1.star-Delta Tranformation

INTRODUCTION
Star/Delta connection is an arrangement of passive elements R, L and C

such that the formed shape resembles a star or a delta symbol.
These connection are neither series and nor parallel.

Such connections are simplified using star-to-delta or delta-to-star
conversion.
Such connections are found in complex DC circuits, full bridge
rectifiers.
Such connections has larger application in three phase AC system.
15
STAR CONNECTION
A star network is rearranged form of Tee (T) network.
16
STAR/WYE (Y) CONNECTION
Three ends of resistors are connected in wye (Y) or star fashion. A
common node point of star connection is known as neutral.
17
STAR CONNECTION
Three ways in which star connection may appear in a circuit.
18
DELTA CONNECTION
When three resistors are connected in a fashion to form a closed mesh ,
connection formed is known as Delta Connection.
19
DELTA CONNECTION
Three ways in which delta connection may appear in a circuit.
20
DELTA TO STAR TRANSFORMATION
Three resistors connected in delta form and its equivalent
star connection is shown below.
Delta and its equivalent Star

21
Two arrangements shown are electrically equivalent.
Resistance between A and B for star = Resistance between A and
B for delta.
Therefore,
|| (1)
RAB ( RBC RCA ) (2)

RA RB
RAB RBC RCA
22
Similarly for resistance between two terminals B-C and C-A,
RBC ( RCA RAB ) (3)

RB RC
RAB RBC RCA
RCA ( RAB RBC ) (4)

RC RA
RAB RBC RCA
23
The objective is to find in terms of .
Subtracting (3) from (2) and adding to (4) we obtain,
(5)
RBC RAB
RB (6)
RAB RBC RCA
RCA RBC
RC (7)
RAB RBC RCA
24
Easy way to remember delta to star transformation is,
Product of two adjacent arms of
Any arm of star connection =
Sum of arms of
25
STAR TO DELTA TRANSFORMATION
Three resistors connected in star formation and its
equivalent delta connection is shown below
Star and its Equivalent Delta

26
Dividing (5) by (6) we obtain,
RA RCA (8)
RB RBC
(9)
Dividing (5) by (7) we obtain,

(10)
RA RBC (11)
RAB
RC
27
Substituting (9) and (11) into (5),
(12)
Similarly,
RA RB (13)
RAB RA RB
RC
RC RA
RCA RC RA (14)
RB
28
Easy way to remember star to delta transformation is,
Resistance between two terminals of =
Sum of star resistances connected to those terminals +
product of same two resistances divided by the third
29
STAR\DELTA TRANSFORMATION
If a star network has all resistances equal to R, its equivalent

delta has all resistances equal to ?
If a delta network has all resistances equal to R, its equivalent

star has all resistances equal to ?
30
STAR\DELTA TRANSFORMATION
If a star network has all resistances equal to R, its equivalent

delta has all resistances equal to 3R.
If a delta network has all resistances equal to R, its equivalent

star has all resistances equal to R/3.
31
SUMMARY
32
EQUIVALENT RESISTANCE
The equivalent resistance of a circuit or network between its any

two points (or terminals) is that single resistance which can replace
the entire circuit between these points (or terminals).
33
DEFINITIONS
STAR/DELTA CIRCUITS: These circuits generally possess
star/delta configurations and needs to be simplified using necessary
transformations and are converted into series parallel circuits.
Neither Series Nor Parallel Circuit
34
EQUIVALENT RESISTANCE OF STAR/DELTA CIRCUIT
The circuit is a combination of neither series nor parallel circuits.
35
EQUIVALENT RESISTANCE OF STAR/DELTA CIRCUIT
RULE: Such circuit form star/delta. Use star delta transformation

and convert to equivalent series-parallel circuit.
Changing Delta formed by points A,B,C into equivalent Star,
The circuit formed is now combination of series-parallel circuit.

