اسئلة الأحياء ف1 ثنائية اللغة النهائي للطباعة

Diploma, Bilingual Private Schools, Biology First Session – First Semester Academic Year: 2019/2020
Do not write in this space

‫ ال يتم تصحيحها‬،‫ُم َس َّو َدة‬

Question 1: Multiple Choice Items (14 marks)

There are 14 multiple-choice items worth one mark each.

Shade in the bubble ( ) next to the correct answer for each of the following items.
1) The position of the anaerobic respiration in the cell shown below is:
W
X
Y
Z
2) The compound that will give pyruvate and 2 ATP molecules in glycolysis is:
1
Question 1 continued

3) The diagram below shows the substrate level phosphorylation:
The correct labels for the compounds labeled A and B are:
A B
NAD+ reduced NAD
ADP ATP
reduced NAD NAD+
ATP ADP
4) The following is the general equation of aerobic respiration of one type of

carbohydrate.
6 C18H36O18 + ………. O2 108 CO2 + 108 H2O + ……….. ATP
The correct number of O2 molecules required and ATP molecules produced

practically (actually) is:
O2 ATP
6 32
36 192
108 576
648 3456
2
5) The graphs below (1, 2 and 3) show the absorption spectra of different
photosynthetic pigments.
Which of the following correctly identifies the three graphs?
absorption spectrum
chlorophyll a chlorophyll b Carotenoids
1 3 2
1 2 3
2 3 1
2 1 3
3

6) The graph below shows the results of an experiment using a culture of illuminated,
photosynthesizing algae. After 300 seconds the carbon dioxide supply was stopped.
The concentrations of glycerate-3-phosphate (GP) and ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
were measured over a 400 second time period.
Statement 1: The rate of RuBP production is rising.

Statement 2: GP is still being converted to triose phosphate (TP).
Statement 3: The rate of glucose formation is falling.
Which of the previous statements explain the changes seen between 300 and 400 s?
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only 1 only
4
7) The graph below shows the effects of carbon dioxide and light intensity on the rate of
photosynthesis.
Which of the following statements is only supported by evidence from the graph?
Carbon dioxide limits the rate of photosynthesis at point Z.

Light intensity limits the rate of photosynthesis at point W.
Carbon dioxide limits the rate of photosynthesis at point X.
Light intensity limits the rate of photosynthesis at point Y.
8) The diagram below shows the function of stomata in a plant.

Which of the following descriptions is correct about water potentials in the cells
labeled (X) and (Y) that cause the change shown below?
Cell X Cell Y
High water potential Low water potential
High water potential High water potential
Low water potential Low water potential
High water potential Low water potential
5

9) Sport coaches advise people to take a something sweet before exercising to increase
glucose levels in the blood. Which of the following hormones will be secreted to
balance the level of glucose in the blood in this case?
insulin from alpha cells. insulin from beta cells.

glucagon from alpha cells. glucagon from beta cells.
10) In a hot dry weather, the pituitary gland secrets ADH into blood which results in
reabsorbing more water in the body by increasing the wall's permeability of the part
labeled:
W
X
Y
Z
11) The diagrams below show two different neurones.
The neurones labeled (X) and (Y) are:
X Y
relay motor
sensory motor
relay sensory
sensory relay
6
12) Which of the diagrams below shows the correct direction of the impulse in a sensory
neurone in reflex arc?
7

13) The graph below shows the changes in the neurone membrane potential during the
flow of an impulse.
Which of the following is correct about Na+ and K+ pump and channels in the
neurone during intervals labeled (A), (B) and (C) ?
A B C
Na+ channels open K+ channels open Pump is working
Pump is working Na+ channels open K+ channels open
Pump is working K+ channels open Na+ channels open
K+ channels open Na+ channels open Pump is working
8
14) The diagram labeled (A) shows the changes during impulse flow between synapses.
The table labeled (B) shows the events of changes.
1 - Neurotransmitter enters the cleft.
2-N
eurotransmitter attaches to the
receptors in postsynaptic neurone.
he flow of Ca+2 ions into the

