Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Doxiadis and Islamic Cities
Doxiadis and Islamic Cities
F
èçu<ø¹]<ë…çÞ<ØéÏÂ
((] /¶H * %S u / x(] ,A 3& /
.v)s 42 \*% ;2 4M 3& c ),/! ,¦ 'g! (Master Plan)
*! .> $% 2 r=
\/ d, " 48 ' ,A /
..72 ),g2 4M < 81²
8- F,(] t/! 6,2 \%$% $3& 'g
42 ( )* " / d7! % 6f¦] 8 $7 Ag J¡
.PS ®7 6
7P5 J>
dF " \), e. r; % DA " '2 ),/! ] %C
%F (systems analysis) .2g IU Nf .A \%$%5 cA2 g 6
" p`] .5,,7 ' " @% > % .R G, ,A ./ IU > ]
Nf " e ,( 6.7/ ),/ ,3 @g \ | P(S ( )% R5,!
.
*
165
1427 / 2006 . .
166
) / x% *=] % 68P % 'gP " ] IU
@gF 1889 @ )*- RF> " (1843-1903) Camillo Sitte O(,2>
Abenezer Howord *)A)F] * .
/(, ),- %2 /V " 1,3
®7
¡ O%( 0 1 %& % | 1898 @ "%w " RF> "
, ) ¥S ) / F $% \ ² § 6®F PP
OH,! 0 \8 E! 61922 @ 2(1863-1940) Raymond Unwin 4$,P]
@ Perry 97 Z \ $2] " 7! u d(, k(
.d(, " R! Q ,3 c O(> 0 @1923
,3 @g % d7! ] ,A ( )% 'g .((s %: > %
#¤ 6$% 2 ,! 0 $J % , @PBF D 6A,¦ " r;
E$)] M 0 $g .A) \%$%5 $JH 4$,! /( ,F $% ,¦ ,$
% / ¦ " EQ 42 \8 R! 3.(1926 @ Aric Golden %,5
), RF> " Eliel Saarinen
P)( I] A),f 0 $>2J , Fw
u7 /V ] 42 'b
" R G $,3 $>2J PF dM "$% "
%$ _J 68P % , " >! ¬] B 8 w % /V
eF " I8 ] .((s t7 6PS ; ) I5] 42 Ì 8 'g! |
4
". 7/ ,3 @g $) ~(s
+,$ $%2 $]
' 7/ , pnBF Frank Lioyd Wright O$ ) %$, EP
*P >
R! " P± - o @gF R$,F),>, `[! 6<$,! :=] 42
1
Camillo Sitte, The Birth of Modern City Planning, Stadt Ball, 1889.
2
R. Unwin, “Town planning in practice” London, 1909, p. 375 (op. cit., p. 79).
3
Perry, Clarence Arthur, The Nieghbourhood Unit Concept in Housing for the Machine
Age (Ney York: The Russel Sage Foundation, 1989), pp. 49-76.
4
Stalley, M (1972) Patric Geddes: Spokesman for Man and Environment (New
Brunswick, N. J.: Rutgers University Press, 1972).
167 ;1+',- ;<7 =1> ) ?1@ ! ,ABCD 5!6 '7 8!9 :1"&
F | B] %$ R!//V I> " RP] >Q 6h 4> F $J
1
.%5 $,3 JF I 4
F
'g \ *] ] 6Gs $f , 2.U R$,F),>, k,(] 2]
3
.98 R%5 " F 0 x%5 E$!F $f 2 %; | R7! 98
Constantintinos A. x*>* x,PP,> uP, EQ %F e5 §
$gP U 7! 46ekistics)) E>s \ dM, Doxiadis (1913-1975)
t!! :JH 42 d/$ (anthropocosmos) x,2,>,FPJ I2= ¢Q,¦ e7
5
.K ®7 8 'g R5] I>
Bh I> I * fF IU 2g cA M& 2 " @%!
" .'g (%X $ J2 (%A 8Y,F ª x)%! .A 6
* 0 c1 s m7/ @, 'g2 .2g IU ' \9Hs ,
)] " p% P 2 ,A #U7 DA " $ 2 .2= OU7Y] %
%F 2J(S % 42 %$% cP
<-F O>! 0 // x*>*
% A)* ,F OP> #; 6R2 u +- $ %F " YH .M +-2
.\% 2J( %F " ²
1
Schlager, K Alane, “Use plan Design Model”, Journal of the American Institute of
Planning, 31, 1965.
2
Forrester, J., World Dynamics, Cambridge M.I.T. Wright, 1971.
:
.! "#$ 3
.%$ & '*+
, & -/
/ 012 3$+ 4
.! "#$ 5
1427 / 2006 . .
