile, or an apartment, where pol i
ce
thesubj
ecthassaid. undercovermen meethi s act
ion agentfor
debri
efingorr
epor
ti
ngpurposes.
d. HYPOTHETI C PROBE– Canbeassoci ated
with at houghtori deaexpressed byt he 7. DROP: I t is a convenient
, secure, and
sources.Manypeopl ewhomi ghtnotmake unsuspect
ingplacewher
eapol i
ce,undercov
er
acommentconcer ninganactualev entmay men meethi sactionagentfordebri
efi
ng or
express an opi nion on a hy pothet i
cal repor
ti
ngpurposes.
si
tuation.
======================================== 8. CONVOY:Anaccompl
i
ceorassoci
ateoft
he
C.CASI NG subj
ect
.
- t he v i
sualobser vati
on of place,bui ldi
ng or
i
nstall
ati
oni nor dert ofindoutitssui t
abili
tyf or 9. DECOY:Anypersonorsubject
,al
mostsi
milar
operati
onalact i
vit
ies,l
ikesafehouse,deaddr ops, to the subj
ect used t
o av oi
d or el
ude
personalmeet ingplaceforagents,establi
shment sur
veil
l
ance.
forcommuni cati
onnet workandt r
aininggr ounds
for agent . I t i s ot her
wise known as
10.CONTACT:Anypersonwhom thesubjectpi
cks
RECONNAI SSANCE.
ordeal
swi
thwhil
eheisundersurv
eil
lance.
A.METHODSOFCASI
NG
11.MADE: When subj ect under surv
eil
lance
becomesawar et
hathei sunderobserv
ation
1. PERSONAL RECONNAI SSANCE– t he most
andident
if
iest
heobser
ver(
burnout
).
ef
fect
ive means ofreconnai
ssance and wi
ll
pr
oducedthemostinfor
mat i
onsinceyouknow
j
ustwhatyou’
rel
ookingfor. 12.LOST:Whent hesurvei
l
lancedoesnotknowthe
whereaboutsoft
heirsubjectort
hesubj
ecthad
el
udedt hesur
vei
ll
ants.
2. MAPRECONNAI
SSANCE–i
tmaynotsuf
fi
cient
37
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

TYPESOFSURVEI
LLANCE aper son.
3. Under coveri nvesti
gationorRopi ng-I tisan
1. ACCORDI NGTOI NTENSI
TYANDSECURI TY i
nv estigat
iveinwhi chagentconcealhisof f
ici
al
a. DISCREET–subjectper
sont obewatchi
s i
dent i
ty and obt ains inf
ormati
on from t hat
unawarethathei
sunderobserv
ati
on. organization.I tisa f orm ofinvest
igati
on in
whi cht hei nvesti
gatorassumesdi ff
erentand
b. CLOSE–subjectisawarethatheisunder unof f
icial
ident i
tyi
nor dertoobt
aininf
ormat i
on
obser
vat
ionv
ar i
edoneachoccasi
on.
METHODSOFSHADOWI
NGORTAI
LING
c. LOOSE–appl iedfrequentl
yori nf
requentl
y,
period of obser vati
on v ari
ed on each 1. ONE- MANSHADOW
occasion. 2. LEAPFROG–Thi si savari
ationoftheoneman
2. ACCORDI NGTOMETHODS met hod wher eint he r
oute oft he subjecti s
a. STATI ONARY OR FI XED– The subjectof alr
eadyknownt othesurveil
lant.Hejustfol
lows
thesur vei
l
lancei saper sonoranact i
vity thesubj ectforawhi l
e,ceasef rom tail
i
ngand
thathasf i
xposi t
ion.Thisisobservat
ionof fol
lows t he subj ectagaini n anotherplace
placesusual l
yabooki estall
,agambl ing, wher ethesubj ectusual
lypasses.
j
oint,aresidencewher eil
legalact
ivi
ti
esare 3. GROUP–Thi si sthetechniquewher eincontact
goingon.(Fixedposition) witht hesubj ecti sconstantandt heshadow
hasl essriskofbei ngi
dentif
ied.
b. MOVI NGORMOBI LE–Thesubj ectont his
typeofsur veil
lancei smov i
ng.Sur vei
l
lance a. TWO- MAN SHADOW- The subj ect is
foll
owst hesubj ectf r
om t heplacet oplace fol
lowedbyonewhil
et heotherf
oll
owst he
to mai nt ai
n cont i
nuous wat ch of hi s shadow. This i
s mor e advantageous
activit
ies.sev eralopt i
onsar eav ail
ablef or becauseitper
mit
simmedi atechangeand
thisoper at i
on: arelessl
i
kelyt
oberecogni
zed.
1. FOOTSURVEI LLANCE– Thesubj ecti s
foll
owedonf oot. b. THREEMAN SHADOW OR ABC METHOD
2. MOTORI ZED SURVEI LLANCE– Usi ng OF SHADOWI NG-“ A”f ol lowst hesubj ect
cars, mot orcycleorbi cycl
e. whil
e“ B”and“ C”t aket urnsi noccupy i
ng
3. AERI AL SURVEI LLANCE– Use of the place of“ A”.The f ollowing ar et he
air
pl aneorhel i
copt er advantagesofABCmet hod:
4. WATER SURVEI LLANCE– Use of 1. Ift hesubj ectbecomessuspi ciousof
wat er cr
aft. anyoft heoper ator
s,t hatper soncan
quicklydr opoutf r
om t het ail
a. TECHNICAL– Thisis surv
eil
lance bythe 2. If suddenl yt urns a cor ner,A may
useofcommuni cat
ionsandel ectr
onicor cont i
nue st raight ahead i nstead of
buggi
ng dev i
ces, hardware’
s gadget s, hur ry
ing t ot he cor nerand anxi ously
syst
em and equipment in gatheri
ng of looking f ort he subj ect .B may t hen
i
nformat
ion. crosst hest reetandf oll
ow t hesubj ect,
thust akingupt heplaceofA’ sposi ti
on.
C mor eoverhasbeeni naposi ti
ont o
SURVEI
LLANCEv
s.RECONNAI
SSANCE
viewanysuddendi sappear ancei ntothe
building.
SURVEILLANCE is cont
inuous and has general
obj
ecti
veswhileRECONNAISSANCEi sint
ermit
tentand ROPI
NGv
s.SHADOWI
NG
hasspeci
fi
cobject
ives.
Ropingi st
heSur vei
l
lanceofotherthings,events
TACTI
CSOFSURVEI
LLANCE and activi
ti
es.Whi l
e shadowing or tai
ling i
st he
surv
eil
lanceofperson.
1. LOOSE TAI LI
NG TACTICS– itis employed
========================================
where a gener
alimpr
essi
on ofthe subj
ect’
s
habi
tandassociat
esar
erequi
red. E.OBSERVATI ONANDDESCRI PTION(ODEX)

