MATHEMATICS 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 5

NAME: ____________________________________ YR & SEC: _____________________

Competencies:
The learner illustrates quadratic inequalities M9AL-If-1; solves quadratic
inequalities M9AL-If-2; and solves problems involving quadratic in equalities M9AL-Ig-1.

Expectations:

This module is designed to help you understand the key concepts of quadratic
inequalities.
After accomplishing this module you are expected to:
1. illustrate quadratic inequalities;
2. solve quadratic inequalities; and
3. solve problems involving quadratic inequalities.

Pre-test:
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter on your answer sheet.
1. It is an inequality that contains a polynomial of 2nd degree and can be written in
any of the following forms 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 > 0, 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 < 0, 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ≤ 0, or
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ≥ 0.
a. Linear Equation c. Quadratic Equation
b. Linear Inequality d. Quadratic Inequality
2. Which of the following is equal to x2 − x − 6 < 0?
a. (x+2)(x−3) < 0 c. (x+2)(x+3) < 0
b. (x-2)(x−3) < 0 d. (x-2)(x+3) < 0
3. Find the solution set in interval notation of the inequality x2 + 2x – 8 ≥ 0.
a. [-4,2] c. (-∞,-4] ∪ [2,+∞)
b. [-2,4] d. (-∞,-2] ∪ [4,+∞)
4. Find the solution set of the inequality x2 + 2x - 15 < 0.
a. {x|-5 < x < 3} c. {x|x < -5 or x > 3}

b. {x|-3 < x < 5} d. {x|x < -3 or x > 5}

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 5. The length of a rectangular garden is 5m longer than its width and the area is at
least 36m2. Which is NOT a possible width of the garden?
a. 9m b. 7m c. 5m d. 2m

Looking Back to your Lesson:

In your previous lessons you have learned about quadratic equations and solving
quadratic equation in different ways. Your understanding of that lessons and previously
learned mathematics concepts and principles will facilitate your understanding in these
succeeding lessons. To review what you have learned from those lessons, answer the
given activity below.
Find the roots of each of the following quadratic equations:
Equations Roots
x2 + 11x + 10 = 0 x = -10; x = -1
1. x2 + 5x + 6 = 0
2. x2 – 9x +14 = 0
3. x2 + 4x – 12 = 0
4. x2 - 2x – 15 = 0
5. 2x2 - 5x -12 = 0

Introduction of the Topic:

Lesson 1: QUADRATIC INEQUALITY

A quadratic inequality is an inequality that contains a polynomial of 2nd degree

and can be written in any of the following forms

𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 > 0 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ≤ 0

𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 < 0 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ≥ 0

Where a, b, and c are real numbers and a≠0

EXAMPLES OF QUADRATIC INEQUALITIES

1. 2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 1 > 0 3. 3𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 5 ≤ 0

2. 𝑥 2 − 9 < 2𝑥 4. 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 ≥ 10

3.

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Lesson 2. Solving Quadratic Inequality
Steps:
1. Express the quadratic inequality as a quadratic equation.
2. Solve the corresponding quadratic equation. The real solution/s to the equation
become boundary point/s for the solutions of the inequality.
3. Plot the boundary point/s on the number line. Make the boundary point/s solid
circle if the original inequality includes equality (≤ or ≥); otherwise, make the
boundary point/s open circle. These boundary point/s divide the number line
into intervals.
4. Choose a test point from each interval. Substitute it in the inequality.
5. If a test point satisfies the inequality, then the interval that contains that test
point is part of the solution.
6. Represent the solution as set notation or interval notation.

Example 1. Find the solution set of 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 12 ≥ 0.

The corresponding equality of 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 12 ≥ 0 is 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 12 = 0.

SOLUTIONS STEPS

𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 12 = 0 Corresponding equality
Solve by factoring
*learners can use different methods of
(x+3)(x+4)=0 solving quadratic equation (e.g. Solving
using Quadratic formula, Completing
the square etc.)
Equate each factor to zero (Zero Product
x+3=0 ; x+4=0
Property)
x = -3 and x = -4 Solve for x
Plot the points corresponding to -3 and
−4 −3• -4 on the number line.
•
−4 −3• The three intervals are (-∞, -4], [-4, -3],
-∞ • +∞
and [-3, +∞)

TEST A NUMBER FROM EACH INTERVAL AGAINST THE INEQUALITY

x=-5 x=-3.5 x=1

*any value less than -4 can be *any value between -4 *any value greater than -3 can can be
used and -3 can be used can be used

x=-5 x=-3.5 x=1

(x+3)(x+4)>0 (x+3)(x+4)>0 (x+3)(x+4)>0
(-5+3)(-5+4)>0 (-3.5+3)(-3.5+4)>0 (1+3)(1+4)>0
(-2)(-1)>0 (-0.5)(0.5)>0 (4)(5)>0
2>0 -0.25>0 20>0
TRUE FALSE TRUE