168
* 2 ,! ; P2S *%; " J pD: $)D5
.-- 75s Z
IAn | 9$ > Gs :
An R! ; ;/ OP> %
//V ~(]
\%$%5 %2 eP , R5, 61 % J2 I>
R 2 %; | , g ] DA IAn % 6( $%;
P2S ED> 6R_ 4B D w ) u cF
9 Hª pnB 2] .%: U A9,! t5 , $7 $*
.: ,;] ! 1 % I>A
¡
%F D8 / 42 ; e ,( %;
: >
$] 4$DA 4
% »7Y ¯ EQ " \97> -; 75s +( > 6EQ
" @)- .(%: k,(s " OK 75] w7-F $%; % 2J(S
$% %] ¯ 6-F '` ! \; d | O B D /
" \$w2 $,A $%& 2J(S $%
/] $,A 42 e5 $% 2J(S
.(2 1 ) R! Q O,
169 ;1+',- ;<7 =1> ) ?1@ ! ,ABCD 5!6 '7 8!9 :1"&
! "# $%& ' :1
()* +!, -.* /0 12 34 5)6 78 9,:* /;*
1!6 3 '? @A BC DEFG EHI 4 J K 2* .<=
LA BM N 1! 8* O8? P Q RS ! "1# T2? THHI?
80 :80) .U1 T V N ; (!, "4 U80 TW ? 1!6
(B (S 8& (2) Z8
1427 / 2006 . .
170
C.a $ B, ^; _A ]^ _* `B 7,HB] \1 :2
b% .T V N ; J @A 2 D(FA +!, \* `B 5) RS _
;Cf* _* `B 7 )*c B, _A 3 A1 N1% N: 4 TF1? de1
/81H? ?* D1! 9QS N*b gB ! THHI?* "8 @*81 +!,
.h < 8*#* 8* HHI?
GZ _* c2 J `B EHI? THi j.1 <B "1) ; :3
k `B Pl _ 1 mAc _A no p J $q? 1* ro6 +!,* (
.Ts8 $%& q6 4 $2t RS "bu
42 RF `[! 2 @, 42 p( 2
% /V " R8 x*>* F
1427 / 2006 . .
172
p ·) e .$2s \%U $B, " P8F 25 " R!D!(] t(]
% 12o R;f] " 2 \),-F A),F % 6EDF \`[2 R2-!
/V $%2 > 2% F)s $ %F " )s E! 7/F x*>* ]%F
DH] #; 1937 @ R2J( D2 6P, Y `] $%
1950 @ p%F " / $ EQ %F 7Y] § 67/ A*F] R$gP
.Neighborhood ) ,o § .4
§ 6P 75000 '3! 0 $% Polis ¶F %-$ .Polis $% § .5
% 6Metropolis A{ P +] 1É '3! 0 $% !
/Y 0 Megapolis § 6P
$J2 F)] | X( I-$
§ Apereopolis § 6Urban Corridor¶F Y ,//
1
Ekistic Analysis (Athens Lycabettus Press, 1946).
173 ;1+',- ;<7 =1> ) ?1@ ! ,ABCD 5!6 '7 8!9 :1"&
)% " > 6R2 \%>2 $%; % ¥/ R2-! e5 DA
3F 6( ( / O2 N " g 42 >] " 7$
D2 * %wF .; ,M " Y //H 0 h 4 .I2> IF D8$
177 ;1+',- ;<7 =1> ) ?1@ ! ,ABCD 5!6 '7 8!9 :1"&
\), $%2 610 L/ 6* %wF b ( $%2 " > 6I2F D8P @1958
'8 e7 * ,2 B( %Y
I 3F > .A9b *, )%
6* %wF b ( )* " G& ,A > 62 %; | \%5 Fn ®7 Y,-
.(8 I=) M 7P > '8 EQ 4
L) ,= | ¢¡ 0 \) - _] %>! x*>* w OP> .
7 5& .2! %>! ( )( + ,2 2 (
" \), $% R-! " p%5] 2 EQ 6 ) G(B
F ()% ) %;, I> d3! 0 * %wF .; ,M
.2 1 YH 6 A)8 + , L) ,
* @% ] > 6$% town scape G x*>* k,(] I$ .
0 R8 R$]) t¤ 32 $ grid iron .¥/ k,(s
grid gron .¥/ k,( P (sector) L/ @,82 %
.(module) $% ((] ( \%; p D $%
wM %$ ! R7;-$ D u w3 ] | 9! x*>* 8
> 8 E! t,$ > *,$ J 6 )8P %,$ u% >
8
¬] %$ 'A82 42 R;$ 2 6k, 'g2 IF d(, 42 %F B ED 6tW
.extension of center HÊF ] pnF R>; $% >2 d(,! 2 I¡ 0 .A
O 'A82 * %wF b " dh /V " x*>* % %
@% \ t2 *,5 v % 6%; q " ) R8H R®F
$% k,(] #; 6IYs uP,$ RP,> t7F 7s M$ 8
8 42 d8!2 ] I! 4$,! x)* > .EQ v8$ $% ) PP,
"~,F>]" ,$ t u(S dh D8! 42 .M c!> $8&
B . p¼2 F ,A 6% / uP, % .>C ; $%
1427 / 2006 . .