A.OBSERVATI ONdefined
2. ROUGH SHADOWI NG TACTI CS– empl oyed
I
ti st he complete accurate awareness by an
withoutaspecialpr
ecauti
onmay beusedwhen
thecrimi
nalmustbeshadowedandi sawareof i
ndiv
idualofhi ssurroundi
ngs andencompassest he
thi
sf act
;orwher ethesubjectisa nati
onal useofallt
hemaj orsensestoregisterandrecogni
zei
ts
witnessandmustbepr otect
edf r
om harm or oper
ati
onal ori
ntel
li
gencesigni
ficance.
otherundesi
rablei
nfl
uence.
B.DESCRI ONdef
PTI ined
3. CLOSE TAI
LI NGTACTICS– shadowing wit
ha Itisthefact
ualreport
ingofwhati sobser
ved.Iti
s
pr
ecaut
ion taken agai
nstlosi
ng the subject theactualandfact
ualreport
ingofone’sobser
vati
onor
wher
econstantsurvei
ll
ancei
snecessary.
thereport
edsensoryexperi
encerecountedbyanot
her.
KI
NDSOFSURVEI LLANCE
1. Sur
veil
lanceofpl
ace C.PSYCHOLOGI
CAL PROCESSES FOR ACCURATE
2. Tai
li
ngorshadowing-Iti
stheactoff
oll
owi
ng APPROXI
MATELY