3-T
presynaptic neurone.
4 - Ca+2 ions stimulate the vesicles to

diffuse into the cleft.
(A) (B)
Which of the following shows the correct match between (A) and (B)?
W X Y Z
2 1 4 3
2 3 1 4
3 4 1 2
3 4 2 1
9
Question 2: Extended Questions (56 marks)

Write your answer for each of the following questions in the space provided.
Be sure to show all your work, including the correct units where applicable.
15) The diagram below shows carbonic pathway in aerobic respiration in human cells.
(4 marks)
a. Name the compounds labeled (X) and (Y):
X:
Y:
b. What is the effect of the increase in the amount of ATP in Krebs cycle in the
activity of the following?
- Dehydrogenase enzyme:
- Decarboxylase enzyme:
10
16) The diagram below shows anaerobic respiration. (6 marks)
a. Name the reactions labeled (1), (2) and (3)
1:
2:
3:
b. What will happen to the reaction labeled (1) if the number of the reduced NAD
increases in the cell?
c. Name the molecules labeled (X) and (Y).
(X):
(Y):
11

17) The diagram below shows the final stage of aerobic respiration in a muscle cell.
(5 marks)
a. If (H+) ions from 16 reduced NAD molecules pass through the structure labeled
(B), find the number of the molecules labeled (D).
b. (i) What is the fate of energy of oxidation that is released from electrons as they
flow along the pathway labeled (A)?
(ii) What is the importance of the molecules labeled (C)?
(iii) How many molecules of the molecule labeled (C) are needed if 10 molecules
of reduced FAD enter this stage?
12
18) The diagram below represents the basic concept of energy transfer during
photosynthesis. (6 marks)
a. Name the stage of photosynthesis.
b. Explain the importance of light to the part labeled (B).
c. Predict what will happen to the rate of photosynthesis, if the parts labeled (A) are
not functioning well. Explain your answer.
d. Explain; the rate of photosynthesis is lower when the part labeled (B) is removed.
13

19) The diagram below shows the two stages of photosynthesis. (7 marks)
a. Is the photophosphorylation shown in the diagram cyclic or non-cyclic?
b. Calculate the number of the following molecules that are needed in the stage
labeled (Y) to produce one molecule of sucrose (a disaccharide sugar)?
CO2:
RuBP:
Reduced NADP:
c. Explain the importance of pH of thylakoid space (lumen) is lower than that of the
stroma for the function of the part labeled (Z).
14
d. Describe the events that cause the structure labeled (X) to lose electrons.
20) To obtain the best possible yield from a crop, growers need photosynthesis to
proceed at its maximum rate. Explain how growers can use the knowledge of factors
limiting the rate of photosynthesis in glasshouses. (2 marks)
21) The diagram below shows the structure of the skin. (4 marks)
a. What is the role of the part labeled (X) in regulating heat loss through skin in cold
conditions?
b. What is the part of the brain that controls the body temperature?
15

c. Explain the mechanism of thermoregulation by the nervous system that happens
during exercise in the part labeled (Z).
d. State the role of the part labeled (Y) when the body needs to lose heat?
22) The diagram below shows part of the nephron and the table shows the mass of
molecules that are found in it. (6 marks)
mass of molecules (Daltons)
D 180
E 69000
a. Name the following:
(i) The part labeled (Y):
(ii) The process of urine formation that takes place in the part labeled (Z):
16
b. Explain the following:
(i) The part labeled (X) is much narrower than the part labeled (W).
(ii) The molecule labeled (E) cannot be found in the part labeled (Z).
c. Continuous discharge of the molecule labeled (D) in urine will result in loss of
weight.
(i) Name the molecule labeled (D).
(ii) What is the name of this disorder?
23) The diagram below shows the changes in the membrane potential of an axon during
impulse transmission. (4 marks)
a. Name the events labeled (A) and (B).
A:
B:
b. Which ions will be in large amounts outside the neurone’s axon in the stage
labeled (C)?
17

c. What is the importance of the stage labeled (C)?
24) The diagram below shows the transmission of the impulse in a neurone. (7 marks)
a. Name the parts labeled (X) and (Z).
X:
Z:
b. What is presynaptic and postsynaptic parts to this neurone?
Presynaptic:
Postsynaptic:
c. (i) Explain the importance of the part labeled (Y).
(ii) What will be the effect of its absence?
18
25) The diagram below shows the sliding-filament model of the muscle contraction.
(5 marks)
a. Name the parts labeled (X) and (Y).
X:
Y:
b. Explain the mechanism labeled (4).
c. What is the role of molecule labeled (Z)?
[ End of Examination ]
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‫ُم َس َّو َدة‬
20



There are 14 multiple-choice items worth one mark each.

