LESSON 11: SPEAKING PART 1

A. VOCABULARY - GLOBAL WARMING

I. NATURAL PROCESS:

Vocabulary Word type Phonetic English Vietnamese

transcription definition definition
condense v /kənˈdens/ to change from a gas
(condenses, into a liquid; to make a
condensing, gas change into a
liquid
condensed)
contract n /ˈkɒntrækt/ an official written
(contracts, agreement
contracting,
contracted)
expand v /ɪkˈspænd/  to become greater in
(expands, size, number or
expanding, importance; to make
something greater in
expanded) size, number or
importance
flow n /fləʊ/ the steady and
(flows, flowing, continuous movement
flowed) of
something/somebody
in one direction

II. ADJECTIVES:

Vocabulary Word type Phonetic English Vietnamese

transcription definition definition
accurate a /ˈækjərət/ correct and true in
(>< inaccurate) every detail
likely a /ˈlaɪkli/ having a good
(>< unlikely) chance of
happening or being
something; probable 
or expected

III. VERBS ASSOCIATED WITH SCIENTIFIC STUDY:

Vocabulary Word type Phonetic English Vietnamese

transcription definition definition
estimate v /ˈestɪmeɪt/ to form an idea of the
(estimates, cost, size, value etc. of
estimating, something, but without
calculating it exactly
estimated)
predict v /prɪˈdɪkt/ to say that something
will happen in the
future
 (predicts,
predicting,
predicted)
state n /steɪt/ a country
(states, stating, considered as an
stated) organized political
community
controlled by one
government

IV. NOUNS ASSOCIATED WITH CLIMATE:

Vocabulary Word type Phonetic English Vietnamese

transcription definition definition
current a /ˈkʌrənt/ happening now; of
(currents) the present time
drought n /draʊt/ a long period of time
(droughts) when there is little or
no rain
flood n /flʌd/  a large
(floods) amount of water
covering an area that
is usually dry
glacier n /ˈɡlæsiə(r)/  a slow-moving mass
(glaciers) or river of ice, formed
from snow on
mountains or near
the North Pole or
South Pole
hurricane n /ˈhʌrɪkən/ a violent
(hurricanes) storm with very
strong winds,
especially in the
western Atlantic
Ocean
typhoon n /taɪˈfuːn/ a violent tropical
(typhoons) storm with very
strong winds

V. PRACTICE:
1. Complete each sentence 1-6 with an appropriate word.

1. This mountain range was formed by _ l________s millions of years ago.

2. Tropical storms and _ y________s are common in the South Pacific at this time of the year.
3. The Horn of Africa has been afflicted with severe _ _ _ _ g _ _ s for many years.
4. You need to be careful when swimming in these waters as there’s a very strong _ _r_____t.
5. The cost of repairing properties damaged by the _ l_____ran into billions of pounds.
6. We’ve been advised to board up the windows and stay indoors as the _ u r_________is
approaching fast.

2. Read the questions 1-4 about the words in Exercise 1. Then listen to Track 1 to find
 answers. [Track 1]
1. Is a hurricane more likely to cause a flood or a drought?
2. What is the difference between a hurricane and a typhoon?
3. Where might you find a glacier?
4. Where might you feel a current: in the air, the water, in both air and water?
 Exam Tip: The prefixes un-, in-, il-, ir- and dis- are commonly used to make words negative.
Example: necessary – unnecessary, accurate - inaccurate.
Learning to recognize negative prefixes can help you work out the meaning of words.

3. Make words 1-5 negative by adding a prefix.

1. agree 4. legal
2. consistent 5. responsible
3. likely

Exam Tip: The word pairs above are antonyms (words with opposite meanings). Other
prefixes that are commonly used to form antonyms include:

Knowing the meaning of these prefixes can help you work out the meaning of unfamiliar
words and their opposites.

4. Match the prefixes 1-4 with the word roots a-d.

1. con- a. -pand
2. ex- b. -estimate, -flow
3. pre- c. -dense, -tract
4. over- d. -historic

5. Choose the words from exercise 3 and 4 to complete sentences 1-7. Make any
necessary changes to verb forms.

1. Water vapour to form clouds.

2. When water turns into ice, it .
3. In times, people endured ice ages, which are prolonged periods of intense
cold.
4. During the flooding, rivers and streams their banks in countless places.
5. Climate scientists came to different conclusions because the data was .
6. Global warming is to slow down in the near future.
7. Politicians over how to deal with climate change.

6. Listen to sentence pairs 1-6. Complete the table with the antonyms that you hear. [Track 2]
 sentence a sentence b
1
2
3
4

B. SPEAKING PART 1

PRACTICE: Prepare your answers for the following IELTS Speaking test Part 1. Practise saying
them.

Topic: Home

1. Where is your home?

2. Who do you live with?
3. What would you change about your house?
4. Do you plan to live there in the future?
5. What is your neighbourhood like?

Topic: Art

1. Are you good at art?

2. Did you learn art at school when you were a child?
3. What kind of art do you like?
4. Have you ever been to an art gallery?
5. Do you think children can benefit from going to art galleries?

Topic: Childhood

1. Did you enjoy your childhood?

2. What is your first memory of your childhood?
3. Did you have a lot of friends when you were a child?
4. What did you enjoy doing as a child?
5. Do you think it is better for children to grow up in the city or in the countryside?