38
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

i
nter
rogat
orknowshi
mver
ywel
l(al
li
sknown)
.
1. 85%ofy ourknowledgei
sgatheredthr
ough
si
ght D.EXASPERATI ON TECHNI QUE( HARASSMENT) -
2. 13%y ourheari
ng Effect i
v ely empl oy ed agai nsthost il
et ype of
3. 2%t hr
oughthet hr
eesenses i
nt errogee. The i nterrogat or must be al ert
======================================== because t he i nterrogee may f abricate
F.I
NTERVI EW &TACTI CALINTERROGATI ON i
nf ormat ion t o gai n r erl
ief f rom i rr
itation
(monot y pe).Subj ecti nterrogeei splacedi na
l
ongerper i
od ofi nterr
ogat orwi thoutr estor
Int
ervi
ew Int
errogat i
on
sleep.Thei nterr
ogat orper mi tst hesour cest o
1. Iti s a simpl
e 1. Quest ioning go t o sl eep and subsequent l
y awaken f or
questi
oni
ng of a somebodycl osel y
,of ten anot herser ies ofquest i
oning ( t
hisi s done
person who i
n an aggr essive repeat edl y). Af t
er many r epeti
ti
ons, t he
cooperat
es wi
ththe manner ; i
nt errogeewi l
lbeexasper atedandwi l
lf i
nal l
y
i
nvesti
gator
. 2. Iti nvolves ski l
l
f ul cooper atehopi ngthathecanbeal l
owedt or est
questioning of host il
e orsl eep.Askaquest i
on,l istent oar eplyand
thenaskt hesamequest i
onr epeatedly( usea
wit
nessandsuspect s;
taper ecor deri fpossi ble).Thepur posedi st o
2. Witnesses 3.Interrogat i
on appl ies bor et hei nterrogeet horoughl yunt i
lhebegi ns
vol
untari
ly giv
et hei
rt o an uncooper ative or to answer quest ions f r eely t o end t he
accounts about t he rel
uctantwi tness; har assment .
commi ssi
on of a
cri
me. E. OPPOSI TE PERSONALI TY TECHNI QUE - Al
so
3.Thepur posei st o 4.The pur pose i st o knownas“ Mut tandJef f”,“TreatandRescue” ,
“Bad GuyorGood Guy ”,“ Sweetand Sour ”
,
obtai
n admission obtai
n admi ssi
on or
“Sugar– Vi negar ”,“DevilAngel ”.Uset wo( 2)
only. confession. i
nterrogators play i
ng opposi ter oles.
The f i
rst
setofi nvesti
gat orsmustappeart ober ough,
Confession Admi ssi
on meananddanger ous.Whent heyhadf ini
shed
1.declar
ati
onofguilt 1.statementoffacts the i nt
errogati
on, t he second i nvesti
gator
i
ntervenes by st opping t he f i
rst set of
2.The statement of the 2. The per son only
i
nv esti
gators. By bei ng sy mpat hetic and
accused i
s he acknowledged f act
s or understanding,hebegi nshi sint
errogat i
on. If
acknowledged hi s guil
t ci
rcumst ances of t he thesuspectst il
lr efusest ocooper ate,thenthe
fr
om thecommi ssi
onofa cri
me; processisr epeat edunt i
lt hereisaconf essi
on
cri
me; (Mitchel
l,2002).
3.Guil
tisadmitt
ed. 3.Ther
eisnoaccept
ance
ofgui
lt
. F. EGOTI ST TECHNI QUE ( PRIDE AND EGO) -
Usuallysuccessf ulwhenempl oyedagai nstan
i
nterrogeewhohasdi splayedaweaknessora
feeli
ng of i nsecuri
ty.You may r everse the
technique by compl et
ing t he int
errogee in
I
NTERROGATI
ONTECHNI
QUES: hopes of get t
ing him t o admi t cer tai
n
i
nf or
mat iontogai ncr
edits.Descri
behim ast he
A.THE “OPEN TECHNI QUE”-
The inter
rogat
oris bestef fecti
veont hesour cewho hav ebeen
openanddirecti
nhisapproachandmakesno l
ookeddownuponbyhi ssuper i
orsorcomr ade.
att
empts to conceal the purpose of the
i
nterr
ogat
or.I
tisthebestempl oyedwhent he G.SILENT TECHNI QUE - Empl oyed agai nst
i
nterr
ogeeiscooper
ati
ve. nervous ort he conf i
dentt ype ofi nter
rogee.
Lookoutt hei nterrogeesquar el
yi ntheey ewith
B.THE “COMMON I NTEREST”- Thei nterr
ogat
or sarcasti
csmi le( forcehimt obreakey econtact
mustexer tef
forttoimpr esstheinterrogeeof fi
rst)
.Hemayaskquest ionbutt heinterr
ogator
thei
rcommoni nter
est.Thei nterr
ogat ormust mustnotanswer .Pat i
encei sneed.Whent he
l
ook f orthe point
st hatthe int
er r
ogee wil
l i
nterrogatorisr eadyt obr eaksilence,hemay
recei
veifhecooperates. dosowi t
haqui etlyandnon–chol antl
yasked
aquest i
ont hatt hei nt
errogeeissur eofbeinga
C.RECORDFI LE(WEKNOW ALLTECHNI QUES)- partofthesubj ect s.
Thei nterrogatorpr epar eaf i
leont hesour ce
l
isti
ngal lknowni nformat ion(recordshoul dbe H.QUESTI ONBARRAGETECHNI QUE( RAPI DFIRE
padded t o make i t appear t o be v ery QUESTI ONING) - Intended to conf use the
extensive.)Theinf ormat i
onmustcont ai
nst he i
nter
rogeeandputhi mi ntoadefensi
veposi t
ion.
l
ife history oft he i nterrogee toi nclude his Theinterr
ogeebecomef r
ustr
atedandconf used,
activ
iti
esAndknownassoci at
es( party–bi o– hewillli
kelyr
evealmor ethanheintended,thus
dataoft hei nt
err
ogeei si mpor t
ant).
Dur ingthe cr
eatingopeningforfurt
herquesti
oning.
approach, t he i nterr
ogat or may ask t he
i
nterrogee abouta subj ect,ifhe r efuses to I
. EMOTIONAL APPEAL-Thi si sat echni
que
cooper ate,t he interrogat or my pr ovide the wherethei
nvest
igat
or,combi
ningtheskill
sof
answer i n or der i mpr ess him t hat t he an act
orand a psychol
ogi
st,addresses the
39
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

suspectwi thanemot i
onalappealt oconf ess.
Thisi s appl
icablet of i
rsttime of fender
s or 3. INVOLUNTARYINFORMANTS–t
hosewhogive
those who ar e of t he emot ionalt ype of i
nformati
onev
enthought
heydonotdesi
reof
characteri
sti
cs di spl
ayed by ner vousness or doingso.
emot i
onaldisturbances.Dev oteesofar el
i
gion
maybel ongtot histype. 4. CONFI DENTIALI NFORMANTS–Aper sonwho
provi
des t he pol i
ce wi th conf i
dential
J. SYMPATHETI C APPROACH-The i nvest
igat
or, i
nformat i
onconcer ni
ngapr ev i
ouscri
meora
i
nhi sprel
imi
nar yorprobingquestionsmustdig proj
ectedandpl annedcrime.Hedoesnotwant
deep i nt
o t he past t r
oubles, pli
ght and tobei dentif
iedast hesourceofi nf
ormat i
on.
unfort
unateev ent
si nt helifeoft hesuspect. Undert helaw,theseinformantsareprotected
Anof f
erofhelp,kindness,fri
endli
ness,maywin andt heiri
denti
tycouldnotber ev
eal
edbyt he
hi
scooper at
ion. poli
ceev enundert heorderofthecourtunless
onexcept i
onalcasewher et herei
sacl aim of
K.FRIENDLI
NESS -A fr
iendl
yapproachcoupled thedefensethattheinfor
mant .
.
wit
h a post
ure ofsincer
it
y may induce t
he
suspectt
oconf
ess. 5. SPECIAL I
NFORMANTS– those who wi
thout
conceal
mentwi
ll
prov
idei
nfor
mati
on.
========================================
A.I NFORMANTSANDI NFORMER SUB–TYPESOFI
NFORMANTS