1) In which stage of respiration are most of the ATP molecules produced?
Glycolysis in the aerobic respiration

Glycolysis in the anaerobic respiration
Oxidative phosphorylation in the aerobic respiration
Oxidative phosphorylation in the anaerobic respiration
2) The average surface area of the inner membranes of mitochondria in a heart muscle
cell is over 200m2 g-1. The reason for this large surface area is that they contain:
more enzymes to hydrolyse ADP and inorganic phosphate to ATP

less enzymes to hydrolyse ADP and inorganic phosphate to ATP
more enzymes to condense ADP and inorganic phosphate to ATP
less enzymes to condense ADP and inorganic phosphate to ATP
3) The diagram below shows part of the electron transport chain.
Substances labeled (Q) and (R) represent:
(Q) is oxygen and (R) is hydrogen

(Q) is hydrogen and (R) is water
(Q) is oxygen and (R) is water
(Q) is water and (R) is oxygen
1

4) The diagram below shows chemiosmosis.
The part labeled (X) in the diagram is called:
carboxylase
phosphofructokinase
ATPase
dehydrogenase
5) The diagram below shows the two stages of photosynthesis.
Reactions labeled (X) take place in __________ and reactions labeled (Y) take place in
__________.
X Y
stroma thylakoid
stroma grana
thylakoid grana
thylakoid stroma
2
6) A student conducts an experiment by collecting the gas given off by a green

plant placed in a very low light intensity at room temperature. The main gas being
collected is:
hydrogen oxygen
water vapor carbon dioxide
7) The graph below shows the percent of light absorbed by different pigments at
wavelengths ranging between 400 and 700 nm.
Identify the different pigments labeled (X, Y and Z).
X Y Z
Carotenoids Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b Carotenoids
Carotenoids Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll a Carotenoids Chlorophyll b
3

8) The diagram below shows the re-absorption in the proximal convoluted tubule.
Which of the following is correct about the mechanisms of re-absorption labeled (A, B
and C)?
A B C
glucose by active harmful substances by
water by osmosis
transport active transport
harmful substances by glucose by active
water by osmosis
active transport transport
harmful substances by
glucose by diffusion ions by active transport
active transport
harmful substances by
ions by active transport water by osmosis
active transport
4
9) A muscle is placed in a medium containing glucose and with or without the hormone
labeled (A). Then, the quantity of glucose absorbed by the muscle and the quantity
of stored glycogen is measured in both media. The results are shown in the graph
below.
What can be concluded from this experiment concerning the hormone and its effect
on the muscle cells?
Hormone The effect
Glucagon glycogenesis
Glucagon gluconeogenesis
Insulin glycogenesis
Insulin gluconeogenesis
5

10) Adipose cells are extracted from a person suffering from type 2 diabetes. These cells
are cultured in a medium containing glucose labeled 14C. Insulin is added to this
medium and the amount of 14C contained in the cells is measured. The results are
shown in the graph below.
Which graph may represent the results of the person who has type 2 diabetes?
A B
C D
11) The diagram below shows a myelinated motor neurone.
The site where transmitter substances bind and initiate depolarisation is:
A B
C D
6
12) The diagram represents a simple reflex arc.
What is the sequence an impulse passes during a reflex action?
first last
P Q R
Q R P
Q P R
R P Q
13) Saltatory conduction:
occurs in non-myelinated nerves.

involves increasing the size of an action potential.
causes a decrease in the speed of transmission of action potentials.
involves action potentials “jumping” from one node to the next along the axon.
14) Which of the following is NOT correct about the endocrine system?
It secretes hormones.
It secretes enzymes.
Only target organs are stimulated.
Involves the movement of chemical messengers via the blood system.
7
Question 2: Extended Questions (56 marks)

15) The respiratory quotient can yield information about the nature of the substrate being
used for respiration and the type of metabolism that is occuring. (4 marks)
The following equation shows the aerobic respiration of the oil triolein (Olive oil):
2 C57 H104 O6 + 160 O2 104 H2 O + 114 CO2
a. Calculate the respiratory quotient for the respiration of triolein.