The series-parallel circuit is further simplified to series circuit.
36
EQUIVALENT RESISTANCE OF STAR DELTA CIRCUIT
The circuit now becomes a simple series-parallel circuit and can be
solved easily. A
37
EXERCISE/NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
Q. Convert the Y network to an equivalent network.
38
Soln:
7.5 5
Ra 7.5 5 25 ohms
3
39
Q. Convert the network to an equivalent Y network.
40
Soln:
Rb Rc 10 25
R1 5 ohms
Ra Rb Rc 15 10 25
Rc Ra 25 15
R2 7.5 ohms
Ra Rb Rc 50
Ra Rb 15 10
R3 3ohms
Ra Rb Rc 50
41
Q. Using delta/star transformation, find equivalent resistance across AC.
42
Soln: Delta can be replaced by equivalent star-connected resistances,
RAB RDA 10 20
R1 2.86 ohms
RAB RDA RBD 10 40 20
RAB RBD 10 40
R2 5.72 ohms
RDA RBD 10 40
R3 11.4 ohms
43
Figure now becomes,
44
Q. Calculate equivalent resistance across terminals A and B.
45
Soln: Converting inner STAR (3 ohms, 3 ohms and 1 ohms ) into Delta.
46
Circuit now becomes,
47
Delta-connected resistances 1 5 and 8 are converted in star,
48
Circuit now becomes,
4 5 20 20
RAB 2.5 || 7.6 10 ohms
7 14 7 9
49
Q. Calculate equivalent resistance across terminals A and B.
50
Soln: Replacing inner STAR into DELTA.
51
15.8 ohm is in parallel with 5 ohm and 26.3 ohm is in parallel with
4 ohm, circuit becomes
52
Converting upper delta into star,
53
Now equivalent resistance can be calculated as,
Req (3·8 + 2·98) || (1·99 + 3·5) + 1·2

4.23 ohms
54
Q. Obtain the equivalent resistance Rab for the circuit and use it to
find current i.
55
Soln: In this circuit, there are two Y networks and three networks.
Transforming just one of these will simplify the circuit.
56
We convert the Y-network comprising the 5- 10- and 20- resistors
into delta.
(comes in parallel with 12.5 )
(comes in parallel with 15 )
(comes in parallel with 30 )

57
Combining the three pairs of resistors in parallel, we obtain.
(12.5 || 17.5 )
||
(30 || 70 )
(15 || 35 )
58
Q. Determine the load current in branch EF in the circuit shown.
59
Sol. ACGA forms delta, Converting it to equivalent star.
200 500
RAN 111.11ohms
900
60
Circuit can be redrawn as
61
Branches NCD and NEF are in parallel, 711.11 || 644.44=338 ohms.
Total current I in the circuit =
62
To obtain current in branch EF, we apply current division formula.
63
EXERCISE
Q. A square and its diagonals are made of a uniform covered wire. The
resistance of each side is 1 and that of each diagonal is 1·414 .
Determine the resistance between two opposite corners of the square.
64
EXERCISE
Q. Determine the resistance between the terminals A and B of the network.
65
EXERCISE
Q. Find the current in 10 resistor in the network shown by star-delta
transformation.
66
EXERCISE
Q. Using star/delta transformation, determine the value of R for the
network shown such that 4 resistor consumes the maximum power.
67

1.star-Delta Tranformation

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1.star-Delta Tranformation

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INTRODUCTION

Star/Delta connection is an arrangement of passive elements R, L and C

These connection are neither series and nor parallel.

Delta and its equivalent Star

RAB ( RBC RCA ) (2)

RBC ( RCA RAB ) (3)

RCA ( RAB RBC ) (4)

Star and its Equivalent Delta

Dividing (5) by (7) we obtain,

If a star network has all resistances equal to R, its equivalent

If a delta network has all resistances equal to R, its equivalent

If a star network has all resistances equal to R, its equivalent

If a delta network has all resistances equal to R, its equivalent

The equivalent resistance of a circuit or network between its any

Neither Series Nor Parallel Circuit

RULE: Such circuit form star/delta. Use star delta transformation

The circuit formed is now combination of series-parallel circuit.

Delta-connected resistances 1 5 and 8 are converted in star,

Circuit now becomes,

Req (3·8 + 2·98) || (1·99 + 3·5) + 1·2

(comes in parallel with 12.5 )

(comes in parallel with 15 )

(comes in parallel with 30 )

Combining the three pairs of resistors in parallel, we obtain.

Total current I in the circuit =

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