Informer I
nformant s 1. INCIDENTAL INFORMANT– a per son who
Ani ndiv
idualwhogi ves Unl iketheinformermay casuall
yimpart
sinf
ormat
iontoanoffi
cerwith
i
nfor mationf orapr i
ce or may not r eceive no i ntenti
on of pr ovi
ding subsequent
i
nformation.
orrewar d.Hemaybei n monet ary
thepay rolloft hel aw– compensat ion for
2. RECRUITED INFORMANT– a person who i
s
enforcementagencyor i nfor mati
ongi v
en sel
ected culti
vat
ed and dev eloped int
o
he maynot .Theyar e cont
inuoussour
ceofi
nfor
mat
ion.
eit
herpai dr egul ar
lyor
i
nacase- to-
casebasi s,  CATEGORI
ES OF RECRUI
TED
ornoneatal l. I
NFORMANTS:
Prov i
desi nformat i
ont o Does not pr ov i
des
thepol i
ceonar egular infor mati
on t o t he a. SPONTANEOUS OR AUTOMATI C
INFORMANTS–i nformantswhobyt he
basis. poli
ce on a r egular
nature of thei
r work or posi
ti
on in
basis societyhaveacer tai
nl egal
,moralor
Theyar ecul tivatedand Doesnotcul ti
vateand ethical responsi
bil
it
ies t o r epor
t
establi
shed by t he est abli
shed by t he i
nf ormat
iontothepoli
ce.
policeonamor eorl ess pol i
ce.They v olunteer
permanent char acter t hemselves t o gi ve b. ORDINARY RUN OF THE MI LL
INFORMANTS– infor
mants t
hat are
andasl ongast heyar e infor mati
on.
under the compulsi
on to report
l
oy alandusef ult ot he i
nformat
iont
othepoli
ce.
policeorgani zation.
c. SPECI
ALEMPLOYEE– inf
ormantswho
TYPESOFI
NFORMERS: ar
eofaspeci
fi
coper
ati
onnatur
e.

1. Ordi
nar
yi nf
ormer– one who openly gi
ves OTHERTYPESOFI
NFORMANTS
i
nfor
mationbutexpectany
thi
ngi
nret
urn,
eit
her
moneyorfavor
. 1. ANONYMOUS I NFORMANT- He may be an
anonymousphonecal l
er,l
ett
erwr it
erorat ext
2. Confidenti
alinfor
mer s–onewhoconf i
denti
all
y sender. Never tel
lthe inf
ormant t hat t he
provi
des information wi
ththe underst
anding i
nvesti
gatoralr
eadyknowstheinformation.The
thathisident
itywil
lnotberevealedandthathe dutyistorecei
vet hei
nfor
mation,nottor eveal
will
compensat ewi thmoneyorfavor
. anyotherinfor
mat i
ontothecalleraboutf acts
al
readyknown.
TYPESOFI
NFORMANTS:
2. SELF- AGGRANDI ZING INFORMANT-Thi skind
1. CRIMINALI NFORMANT– I nf
ormantwhogi ve ofi nformantmov es around the center
s of
i
nformati
on tot he police per
taini
ng tot he cri
mi nals,grouporsy ndicat
eanddel i
ghtsin
underworl
d ofor gani
zed criminals wit
ht he surprisi
ngt hepoli
ceaboutbi t
sofinformation.
underst
andingt
hathisidenti
tywil
lbepr ot
ect
ed. Hisi nformation maybe ofv al
ue bywayof
authenticat
ioninint
ell
i
genceoper at
ion.
2. VOLUNTARY I NFORMANTS– those who
knowingl
y,freel
y and vol
unt
ari
l
y prov
ides 3. ELI
MINATIONINFORMANTS–Thiski
ndmostl
y
i
nformati
on. maint
ainsbei
nganony
mous.Hi
spurposei
sto
40
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

el
iminat
et he r
ivalper
son organg due to accessori
eswhowi l
lhav eachangei nheartto
competi
ti
onorothermotiv
essuchasrevenge, unburdentheirconscience.
etc. ========================================
H.PORTRAI TPARLE( P/P)defined
4. FALSE I NFORMANTS–. Usual l
y r eveals  I ti
sameansofusi ngdescript
iont
er msin
i
nf or
mat ionofnoconsequence,valueorstuff rel
ati
ontot heper sonalfeat
uresofindi
vi
dual
connect ed wi
ththin ai
r.His purpose i
st o anditcanbr i
eflydescri
beasawor ddescri
ption
appeart obeont hesideoft helaw andf or orspokenpi ctures.
throwing outthe suspi
cion f
rom himsel
for
from hisgangorassoci
ates. ========================================
I.ORDEROFBATTLEI NTELLIGENCE(OBI)defined
5. MERCENARY I NFORMANTS–He may be a
 I tisdef i
ned asthemanneri n which armed
valuabl
eone.Theinformanthasinfor
mationfor
forces of the Phi l
ippi
nes are or gani
zed,
sale.Hemayhav ebeenv ict
imizedinadouble-
disposed,maneuv
ered,andsuppli
ed.
crossorlit
tl
esharei nthelootorgivenadirty
dealandseeksr evengeashewi l
lprof
itinhis
discl
osure(Magl
inao,2009).
========================================
6. DOUBLE CROSSER I NFORMANT– uses hi s J.OTHERMETHODSOFCOLLECTI
NGI
NFORMATI
ON
seeming desiret o givei nf
ormation as an
excusetotalktothepoliceinordertogetmor e SKETCHI
NG
i
nformationthanhegiv es.Tocountert hiski
nd - Consi
stsofput ti
ngidealsinanaccur ate
ofinformant,the pol
ice applyt he decepti
on pi
ctor
ialform.Iti
sameansofdest roying
methodbygi vi
nghimf alseinf
ormationt hatwi
ll anobjectorar
eatosati
sfyapart
icul
arneed.
l
eadt ohiscaptur
e. Thefoll
owingarethemethodofsket
ching:

MOTI
VESOFI
NFORMANTS 1. ONTHESPOT– appl i
ed when secur it
y
conditi
ons on the place of observation
1. REWARD OR REMUNERATI
ON – Sol
elyf
or all
owst heobservertosketchordr aw t he
monet
aryorot
hergai
n. objectontheareaanyti
me.
2. MEMORYMETHOD– appl i
edwhensecur it
y
2. REVENGE – To hitback t
o hi
s opponent conditi
onsont hear
eai si
nsuchawayt hat
thr
ought
heaut
hor
it
ies. theobservercanonlypassbyorlingerfora
veryshortper
iodofti
me.
3. FRIENDSHIP-Themutualfeel
ingsoft
rustand 3. SEMI -MEMORYMETHOD
aff
ecti
on and t he behav i
or that typif
y
rel
ati
onshi
psbet
weenf
r i
ends PHOTOGRAPHY
- Itistheprocessofproduci
ng i
mageon
4. PATRI
OTISM -Aproudsuppor
terordef
enderof sensi
ti
zed mater
ialby vari
ant f
rom of
hi
sorhercount
ryandit
swayoflif
e radi
antener
gy.