Show your calculations.
b. Explain why the value of respiratory quotient of a human is usually between 0.7
and 1.0.
8
16) The diagram below shows the Krebs Cycle. (6 marks)
a. What is the number of carbon atoms in the compounds labeled (X), (Y) and (Z)?
(X):
(Y):
(Z):
b. Where does this metabolic pathway take place?
c. Name the processes labeled (1) and (2).
(1):
(2):
9

17) The table below shows the lactate concentration in the blood of a person at
increasing levels of exercise. (5 marks)
Level of Exercise/ Blood lactate

arbitrary units concentration/mmol dm-3
0 1.5
60 2.2
120 3.7
180 6.2
240 10.0
a. Explain the change in blood lactate concentration as shown in the table above.
b. The diagram below shows the fate of lactate after exercise.
(i) Name the molecule labeled (X).

(X):
(ii) Describe what will happen to the pyruvate.
10
18) The diagram below shows the light dependent reactions. (6 marks)
a. Name the part of the chloroplast labeled (B):

(B):
b. Explain how the part of the chloroplast labeled (A) becomes positively charged
and how this plays a role in ATP production.
c. Identify one importance of the reaction labeled (X).
d. Explain the role played by pigments chlorophyll and carotenoids present in

structures labeled (C) and (D) to harvest sunlight.
11

19) The diagram below shows an experiment that was done in the presence and absence
of light. (2 marks)
In which leaf (A or B) is triose phosphate present in high amounts? Explain your answer.
12
20) The figure below shows the main stages of the Calvin cycle. (5 marks)
a. Name the process labeled (Y).

(Y):
b. How many RuBP molecules will be produced if 12 molecules of CO2 enter the
cycle?
c. The process labeled (X) is catalyzed by the enzyme Rubisco. When the plant is
not exposed to sunlight, Rubisco was found to be in an inactive form. How is this
possible when this enzyme takes part in the light-independent reactions?
13

21) Give two external conditions and explain how they are controlled to increase crop
yield in intensive agriculture. (2 marks)
22) A student gave a sample of urine and then drank 1000 cm³ of distilled water rapidly.
Urine was then collected at regular intervals and measurements made of the volume
of each sample and its salt concentration. The results are shown on the following
graphs. (2 marks)
Using your knowledge of osmoregulation, explain the change in the volume and salt
concentration of urine between 0 - 60 minutes.
14
23) The diagram below represents part of a kidney nephron showing a glomerulus and
renal capsule. (4 marks)
(i) The stage of urine formation that is shown in the diagram:
(ii) The structure labeled (B):
b. Explain how the high hydrostatic pressure is achieved in the part labeled (Y).
c. Answer the following regarding the filtrate:
(i) Explain why components like blood cells, shown in (C), usually can't be found
in the filtrate.
(ii) Determine the net movement of filtrate in (A).

From X to Y OR From Y to X
15

24) The figure below shows how abscisic acid (ABA) controls the closing of the stomata.
(2 marks)
(i) Structure labeled (X):
(ii) Ions labeled (Y):
b. Explain how the binding of ABA will affect the stomata.
16
25) The figure below shows the glucose regulation process by negative feedback.
(2 marks)
a. From the chart identify the coordinator and effector.
coordinator effector
b. Explain how the normal glucose level will negatively feedback the glucose
regulation process.
17

26) The diagram below shows a myelinated sensory neurone. (6 marks)
a. Name the structures labeled (A) and (B).
(A)
(B)
b. Give one feature, shown in the diagram that identifies this cell as a sensory
neurone.
c. Write the correct numbers that show the position of each of the following:
(i) the receptor
(ii) central nervous system
(iii) action potential could occur on fiber B
18
27) The table below shows features of three types of neurones in a spinal reflex. Place a
tick ( ) in the box if the feature is present in any of the named neurones. (2 marks)
Type of neurone
Feature
Sensory Relay Motor
Found only in the central

nervous system
Neurone terminates at the

effector
28) The diagram below shows the arrangement of some proteins in a myofibril from a
skeletal muscle. The myofibril is shown in the relaxed state. (2 marks)
a. Name the protein found in the filament labeled (Y).
b. When the muscle contracts, what happens to the width of:
(i) the band labeled (W)?
(ii) the band labeled (X)?
19

