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Making of The Constitution
Making of The Constitution
It was in 1934 that the idea to create a Consitution for India without any
interference from other countries. (Especially from Britain) M.N. Roy first
coined this Idea, and then in 1935 Indian National Congress (INC) officially
demanded for the first time for the Constitution. Consequently, in 1938,
Jawaharlal Nehru announced on behalf of INC, that Indian Constitution would
be framed without any outside interference by the constituent assembly
members elected by Adult Franchise.
The demand was accepted by the British in 1940 and also it is known as
‘August Offer’. Following that, in 1942 Sir Stafford Cripps came to India with a
draft proposal by the British Government on the framing of Indian Constitution
after the World War II. Later on, it was denied by the Muslim League which
wanted to divide India into two autonomous parts.
Seats allocated to the British Provinces and the Princely States are based on
the Proportion to their respective Population. (1 seat for Million Population).
And also seats should be decided among the three principal communities like
Muslim, Sikhs and General Communities (Other than the First two
communities). The representatives of each community should be elected by the
members of that community by the method of Proportional representation
through a single transferable vote.
Later, on December 11, 1946, Dr. Rajendra Prasad and HC Mukherjee were
elected as the President and Vice- President of the Constituent Assembly
respectively. B.N Rau was appointed as the Constitutional Advisor to the
Assembly.
Among all the Committees, the most important committee was the Drafting
Committee in which Dr. B.R Ambedkar played a role as Chairman setup on
August 29, 1947.
The Principles of Cabinet Government and the relations between the executive
and the legislature have been derived from the British Constitution. The other
provisions of the Constitution were from, Germany, USSR (Now Russia),
Canada, Australia, France, South Africa, Japan.
Finally, The Indian Constitution was adopted on Nov 26th, 1949. The wiki
entry says, “The Constitution of India was adopted on 26 November 1949 and
came into effect on 26 January 1950, proclaiming India to be a sovereign,
democratic republic.