5. COMPETI TIONOR RI
VALRY – He want sto PROVOCATION
el
iminat
et he ot
herpart
y by exposi
ng i
tto - Theact i
ontakeni
nordertoinci
ter
eacti
on
aut
horit
ies fr
om a known adv er
sary orto obser
ve
adversar
y.
6. JEALOUSY–dr i
venbyj eal
ousyorenv
yagai
nst
theot
herpar
tybeingexposed. PURPOSESOFPROVOCATI ON:
1. Revealt he t
rue st
atus ofan assumed
7. VANITY-Themoti
veisf
orsel
f-
aggr
andi
zement adversary
bygaini
ngfav
orabl
eatt
ent
ionandimport
ance 2. Make a known adv ersar
y t
ake self
-
bypoli
ce. damagi ngact
ion

8. CIVIC MI NDEDNESS –A sense of good ========================================

ci
tizenshipandwant sj
usti
cetobedone.Those A.I NTELLIGENCEAGENCYdef i
ned,
i
mbuedwi ththesenseofdutyandobl
igat
ionto - A gov ernmental
agency t hat is dev ot
ed t o
assistthepoli
ceinthei
rtask. i
nformat i
on gather
ing (known i
nt he cont
extas
"i
ntel
li
gence")forpurposesofnati
onalsecuri
tyand
9. FEARANDAVOI DANCEOFPUNI SHMENT-Iti
s defense.
the engendered il
l
usi
on ofoppressi
on f
rom
enemiesorfrom impendi
ngdanger
s. NATI
ONALI NTELLIGENCECOORDI NATINGAGENCY
(
NICA)
10.GRATITUDE– Anexpr essi
onoft
hanksgi
vi
ng - is t he pr i
mary intell
igence gatheri
ng and
foraf
avororhel
precei
ved. anal
y si
s arm oft he Phil
ippi
ne 
government
,in
charge of car rying out ov ert,
 
cover
t,
11.REPENTANCE–Changeofhear tandwantsto andclandest
ine 
int
ell
igenceprograms.
ref
orm hisli
fefr
om acriminalorl
aw v
iolat
or.
Thoselessercr
iminal
ssuchasaccompli
cesor MOTTO:
 