29) The table shows the membrane potential of an axon at rest and during the different
phases of an action potential. Complete the table by writing in each box whether the
Na+ gated channels and K+ gated channels are open or closed. (3 marks)
Starting to
Resting Repolarizing
depolarize
Membrane
–70 –50 –20
potential/mV
Na+ channels in
axon membrane
K+ channels in
axon membrane
30) The figure below shows a synapse. Complete the steps of synapse transmission by
filling in the missing information. (3 marks)
1. Action potential arrives at synaptic knob.

This triggers Ca2+ ions absorption.
2.
3. Transmitter substance diffuses across the

synaptic cleft
4. Ion channels now open, allowing Na+ ions

to flow and action potential is generated.
5. Transmitter substance is now inactivated by
Inactivated products will be reabsorbed and

resynthesized into transmitter substance by
presynaptic knob.
20
Do not write in this space Diploma, Bilingual Private Schools, Biology First Session – First Semester Academic Year: 2018/2019
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Diploma, Bilingual Private Schools, Biology Second Session – First Semester Academic Year: 2018/2019



There are 14 multiple-choice items worth two marks each.

1) Energy is released from ATP molecule when the bond is broken between:
adenine and ribose.

adenine and a phosphate group.
two phosphate groups.
two ribose molecules.
2) The RQ is defined as:
The volume of oxygen required for respiration.

The ratio between the CO2 liberated and the O2 taken in.
The volume of CO2 liberated per gram.
The ratio between the oxygen taken in and the fat utilised.
3) The diagram below shows the electron transport chain.
What is the terminal acceptor of electrons in this chain?
Carbon dioxide. Water.

Oxygen. NAD.
1

4) Fermentation of glucose by yeast produces:
ethyl alcohol and oxygen.

ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide.
lactic acid and oxygen.
lactic acid and carbon dioxide.
5) Which of the following is correct about the structure shown in the diagram below?
Name of structure Found in
Chlorophyll Stroma
Carotenoids Thylakoid
Photosystem Thylakoid
Photosystem Stroma
6) The thylakoid space becomes positively charged during the light-dependent reactions
as:
carbon dioxide builds up in the stroma.

H+ ions are pumped from stroma into thylakoid space.
ATP synthase pushes H+ ions from the stroma into thylakoid space.
H+ ions build up in the stroma as electrons are excited to higher energy levels.
2
7) The graph below shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.
What is the limiting factor at the points labeled (X) and (Y)?
X Y
Carbon dioxide concentration Light intensity
Carbon dioxide concentration Carbon dioxide concentration
Light intensity Carbon dioxide concentration
Light intensity Light intensity
8) The filtrate becomes more dilute as it moves through the ascending loop of Henle.
This because the ascending loop of henle is:
permeable to water and ions.

impermeable to water and ions.
permeable to ions but impermeable to water.
permeable to water but impermeable to ions.
3

9) The variation of glycemia (level of blood glucose) in the arteries and veins of a muscle
and a liver was measured upon the injection of 235mg/min of glucose. The results are
shown in the graphs below labeled (1) and (2). (An artery brings blood to an organ
and a vein takes blood away from an organ).
Which graph corresponds to the activity of the liver and which to the activity of the
muscle? Justify the answer.
Graph 1 and reason Graph 2 and reason
Liver only stores glucose Muscle stores and releases glucose
Liver stores and releases glucose Muscle only stores glucose
Muscle stores and releases glucose Liver only stores glucose
Muscle only stores glucose Liver stores and releases glucose
10) Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant stress hormone, which of the following correctly
represents the effect of ABA on stomata and under which environmental conditions?
Effect on Stomata Environmental condition
Closure Drought
Opening Drought
Closure High humidity
Opening Low humidity
4
11) What is the correct statement about motor neurones?
Motor neurones transmit action potentials towards the central nervous system.
Motor neurones are the only type of neurone to have a cell body.
All motor neurones terminate on effector cells.
Motor neurones have shorter axons than relay neurons.
12) The diagram shows the human nervous system.