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 Given: 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟕𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐 ≥ 𝟎
From the above table, it shows that the
test point -5 from the interval (-∞,-4],
and test point 1 from the interval
[-3,∞) both satisfy the inequality.
Hence, the solution of 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 12 ≥ 0
SET NOTATION:
+ _ +
−4 −3• { x|x ≤ -4 or x ≥ -3}
-∞ • +∞
INTERVAL NOTATION
(-∞,-4] ∪ [-3,∞)
If the quadratic inequality has a ≥ or ≤
symbol use hard bracket [ ] which means
the values of x are included, while if the
quadratic inequality has a > or < symbol
use soft bracket ( ) which means the
values of x are excluded.

Example 2: Solve 2x2 + x – 15 < 0

2x2 + x – 15 = 0 Corresponding equation

(2x – 5) (x + 3) = 0 Solve by factoring

2x – 5 = 0 ; x + 3 = 0 Equate each factor to 0 (Zero Product Property)
5
x= ; x = -3 Solve for x
2
5
and -3 boundary points
2

x < -3 -3 < x <

5
5
2 x>
2
5
(-∞, −3) (-3, )
5
( , +∞)
2 2

-∞ -3 5 +∞
Test point: 2

x=-4 x=2 x=5

2x2 + x – 15 < 0 2x2 + x – 15 < 0 2x2 + x – 15 < 0

(2x-5) (x+3) < 0 (2x-5) (x+3) < 0 (2x-5) (x+3) < 0

[2(-4)-5] (-4+3) <0 [2(2)-5] (2+3) <0 [2(5)-5] (5+3) <0

(-8-5) (-1) < 0 (4-5) (2+3) < 0 (10-5) (5+3) < 0

(-13) (-1) < 0 (-1) (5) < 0 (5) (8) < 0

13 < 0 -5 < 0 40 < 0

False True False

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 5
Since the value of x that satisfies the inequality is 2 which is from the interval (−3, ),
2
5 5
hence, the solution of 2x2 + x – 15 < 0 is (−3, ) in interval notation or {𝑥 | − 3 < 𝑥 < }
2 2
in set notation.

Lesson 3. Solving Problems Involving Quadratic Inequality

Steps in Solving Problems Involving Quadratic Inequality.

1. Read and analyze the given problem.

2. Make a representation for the unknown in the problem.
3. Formulate an inequality based on the conditions given in the problem.
4. Solve the resulting inequality.
5. Make a conclusion.

Problem1: The width of a rectangular field is 5m longer than its length and the area is
at least 50m2. Find the possible lengths of the field.

Representation:
Let x = length

x + 5 = width

Inequality: (L) (W) = Area

x (x + 5) ≥ 50

Solve the inequality:

x ( x + 5) ≥ 50
x2 + 5x ≥ 50

x2 + 5x = 50 Corresponding equation

x2 + 5x – 50 = 0 Standard Form
(x+10) (x-5) = 0 Solve the equation by factoring

x + 10 = 0 ; x -5 = 0 Equate each factor to 0 (Zero Product Property)

x = -10 ; x=5 Solve for x

-10 and 5 are the boundary points

x ≤ -10 -10 ≤ x ≤ 5 x≥5

(-∞, −10] [-10, 5] [5 , +∞)

-∞ -10 5 +∞

Test Point:

x = -11 x=1 x=7

x(x+5) ≥ 50 x(x+5) ≥ 50 x(x+5) ≥ 50

-11(-11+5) ≥ 50 1 (1+5) ≥ 50 7(7+5) ≥ 50

-11(-6) ≥ 50 1 (6) ≥ 50 7(12) ≥ 50

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66 ≥ 50 6 ≥ 50 84 ≥ 50

True False True

The solution set of x2 + 5x ≥ 50 is:

Set Notation: {x|x ≤ -10 or x ≥ 5}

Interval Notation: (-∞, -10] ∪ [5,∞)

Conclusion: Since there are no negative dimensions, the possible lengths of the
rectangular field will be x ≥ 5m.

Problem2: The product of two integers is at most 120. If the larger integer is 2 more
than the smaller, find the possible values of the smaller integer.