41
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

- AngKarununganayKal
igt
asan  regi
mesuppor t
edbyt hemili
taryandthepoli
ce
(
"KnowledgeisSaf
ety
"). elementstocrushthesubv ersi
veelementsat
thatt
ime
Presentl
y,NI CA i
si n close coordi
nat
ion with b. Col.Vicent
eS.Yumul–i n1986t ookoveras
DG ofNI CAafterFav
ianVerwasoust edwhen
t
he CIA,
 Mossad,
 Secr
et I nt
ell
igence Ser vi
ce and
CoryAquinobecamePr esi
dent.
i
ntel
li
genceservicesof 
ASEANcount r
iest
ocounterthe
t
hreatof t
err
ori
sm. B.NOTABLE I NTELLI
GENCE AGENCI ES IN THE
WORLD
Theagencyisledbya DIRECTOR-GENERAl 
andi s a. UNITEDSTATESOFAMERI CA–CI A
assisted by a Deput
y Dir
ector-
Gener
al.The f
ormer b. GREATBRITAIN-MI-5ANDMI -
6
c. ISRAEL–MOSSAD, SHINBET
reports dir
ectl
y t o the Pr esi
dent
. Its present
d. RUSSIA–FSB( f
ormerl
yknown:KGB)
headquarter
sarelocat
edinQUEZONCI TY.
UNI
TEDSTATES
ALEXPAULI .MONTEAGUDOi st hecurrentdir
ector  CentralI
nt elligenceAgency( CIA)
gener al
ofNI CA.  CI Awascr eatedundert heUSNat i
onal
TheNI CAhasaNATI ONALINTELLIGENCEBOARD Secur it
yActof1947 ( 9/
18/ 1947)under
thatserv esasanadvisor
yboar
dt otheDirector-
Gener al theNat ionalSecur ityCounci lwi thRear
Admi ral Roscoeasf ir
stDi r
ect or.
beforehewoul dsubmi thi
sfi
ndingst othePr esident
 FederalBur eauofI nvesti
gati
on( FBI )
rel
ating t o nati
onal secur
it
y mat ters af f
ecting  I t
’spr i
mar i
lyroleint hei ntell
i
gence
the 
Phi l
ippines. syst em oft heUni t
edSt atesisi n
count erint el
li
gencesy stem oft he
HISTORY primar il
yt ointernalsecur i
tywithin
TheNI CAwascr eat edbyv i
rtueofExecut i
v eOr der theUni t
edSt ates.
235si gnedbyt henPr esidentEl pidi oQui rinoon7Jul y
1949i nr esponset ot heneedf oracent ralent ityt hat GREATBRITAIN
 MI -
6a.k. a.t heSecr etIntelli
genceSer vi
ce
woul dcoor dinat ethei nt ell
igencecol lect ionact iv i
t i
esof (
SIS)
thev ar iousgov ernmenti nstrument al ities.Assuch,t he  itr ant hef amous“ Ultr
a”pr ogram
NICAwasr esponsi blef orcoor dinat i
ngal lgov ernment dur i
ngWor l
dWarI Iinwhi chcoded
acti
v iti
esr elat i
vet onat ionali ntelli
genceandpr epar ing Ger man Messages,encr y pt
ed by
nati
onali nt elli
gence est imat es ofl ocaland f or eign theGer mans’ enigmamachi ne,wer e
sit
uat ionsf ort hef ormul ati
onofnat i
onalpol i
ciesbyt he i
nt ercepted,br okenandt ranslated,
ther eby ai
ding t he Alli
es on t heir
President .
bat tl
efi
eld.
Fol lowi ngt hedecl ar ationofmar tiall aw,Pr esident  MI -
5
FerdinandMar cossi gnedPr esi dent ialDecr ee51on16  equi val
enttoU. S.FBI .
Nov ember1972,abol ishing NI CA and cr eating t he  I s responsi bl
e for
NationalI nt ell
igence and Secur i
tyAut hor i
ty( NI SA). count eri
ntel
ligenceact i
vit
ies.
TheNI SAhadt hesamemi ssi onast heol dorgani zation
butwi t hbr oaderpower s.TheDi rect orGener al,NI SA
had di rect super vision ov er t he NSC Secr etariat
, I
SRAEL
functional di r
ect i
on and cont r
ol ov er t he Ci vi
l  MOSSAD
Int
elligenceandSecur ityAgencyandt hei ntelligence  Translatedas:I nsti
tutef orIntell
igence
functionsoft heAFPI ntelli
genceCommuni t
y.TheCI SA andSpeci alOper ati
ons
wasr esponsi blepr imar il
yf orcount er intelli
genceand  Isr
ael'
spr inci
palagencyf ori nt
ell
igence
exerci sedf unct ionalsuper vi
si onandcont r
olov erci vi
l coll
ection,count ert
error
ism,andcov er
t
acti
on.
secur ityuni tsofal lgov er nment alof fices.TheDG, NISA
 Regarded ast he mostr el
iabl
eI NTEL
was al so t he Chai rman oft he Nat ionalI ntelligence agencywhi chof fer
st hemostaccur ate
Boar d,whi ch wasr et ained ashi sadv isorybodyon i
ntell
igencei nf
or mat i
on.
mat ter sper tainingt ot hei ntegr ati
onandcoor di nation
ofintel ligenceact ivi
ties.  SHINBET
TheEDSApeopl epowerr ev olutioni nFebr uar y1986  I sraelSecur it
yAgency
 I ti s one of t he 3 Pr i
nci pal
usher edi nmaj orchangesi nt heor gani zat ion.Wi tht he
organi zat i
ons ofThe I srael
’sI ntel
ssuanceofEXECUTI
i VEORDER 246on 24JULY Communi ty
,al ongside with AMAN
1987,t heNI SAandCI SAwer eabol ishedt opav et he (Mi l
itary I ntel
li
gence) and t he
wayf ort hecr eat i
onoft hepr esentNat ionalI ntelligence MOSSAD
Coor di nat ingAgency .  Count erpartofBr iti
sh MI 5 ort he
Amer icanFBI .
KNOWNDI RECTOR-GENERAL RUSSI
A
 FSB(Feder alnay aSluzhbaBez opasnosti
)
a. FavianVer–accusedbyvari
oushumanr i
ghts
 TranslatedasFeder alSecuri
tyService
groups of usi
ng NISA,as an anti
-Marcos
 Former l
y known as: Commi tt
ee f or
watchdogaswel last
he“secr
etpol
i
ce”oft he
State Security/
42
LawEnf
orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

Komi tet
Gosudar
stv
ennoy Bezopasnost i I
ntel
li
genceDi
rector
ate
(KGB) 2. Mabahit
hAmnal-Dawlaal
-'
Uly
a –St
ateSecur
it
y
 doubled as secr et pol i
ce f or
ce; I
nvesti
gati
onBureau
controll
i
ng the popul ace wi thi
n t he
country and, out side t he USSR, FI
NLAND
conducting espi onage, spr eadi
ng 1. Suojel
upol
ii
si(Supo) –Protect
ionPol
i
ce
“di
sinformat
ion,
” and at tempt i
ng t o 2. Nati
onalCommuni cati
ons Securi
ty Aut
hor
ity
destabil
izef
orei
gngov ernment s. (NCSA)–Securit
yService
3. Nati
onalBureauofI nvest
igati
on(NBI
)–Cenral
C.LI
STOFMAJORI
NTELLI
GENCEAGENCI
ESI
NTHE Securi
tyPol
ice
WORLD
FRANCE
AUSTRALIA 1. SDECE(ServiceDeDocument ati
onExter i
ure
1. Austral
i
anSecr etIntell
igenceSer vi
ce( ASIS) DeCont r
eEspionage)–Obsol ete
2. Austral
i
an Secur ityI ntell
igence Or ganisat
ion 2. Dir
ecti
on Génér al
e de l a Sécuri
téExtéri
eure
(ASIO) (DGSE)  – Gener al Dir
ector
ate of Ext er
nal
3. Austral
i
anAr myI ntell
i
genceCor ps( AUSTINT) Securi
ty
4. Austral
i
anFeder alPolice( AFP)Intell
igence 3. Dir
ecti
on Centrale du Rensei
gnementIntéri
eur
5. DefenceImager yandGeospat i
alOr ganisat
ion (DCRI)  – Cent ral Dir
ector
ate of I nteri
or
(DI
GO) I
ntell
i
gence
6. DefenceIntel
l
igenceOr ganisati
on( DIO)
7. DefenceSignalsDirectorate( DSD) GERMANY
8. Offi
ceofNat i
onal Assessment s(ONA) 1. Bundes nachri
chtendienst (BND)  – Federal
I
ntell
igenceSer vi
ce
BANGLADESH 2. Bundes amt f
ürVerf
assungsschutz ( Bf
V)   –
1. Di
rector
ateGeneral
ofForcesI
ntel
l
igence(
DGFI
) Federal Of fi
ce for t he Prot
ect
ion of the
2. Nati
onalSecur
it
yIntel
l
igence(
NSI) Constit
ut i
on
3. Mil
itäri
scherAbschirmdienst(MAD) – Mili
tary
BELGIUM -St
aatsvei
l
ighei
d/Sûr
etédel
'
État(
SV/
SE)– Counterintel
li
genceAgency
Stat
eSecuri
tyServ
ice
GREECE -Ethni
kiYpi
resi
aPl
ir
ofor
ion (
NIS) 
–Hel
l
eni
c
BRAZIL - AgênciaBr
asi
lei
ra de I
ntel
i
gênci
a(ABI
N) Nat
ional
Int
ell
i
genceServi
ce
 