Which letter indicates a part of the central nervous system?
A
B
C
D
13) Which of the following correctly describes the events in a reflex arc?
Receptor Sensory neuron Relay neuron Motor neuron Effector.

Receptor Motor neuron Relay neuron Sensory neuron Effector.
Effector Motor neuron Relay neuron Sensory neuron Receptor.
Effector Sensory neuron Relay neuron Motor neuron Receptor.
14) The correct order of events for the chemical transmission at a synapse is:
1, 2, 3
1, 3, 2
3, 2, 1
2, 1, 3
5
Extended Questions (56 marks)

15) The equation below shows some of the glycolysis steps. (6 marks)
a. Where in the cell does glycolysis occur?
b. Explain why ATP molecules are used in the first stage of glycolysis.
c. What type of chemical reaction is involved in the conversion of triose phosphate

to pyruvate?
d. How is reduced NAD re-oxidised in anaerobic conditions in:
(i) Animals?
(ii) Yeast?
6
16) The diagram below shows a process of energy generation. (3 marks)
(i) the process
(ii) the enzyme labeled (A):
b. To which stage of aerobic respiration does this

process belong?
17) The diagram below shows the structure of a mitochondrion: (3 marks)
Match the letter in the diagram with the following:
a. The part that fills with H+ ions as electrons move down the electron transport
chain:
b. The part where link reactions take place:
c. The part where enzymes for the electron transport chain are located:
7

18) A student placed a respirometer with maggots (blowfly larvae) in a water bath at different
temperatures. The table below shows the results of this investigation. (3 marks)
Temperature of water bath (°C) Mean Oxygen consumption/hr
10 3.6
15 7.2
20 10.2
25 15.0
30 18.0
35 16.2
a. During this investigation, the student found that 2.0 g of maggots consumed 4.8
cm3 of oxygen in 20 minutes. Calculate which of the water bath temperatures
most likely to produce this result. Show your calculations.
b. Explain why the student did not use temperatures higher than 35 °C?
8
19) The diagram below shows the light dependent stage of photosynthesis. (6 marks)
(i) The type of photophosphorylation:
(ii) The substance labeled (X):
(iii) The part of the chloroplast labeled (Y):
b. Identify the pathway of the electrons in this stage?
c. What are the final products of this stage?
9

20) The figure below shows the main stages of the Calvin cycle. (4 marks)
a. State precisely where the Calvin cycle occurs in plant cells.
b. Name the following:
(i) The enzyme that catalyzes the reaction labeled (X):
(ii) The three carbon sugar labeled (Y):
c. How many RuBP molecules will be produced if 6 molecules of CO2 enter the
cycle?
10
21) The figure below shows the two stages of photosynthesis. (3 marks)
a. Complete the table below with the names of the substances labeled (A), (B), (C)
and (D)
A B C D
b. List the two products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are used in the
process labeled (E).
11

22) The graphs below show the absorption and action spectra of photosynthetic
pigments. (2 marks)
a. Name the photosynthetic pigments of the graphs labeled (X) and (Y).
(X):
(Y):
b. Identify the light wavelengths that drive photosynthesis.
12
23) A rat is continuously injected by a serum containing anti-insulin antibodies. These

antibodies neutralise insulin, thus preventing it from binding to its receptors on target
cells. Afterwards, the variation in glycemia (the level of blood glucose) is studied. The
results are presented in the graph below. (2 marks)
a. Identify the time of injecting the rat with anti-insulin antibodies?
b. Conclude the role of insulin evident in

the graph.
24) The diagram below represents part of a kidney nephron showing ultrafiltration.
(3 marks)
a. Name the structure labeled (X)
b. Suggest which type of organic molecules in the blood are responsible for
maintaining the blood osmotic pressure after filtration.
c. What are the components of filtrate labeled (Y)?
13

