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Security 

is freedom from, or resilience against, potential harm (or other


unwanted coercive change) caused by others. Beneficiaries (technically referents) of
security may be of persons and social groups, objects and institutions, ecosystems or
any other entity or phenomenon vulnerable to unwanted change.

Refugees fleeing war and insecurity in Iraq and Syria arrive at Lesbos Island, supported by Spanish volunteers,
2015

Security mostly refers to protection from hostile forces, but it has a wide range of other
senses: for example, as the absence of harm (e.g. freedom from want); as the presence
of an essential good (e.g. food security); as resilience against potential damage or harm
(e.g. secure foundations); as secrecy (e.g. a secure telephone line); as containment
(e.g. a secure room or cell); and as a state of mind (e.g. emotional security).
The term is also used to refer to acts and systems whose purpose may be to provide
security (e.g. security forces; security guard; cyber security systems; security
cameras; remote guarding).

Computer security[edit]
Main article: Computer security
Computer security, also known as cybersecurity or IT security, refers to the security of
computing devices such as computers and smartphones, as well as computer
networks such as private and public networks, and the Internet. The field has growing
importance due to the increasing reliance on computer systems in most societies.[9] It
concerns the protection of hardware, software, data, people, and also the procedures by
which systems are accessed. The means of computer security include the physical
security of systems and security of information held on them.
Corporate security[edit]
Main article: Corporate security
Corporate security refers to the resilience of corporations against espionage, theft,
damage, and other threats. The security of corporations has become more complex as
reliance on IT systems has increased, and their physical presence has become more
highly distributed across several countries, including environments that are, or may
rapidly become, hostile to them.
Ecological security[edit]
Main article: Environmental security
Ecological security, also known as environmental security, refers to the integrity
of ecosystems and the biosphere, particularly in relation to their capacity to sustain
a diversity of life-forms (including human life). The security of ecosystems has attracted
greater attention as the impact of ecological damage by humans has grown.[10]

Graffiti about ecological security, Belarus, 2016

Food security[edit]
Main article: Food security
Food security refers to the ready supply of, and access to, safe and nutritious food.
[11]
 Food security is gaining in importance as the world's population has grown and
productive land has diminished through overuse and climate change.[12][13]

Climate change is affecting global agriculture and food security

Home security[edit]
Main article: Home security
Home security normally refers to the security systems used on a property used as a
dwelling (commonly including doors, locks, alarm systems, lighting, fencing); and
personal security practices (such as ensuring doors are locked, alarms activated,
windows closed etc.)
Security spikes protect a gated community in the East End of London.

Human security[edit]
Main article: Human security

Boys play among the bombed-out ruins of Gaza City, 2009

Human security is the name of an emerging paradigm which, in response to traditional


emphasis on the right of nation states to protect themselves,[14] has focused on the
primacy of the security of people (individuals and communities).[15] The concept is
supported by the United Nations General Assembly, which has stressed "the right of
people to live in freedom and dignity" and recognized "that all individuals, in particular
vulnerable people, are entitled to freedom from fear and freedom from want".[16]
National security[edit]
Main article: National security
National security refers to the security of a nation state, including its people, economy,
and institutions. In practice, state governments rely on a wide range of means,
including diplomacy, economic power, and military capabilities.

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