–Brazi
li
anInt
ell
igenceAgency
I
NDI
A
CANADA 1. Nati
onal I
nvest
igati
onAgency(NIA)
1. Canadi
anSecuri
tyI
ntel
li
genceServi
ce/Serv
ice 2. Centr
al Bur
eauofInvesti
gat
ion(CBI
)
canadi
en du r ensei
gnement de sécur i
té 3. I
ntel
li
genceBur eau(IB)
(CSI
S/SCRS) 4. ResearchandAnalysisWing(RAW)
2. Communicat
ionsSecur
it
yEstabl
ishment(
CSE)
I
RELAND
PEOPLE'S REPUBLI
C OF CHI
NA -Mi
nist
ry ofSt
ate 1. G2ArmyInt
elli
gence(
G2)
Secur
it
y(MSS) 2. Nat
ional
Survei
ll
anceUni
t(Gar
da)(
NSU)

CHI
LE - AgenciaNaci
onal de I
ntel
i
genci
a (
ANI
) I
SRAEL
 
–Nati
onal
Int
ell
i
genceAgency 1. Ha-Mossad Le-Modii
n U-Le-
Tafki
dimMy ukhadim( MOSSAD)–I nsti
tut
ef or
COLOMBIA -Agenci
a Centr
alde I
ntel
li
genci
a(ACI
) Int
ell
igenceandSpeci alOper ati
ons.InEnglish
Cent
ral
Int
ell
i
genceAgency(
ofCol
ombia) centr
ali nst
it
utef orintel
li
genceand secur ity.
Themaj orint
ell
igenceunitofIsr
ael .
CUBA-Direcci
ónGener aldeI
ntel
i
genci
a(DGI
)Gener
al 2. Shir
utBit
ahonKlali( I
SA)   – I srael Securit
y
Di
rect
orat
eofIntel
l
igence Agency
3. Aman  –Mi li
tar
yIntel
li
genceDi r
ectorat
e
CZECHREPUBLI C
1. Bezpečnostníinformační sl
užba(BI
S) –Securi
ty I
TALY
I
nformat i
onSer vi
ce 1. Agenzi
aInf
ormazionieSi curezzaI
nter
na( AISI
)
2. Úřadpr ozahr aničníst
ykyai nf
ormace(ÚZSI) 
–  
–Agencyf orI
nternal
InformationandSecuri
ty
Offi
cef orForeignRel ati
onsandInfor
mati
on 2. Agenzi
aInf
ormazionieSicurezzaEster
na(AISE)
3. Vojenskézprav odajství ( VZ)   – Mi l
i
tary  
–Agencyf orExt
ernalInf
ormat i
onandSecurity
I
ntell
igence
MALAYSI
A
DENMARK 1. KorRisikDiRaja –Roy alI
ntel
li
genceCor
ps
1. Poli
ti
etsEfter
retningstj
eneste(PET) – Dani
sh 2. Malay sian Speci al Branch of t he Roy
al
Securit
yandI ntell
igenceServi
ce Malay sianPol i
ce
2. Forsvaret
sEfterretni
ngstj
enest
e( FE) 
– Dani
sh 3. National SecurityCouncil(Malaysi
a)
DefenceIntel
ligenceSer v
ice 4. National SecurityDivi
sion(BKN)
5. Resear chDi vi
sion
EGYPT 6. DefenceSt affI
nt el
li
genceDivisi
on
1. Al
-Mukhabar
atal
-'
Ammah 
– Egy
pti
anGener
al 7. PublicSaf ety&Secur ityDivi
sion

43
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orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion
RE
YMARG.
MAL
ICSI

MEXI
CO SERBI
A
1. Centro de Investi
gaci
ón ySeguridadNacional 1. BezbednosnoInf or
mat i
vnaAgenci
ja (
BIA)
(CI
SEN)  – Nati
onalSecuri
tyandInvesti
gati
on Securit
yInfor
mat i
veAgency
Center 2. Vojnoobavestajnaagencij
a ( VOA) Mil
it
ary
2. Agenc i
a Feder al de Inv
esti
gaci
on ( AFI
)  – I
ntell
igenceAgency
FederalInvest
igati
onAgency SI
NGAPORE
1. Securit
yandInt ell
i
genceDi v
isi
on(SID)
MOROCCO 2. I
nternalSecurit
yDepar t
ment( I
SD)
1. Di
recti
ondel aSurv
eil
lanceduTerri
toi
re(
DST)
 