25) The chart below represents the negative feedback system in the process of
osmoregulation. (5 marks)
a. From the chart identify the receptor and coordinator.
Receptor Coordinator
b. Describe the urine that will be produced as a result of the above situation.
c. Explain how the effect of ADH on the collecting ducts negatively feed back to the
coordinator?
14
26) The table below shows features of three types of neurones in a spinal reflex. Place a
tick ( ) in the box if the feature is present in any of the named neurones. (2 marks)
Type of neuron
Feature
Sensory Relay Motor
Impulse is stimulated by the

receptor
The cell body is not located in

the central nervous system
27) The graph below shows the change in potential difference across the cell surface
membrane of a neurone during the spread of a nerve impulse. (5 marks)
a. Explain in terms of ions movements, the change in membrane potential difference

which takes place between:
(i) The points labeled (A) and (B).
(ii) The points labeled (C) and (D).
15

b. Which label indicates where is the resting potential re-established? What is the
membrane potential difference at this step?
c. Calculate the maximum change in potential difference across the membrane of

this neurone during depolarization.
28) The table shows the conduction velocity (speed) of a nerve impulse along a
myelinated and an unmyelinated neurone, each with a diameter of 5 μm. (2 marks)
Conduction velocity/ms-1
Myelinated neurone Unmyelinated neuron
24.9 5.1
Explain why there is a difference in the conduction velocity of these neurones.
16
29) The figure below shows two relaxed sarcomeres from skeletal muscle. (4 marks)
a. Name the protein found in the structure labeled (A).
b. How many sarcomeres shown in the diagram?
c. When the sarcomeres relax, what happens to the length of?
(i) The band labeled (B).
(ii) The band labeled (C).
17

30) The following sequence of events occurs at the neuromuscular junction. (3 marks)
Name the following:
(i) The substance labeled (X):
(ii) The substance labeled (Y):
(iii) The structure labeled (B):
18
Do not write in this space Diploma, Bilingual Private Schools, Biology Second Session – First Semester Academic Year: 2018/2019
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Diploma, Bilingual Private Schools, Biology First Session – First Semester Academic Year: 2019/2020

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Question 1: Multiple Choice Items (14 marks)

There are 14 multiple-choice items worth one mark each.

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The correct labels for the compounds labeled A and B are:

4) The following is the general equation of aerobic respiration of one type of

6 C18H36O18 + ………. O2 108 CO2 + 108 H2O + ……….. ATP

The correct number of O2 molecules required and ATP molecules produced

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Which of the following correctly identifies the three graphs?

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Statement 1: The rate of RuBP production is rising.

1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 only

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Carbon dioxide limits the rate of photosynthesis at point Z.

8) The diagram below shows the function of stomata in a plant.

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insulin from alpha cells. insulin from beta cells.

11) The diagrams below show two different neurones.

The neurones labeled (X) and (Y) are:

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Na+ channels open K+ channels open Pump is working

Pump is working Na+ channels open K+ channels open

Pump is working K+ channels open Na+ channels open

K+ channels open Na+ channels open Pump is working

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1 - Neurotransmitter enters the cleft.

 he flow of Ca+2 ions into the

4 - Ca+2 ions stimulate the vesicles to

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Question 2: Extended Questions (56 marks)

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a. Name the compounds labeled (X) and (Y):

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16) The diagram below shows anaerobic respiration. (6 marks)

a. Name the reactions labeled (1), (2) and (3)

c. Name the molecules labeled (X) and (Y).

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(ii) What is the importance of the molecules labeled (C)?

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a. Name the stage of photosynthesis.

b. Explain the importance of light to the part labeled (B).

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a. Is the photophosphorylation shown in the diagram cyclic or non-cyclic?

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mass of molecules (Daltons)

a. Name the following:

(i) The part labeled (Y):

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b. Explain the following:

(i) Name the molecule labeled (D).

(ii) What is the name of this disorder?

Question 1: Multiple Choice Items (14 marks)

he flow of Ca+2 ions into the

4 - Ca+2 ions stimulate the vesicles to

Question 2: Extended Questions (56 marks)

16) The diagram below shows anaerobic respiration. (6 marks)

Question 1: Multiple Choice Items (14 marks)

Question 2: Extended Questions (56 marks)

16) The diagram below shows the Krebs Cycle. (6 marks)