178
R; ¯ d , v)]
%C 6* )] > d , v)]
%C EQ ]
\), $% R!// ;B) YZ )% 1 %;
,( / 9! 42
.(8 7 ) * %wF w d
[
5/
D $\)] = ^-)_ / 5 !`/ :7
.Y&K+ V * !!` >W5 = >7L 3J
> )a5/ ()*+ AB 1961
179 ;1+',- ;<7 =1> ) ?1@ ! ,ABCD 5!6 '7 8!9 :1"&
3)45
il $# 5/ ()*Z m -5/ N Tn)g $! 9-7 : 9
. Q4C OW5 < op \)B Oq4C #K r
67 $ &
.(%: .// x*>* ;f X e5 0 ` %&
6YH \),-F 2 $% 62J(S % ~7] % R7! D @)- OU7
tP ,o TF 4 J3 .% E ,3 c t($ B JA g!
R//V " > x*>* A% 0 ( )% c1P X e5 0 % 9b
2
'>500 142 >] | 2'>204 42 / ; 42 * #; * %w7
/ % .) IAn RP] > 6FW O7! ;2 ,! P
((s // %] % 6_9b IF)] $%2 ED> * %w7> $%2 YH
@ * %wF .; ,M % R!// " EQ I > 6$bS % k,([F `[2
6$% 2J(S $% ,3 .// @,8 t 4 J3 DA 61959
" wo d , ) )Do I> 4 g TwF R$gP v G; % DA
D ,A .1) ),U //H 0 % d, , pn *%; % ." b,%
DA 6` %;S .A 2 5)Z Rf,/H ] $% u d(, *%C
% ((s // d3$ x*>* \*F uP, .(%: )* (
wY %X *Fq @J( g @,fZ \-7 IF)] * %w7> $
R%A > % . , P % 7/ 5& )7 42 >] R! 9g!
ºF 6R$g .7 A),/! 4 c( 2 % L3H UM %F >
.(11 10 " ;JP >) @)Y .(%A /
.1958
:10
181 )&*!+, )-" 0&1 2 3&4 5 +6789 !" #$ %&'(
5 42 .$% e 5] + | G,Y, ,( I D 2s 6w .
I % % IU ' @% Gn)
G%$ ¯ $% '; % 6
H]
.(.((s / * %wF $%2 /V 12
) 7/2
@)- .(%: .¥/ R2gP \%$% %2 x7 42 R =] J3
* 6Hs % 42 %$% @,fZ 6* %wF I2 % K * > *
(2) 7 6(*Fq @J() >F (IF)]) N G« " 8 ®7 )7
/(] eP \ R7! 12 , %; R; 42 *) 2 ] %7$ 6A9b (
IH * ®F 7f ' M
U * %wF \-7 I2 %2 " p2
2= b,F,f ( )* d2 I22 IF Ì-$ ] tW > R 6FW %
" %; ] 6%C 2 DA .% E! f]
F IY , $ B ] /
183 )&*!+, )-" 0&1 2 3&4 5 +6789 !" #$ %&'(
6$*- (( k7(s % 42 9> " I22 IF D8! ¬] B
// E! )`q l 6G; ]
.I; TF I( 3F ] 42 'b
Y 2J(S %7 " 3$] \%$%o % % 2J(S % TF %]
0 ' '! 6" ), d2 7( P , P ' $% o
u7 ®A e38 Y " Ç58 9w
% .!2 )% )XS %
.2J(S $% . .138 ¢)%
' #$%U
F 5 4¡ x*>% // ;
' e; k,/ 97 " , % % 6$% 5B
.*>s uJ k,(s P EQ > 6$% 2J(S $% Ys
p% D d2 @eJ$ B D 9b .¥/ .(%: '- OU7
x B_ c1 e5 % .,3 % u c "
Ë- ª PPS o
F L - O; \) >] \ 2 uPS
42 9> %8$ 2 `%U % E! " Â$ 7Y[ 6` %& ª
>] %F 0 ( ®7 g 42 \P FwF $ R!5; R!Y,-H
6 \, 42 R¡ B 0 A)8 e38 R( , L) , E! GJH R 9`!
®7 % #; 6.( o )& Q (s N G* " YH
®7 .; , 42 '1J u c 42 F 8> " È 0 $%
%Y
(emotional environment)8f (physical environment) 1$8
.e ,( %;
u% / %;, 2 u7