Representation:

Let x = smaller integer

x + 2 = larger integer
Inequality:

x(x + 2) ≤ 120

Solve the inequality:

x(x + 2) ≤ 120

x2 + 2x ≤ 120

x2 + 2x −120 ≤ 0

x2 + 2x – 120 = 0 Corresponding equation

(x+12) (x-10) = 0 Solve the equation by factoring

x+12 = 0 ; x-10 = 0 Zero Product Property

x = -12 ; x = 10 Solve for x

x ≤ -12 -12 ≤ x ≤ 10 x ≥ 10

(-∞, −12] [-12, 10] [10 , +∞)

-∞ -12 10 +∞
Test Point:

x = -13 x=0 x = 11
x2 + 2x – 120 ≤ 0 x2 + 2x – 120 ≤ 0 x2 + 2x – 120 ≤ 0
(x+12)(x-10) ≤ 0 (x+12)(x-10) ≤ 0 (x+12)(x-10) ≤ 0

(-1)(-23) ≤ 0 (12)(-10) ≤ 0 (23)(1) ≤ 0

23 ≤ 0 -13 ≤ 0 23 ≤ 0

False True False

The solution set of x2 + 2x – 120 ≤ 0 is:

MATH 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 5 P a g e 6|9

Set Notation: {x| -12 ≤ x ≤ 10}

Interval Notation: [−12,10]

Conclusion: Thus, the possible values of the smaller integers are -12 ≤ x ≤ 10.

Activities:

ACTIVITY 1

Directions: Determine whether the given is a quadratic inequality or not. Write QI if it

is quadratic inequality and N if it is not.

_______1. 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 ≥ 8 ______4. 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 < 1

______2. 𝑥 + 4 ≤ 2 ______5. 2𝑥 2 + 5 ≥ 𝑥

______3. 𝑥 2 > 4𝑥 − 6 ______6. 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 = 15

ACTIVITY 2
Directions: Find the solution set in interval notation of each of the following quadratic
inequalities.

1. 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 8 > 0 4. 𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 ≥ −14
2. 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 5 < 0 5. 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 ≤ 8
3. 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3 < 0 6. 2𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 ≥ 5

ACTIVITY 3 : Problem Solving

Problem: The floor of a conference hall can be covered completely with tiles. Its length
is 10m longer than its width. The area of the floor is greater than 600m2.
1. How would you represent the width of the floor? How about its length?
2. What mathematical sentence would represent the given situation?
3. What are the possible dimensions of the floor?
4. What are the possible areas of the floor?

Remember:
A quadratic inequality is an inequality that contains a polynomial of degree 2
and can be written in any of the following forms:

𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 > 0 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ≤ 0

𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 < 0 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ≥ 0

MATH 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 5 P a g e 7|9

Steps in Solving Quadratic Inequality:
1. Express the quadratic inequality as a quadratic equation.
2. Solve the corresponding quadratic equation. The real solution/s to the equation
become boundary point/s for the solutions of the inequality.
3. Plot the boundary point/s on the number line. Make the boundary point/s solid
circle if the original inequality includes equality (≤ or ≥); otherwise, make the
boundary point/s open circle. These boundary point/s divide the number line
into disjoint intervals.
4. Choose a test point from each interval. Substitute it in the inequality.
5. If a test point satisfies the inequality, then the interval that contains that test
point is part of the solution.
6. Represent the solution as set notation or interval notation.

Steps in Solving Problems Involving Quadratic Inequality.

1. Read and analyze the given problem.

2. Make a representation for the unknown in the problem.
3. Formulate an inequality based on the conditions given in the problem.
4. Solve the resulting inequality.
5. Make a conclusion.

Check your Understanding:

Identify the quadratic inequality and find its solution set:

1. 𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 8 ≥ 0
2. 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0
3. 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 > 0
4. 𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 < −20
5. 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 16 > 0

Post-test:

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter on your answer sheet.
1. It is an inequality that contains a polynomial of 2nd degree and can be written in
any of the following forms 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 > 0, 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 < 0, 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ≤ 0, or
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ≥ 0.
a. Linear Equation c. Quadratic Equation
b. Linear Inequality d. Quadratic Inequality
2. Which of the following is equal to x2 − x − 6 < 0?
a. (x+2)(x−3) < 0 c. (x+2)(x+3) < 0
b. (x-2)(x−3) < 0 d. (x-2)(x+3) < 0
3. Find the solution set in interval notation of the inequality x2 + 2x – 8 ≥ 0.
a. [-4,2] c. (-∞,-4] ∪ [2,+∞)
b. [-2,4] d. (-∞,-2] ∪ [4,+∞)

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 4. Find the solution set of the inequality x2 + 2x - 15 < 0.
c. {x|-5 < x < 3} c. {x|x < -5 or x > 3}
d. {x|-3 < x < 5} d. {x|x < -3 or x > 5}
5. The length of a rectangular garden is 5m longer than its width and the area is at
least 36m2. Which is NOT a possible width of the garden?
b. 9m b. 7m c. 5m d. 2m

MATH 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 5 P a g e 9|9

 MATHEMATICS 9
Quarter 1 Week 5
ANSWER SHEET
Name: Math Teacher:
Section: Score:

MATH 9 QUARTER 1 WEEK 5 P a g e 10 | 9