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Lab Report Experiment 10 CHM3100
Lab Report Experiment 10 CHM3100
Lab Report Experiment 10 CHM3100
analysis.
plot a graph.
Assignment 1
Answer:
�2 − �1
�=
�� – �1
xn : thegreatest value
0.401−0.380
�=
0.410–0.380
= 0.7
The suspicious measurement, 0.380 should not be rejected because it meets the Q test at
90%confidence level.
b. If three further measurements were added to those given in the above question so that
Should0.380still beretained?
Answer :
�2 − �1
�=
�� – �1
0.400−0.380
�= = 0.606
0.413–0.380
Thesuspicious value,0.380 is rejected because it does not comply the Q test at 90% confidencelevel.
Assignment 2
400 ml beaker. The student placed the beaker on a scale accurate to one
decimal place and added water until the water reached the 400 mL line. This
was repeated 8 times and recorded the following masses of water 403.2g,
402.7g, 399.6g, 401.4g, 397.3g, 400.1g, 395.6g and 398.3g. Assuming the
calculate:
�1 + �2 + … + ��
���� =
N
2
�� − �
�2 =
n−1
S2 : sample variance
400− 399.8 2
�2 =
8−1
= 0.0057
�� − � 2
�=
n−1
�= 0.0057 = 0.0755
S
�������� ����� =
�
S : standard deviation
n : number of observations
0.0755
�������� ����� =
8
= 0.0267
�2 − �1
�=
�� – �1
397.3 −395.6
�= = 0.22
403.2 – 395.6
Assignment 3
You are to measure Ca2+concentration associated with aerosol particles collected onto
You prepare 8 standard solutions for your calibration curve. The following data was
collected:
a. In Microsoft Excel, plot the calibration data as Absorbance versus Concentration (M units).
c. Using your calibration curve equation, calculate the calcium concentrations (M units) for the four
samples. Remember, your calibration curve has limitations.
y = 0.1782 x – 0.1038
Sample A : Sample B :
x = 2.08 M x = 6.87 M
Sample C : Sample D :
x = 6.70 M x = 4.84 M
Sample Concentration (M) Average Absorbance (A)
A 2.08 0.266
B 6.87 1.121
C 6.70 1.09
D 4.84 0.759
d. For which samples are you able to determine the calcium concentration with your calibration
curve? Which ones cannot be determine? Explain.
Sample A, B and C can be determined with the calibration curve but sample D cannot. This is
because the value of sample D exceed the limitation of the calibration curve. For example, the
average absorbance of sample D is 0.759 therefore, the calcium concentration should be within
5.0 ppm to 6.0 ppm.
e. What modifications must you do to your samples or calibration curve so that you can accurately
measure the absorbance and calculate the correct calcium concentrations for all samples?
First, increase the accuracy by increasing the number of sampling calibration. Next, the accuracy of
some methods can be improved by adding a suitable internal standard to both calibration standards
and test samples and basing the regression on the ratio of the analyte response to that of the
internal standard. The use of an internal standard corrects for small variations in the operating
conditions. Other than that, the average absorbance and calcium concentration need to be adjusted.
For instance, the average absorbance should be within 47.74 to 57.74 hence we can get the calcium
concentration within 5.0 ppm to 6.0 ppm.