–Di r
ector
ateofTer
rit
orial
Sur
vei
ll
ance SLOVAKIA
2. Di
recti
on Gener al
e des Et udes et l a 1. Sl
ov enskái
nfor
mačnásl užba (
SIS)  
– Sl
ov ak
Documentati
on(DGED) – I
nformat i
onServi
ce
2. Vojenskáspr
avodajskáslužba(
VSS) – Mi
l
itary
NETHERLANDS I
ntelli
genceServi
ce
1. AlgemeneI nli
chtingen- en Vei l
igheidsdienst
(AIVD)  – Gener alIntel
li
gence and Secur it
y SOUTHAFRI
CA-Nat
ional
Int
ell
i
genceAgency(
NIA)
Service
2. Milit
aireInli
chtingen-enVei l
i
gheidsdi enst(MIVD) SPAI
N - Centro Nacional de I
ntel
i
genci
a (
CNI
)
 
–Mi li
taryIntelli
genceandSecur itySer vi
ce  
–Nati
onal
Int
ell
i
genceCentre
3. Nat i
onaal CoördinatorTerr
orismebest ri
jdi
ng
(NCTb)  –Domest i
cCounter-Ter
roristUnit SWEDEN
4. '
Fiscaleinli
cht i
ngen-enopspor i
ngsdi enst(FOID- 1. Kontoret
för
särskil
dinhämt
ning (
KSI
) – Offi
ce
ECD)  – Fi scalI nfor
mation and Inv esti
gation forSpeci
alAcquisit
ion
Service 2. Underrät
tel
sekontoret(UNDK)  –Int
ell
i
gence
Offi
ce
NEW ZEALAND
1. New Zeal and Secur
ity Int
ell
i
gence Ser
vice REPUBLIC OF CHI
NA (
TAI
WAN)-Nat
ionalSecur
it
y
(
NZSIS) Bureau(
NSB)
2. Gov er
nmentCommuni cat
ionsSecuri
tyBur
eau
(
GCSB) TURKEY - Mill
i
İstihbar
atTeşki
l
atı(
MİT)  
–Nat
ional
I
ntel
l
igenceOr
ganizati
on
NORWAY
1. Nat
ionalSecuri
tyAuthori
ty(NSM) UKRAINE
2. Nor
wegianPol i
ceSecurit
yServi
ce(PST) 1. HolovneUpr
avli
nny aRozvidky( HUR) – Cent
ral
3. Nor
wegianIntel
ligenceServ
ice(E-
tj
enest
en) I
ntell
i
genceDi r
ectorate
2. Sl
uzhbaBezpeky Ukrayi
ny ( SBU) – Security
PAKISTAN Servi
ceofUkraine
1. Int
er-Ser
v icesIntel
li
gence(I
SI) 3. Sl
uzhbaZovnishnioyiRozvidky
Ukrayi
ny (
SZR or
2. Mili
taryIntelli
gence(MI) SZRU) –ForeignIntell
igenceServi
ceofUkrai
ne
3. Int
ell
igenceBur eau(I
B)
4. FederalInv esti
gati
onAgency(FIA) UNI
TEDKINGDOM
5. Cri
mi nalInv est
igat
ionDepart
ment(CI
D) b.)SecretI
ntel
l
igenceServ
ice(SI
SorMI6)
c.)Securi
tyServ
ice(col
l
oquial
l
yMI 5)
POLAND d.)Government Communi cati
ons Headquar
ter
s
1. Agenc j
aWy wiadu( AW) – Forei
gnIntel
li
gence (GCHQ)
Agency
2. Agenc j
aBez pi
eczeńst waWewnętr
znego (ABW) UNI
TEDSTATES
 
–I nternalSecuri
tyAgency 1. CentralIntelli
genceAgency( CIA)
3. Sł
użbaWy wiaduWoj skowego(SWW)  –Mi li
tar
y 2. DefenseI ntelli
genceAgency( DIA)
I
ntell
igenceSer vi
ce 3. National Secur ityAgency( NSA)
4. Sł
użbaKont r
wy wiaduWojskowego ( SKW)   – 4. Federal BureauofI nvest i
gation( FBI)-I t
’s
Mil
itaryCount eri
ntell
i
genceServi
ce pri
mar il
yr olei nt hei ntell
igencesy stem oft he
Unit
edSt atesi sincount erintelli
gencesy stem
RUSSI
ANFEDERATI ON ofthepr imar ilyt oi nternalsecur i
tywi thint he
1. KGB ( Kor ni
tetGosudar stvennoyBezopasnost i
) Unit
edSt ates.
–Pr evi
ousI ntell
igenceAgency 5. U.S.Ai rFor ceOf fi
ceofSpeci alI nvestigati
ons
2. Feder alnayaSluzhbaBezopasnost i ( FSB)   – (AFOSI )
Feder alSecuritySer vi
ce 6. Naval Criminal I
nv estigativeSer vice(NCI S)
3. Glav noyeRazvedy v at
elnoyeUprav
leni
eGensht ab 7. Coas tGuar dI nv estigativeSer vi
ce( CGI S)
a( GRU)  – Mai nI ntell
igence Dir
ectorat
e of 8. Unit
ed St at es Ar my Cr iminal I nvest i
gation
Gener al St
aff Command( USACI C)
4. SluzhbaVneshney Razvedki (SVR)  – For eign 9. Secur i
tySer viceorcommonl ycal led“ MI -
5”-
I
nt ell
igenceSer vi
ce Roughl yequi val entt ot heAmer icanFBI ,ort he
i
nternalsecur i
t ysect ion( counterintell
igence)of
SAUDIARABIA-AlMukhabar
atAlA'
amah 
–Gener
al thesov i
etKGB.
I
ntel
l
igenceDi
rect
orat
e
VI
ETNAM -Tổngcục2(
TC2)

44
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orcementAdmi
nist
rat
ion