UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

CAWANGAN TERENGGANU KAMPUS

BUKIT BESI

NAME : SITI NUR HIDAYAH BINTI SHEIKH BAHARULISHAM

STUDENT ID : 2020825072
GROUP MEMBERS : 1. WAN NORSYAZANA ALIA BINTI WAN KAMARUDDIN
2. NURULAIN SYAFIQAH BINTI AB RAZAK

3. SAYYIDAH NAFISAH BINTI AIMAN FIRDAUS SINGARAVADIVEL

COURSE : CHM 256
GROUP : AS121 2B8
EXPERIMENT TITLE : DETERMINATION THE PERCENT (W/W) OF THE ACTIVE
INGREDIENT IN ASPIRIN TABLET

DATE OF EXPERIMENT :
DATE OF SUBMITION : 24 / 05 / 2021
NAME OF LECTUREE : MADAM SITI MUNIRAH BINTI MUDA
INTRODUCTION

An aspirin tablet known to be as a releasing pain for a time being. There is an active
ingredient that been conclude in the tablet which is acetylsalicylic acid ( 𝑪𝟗 𝑯𝟖 𝑶𝟒 ). By
using the hydrolyzation process with the excess of sodium hydroxide ( 𝑵𝒂𝑶𝑯 ) it can
hydrolyze the aspirin. After the process, it will perform two weak acids which are athanoic
acid and salicylic acid. The excess of sodium hydroxide will become an unreacted form
after the process. The acid hydrochloric can be used to neutralized the unreacted sodium
hydroxide. From this experiment the principle of back titration are being use to determine
the excess mole of sodium hydroxide and the mole of sodium hydroxide that consume by
acetylsalicylic acid .

OBJECTIVE
To determine the percent (w/w) of the active ingredient which is acetysalicyclic
acid ( 𝑪𝟗 𝑯𝟖 𝑶𝟒 ) in the aspirin tablet.

APPARATUS
- Volumetric flask : 250 ml (1) 100 ml (2)
- Retort stand
- 250 ml conical flask ( X 3 )
- 20 ml, 25 ml pipette
- Burette
- Weighing boat
- Filter tunnel
- Dropper

CHEMICALS
- 1 M NaOH
- Phenolphthalein indicator
- Aspirin tablet
- 0.1 M HCl
PROCEDURE

Hydrolysis of aspirin

1. Weighted accurately a definite number aspirin tablet which not exceed 1.5g. Recorded
the brand name, the manufacturer’s name and % content ( mass ) of the active ingredient
in the tablet.

2. Used a weighing paper to weight the aspirin tablet accurately and transferred the
tablets into a 250 ml conical flask.
3. Added 25 ml 1.0 M NaOH solution and 25 ml of water to the tablet using a pipette.
Heated the mixture until it boils about 10 minutes in order to hydrolyze the aspirin.
4.Cooled the solution at a room temperature. Transferred quantitatively into 250 ml
volumetric flask. Diluted the solution to the mark carefully using dropper when the level is
close to the calibration mark.

Back Titration

1. Pipetted 20 ml of aspirin solution into a 250 ml conical flask.

( Dilutation fator= 250/250= 12.5 )
2. Added 1-2 drops of phenol red or phenolphthalein indicator.
3. Titrated the aspirin solution in the 250 ml conical flask with the diluted 0.1 M HCl
solution from the burette slowly. Shaked the flask until the indicator change in colour (
phenol red : light red to yellow ; phenolphthalein : pink to colourless ). Recorded the
reading at the end point of the titration.
4. Repeated the procedure 2-3 times and recorded all the readings in a table.
5. Calculated the % w/w of the acetylsalicylic per tablet.
 RESULT / DATA

TABLE 5.1

Commercial / brand name of aspirin tablet Millisprin

Name of manufacturer KCK Pharmaceutical

Mass tablet of active ingredient ( acetylsalicylic )

stated on the label ( 2 tablets ) 600 mg

Mass of aspirin tablet ( 2 tablets ) 1.1567 g

Calculated % w/w 77.8 %

TABLE 5.2 : STANDARDISATION OF HCl SOLUTION

Titration Rough 1 2 3
Final burette reading 16.95 17.00 16.95 16.95
Initial burette reading 0 0 0 0
Volume of HCl used 16.95 17.00 16.95 16.95

Average volume of HCl : 16.95 ml

Volume of 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3 used : 25.0 ml
Molarity of 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3 : 0.05 M
 TABLE 5.3 : TITRATION OF ASPIRIN SOLUTION WITH HCl
Titration Rough 1 2 3

Final burette reading 35.60 28.30 41.60 36.90

Initial burette reading 24.40 15.00 28.30 30.00
Volume of HCl used 35.60 28.30 41.60 36.90

Average volume of HCl : 35.60 ml

Initial volume of NaOH used to hydrolyze aspirin : 25.00 ml
CALCULATION

a) Based on the data obtained in Table 5.2 calculate the exact molarity of HCl.

𝑴𝒂 × 𝑽𝒂 = 𝑴𝒃 × 𝑽𝒃
𝑴𝒂 = 𝑴𝒃 × 𝑽𝒃
𝑽𝒂
= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓 𝑴 × 𝟎. 𝟏 𝑳
𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟔𝟗𝟓 𝑳
= 𝟎. 𝟐𝟗𝟑 𝑴

b) Using back titration method, calculate the % ( w/w ) aspirin in the aspirin tablet.

i) Calculate the initial mole of NaOH used for hydrolysis

mol NaOH = 𝟏. 𝟎 × 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟓

= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒐𝒍 𝑵𝒂𝑶𝑯

ii) Based on Equation (2), calculate the mole of excess ( unreacted ) NaOH.

𝑵𝒂𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝑪𝒍 → 𝑵𝒂𝑪𝒍 + 𝑯𝟐 O

Mol HCl = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟗𝟓 × 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟔𝟗 = 𝟓. 𝟎 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑

Mol NaOH = ( 𝟓. 𝟎 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 ) × 𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓 𝒎𝒐𝒍

iii) Calculate the mole of NaOH that has actually reacted with acetylsalicylic acid.

Mol NaOH = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟓

= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒐𝒍

iv) Based on Equation (1), calculate the mole of acetylsalicylic acid in the solution.

𝑪𝑯𝟑 𝑪𝑶𝑶 − 𝑪𝟔 𝑯𝟒 − 𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝟐𝑵𝒂𝑶𝑯 → 𝑪𝑯𝟑 𝑪𝑶𝑶− 𝑵𝒂+ + 𝑯𝑶 − 𝑪𝟔 𝑯𝟒 −

𝑪𝑶𝑶− 𝑵𝒂+

𝟏 𝒎𝒐𝒍 𝑨𝑺𝑨
Moles of acetylsalicylic acid = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒐𝒍 𝑵𝒂𝑶𝑯 ×
𝟐 𝒎𝒐𝒍 𝑵𝒂𝑶𝑯

= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒐𝒍 𝑨𝑺𝑨

v) Calculate the mass then the % w/w of acetylsalicylic acid in the tablet.

𝟏𝟖𝟎.𝟏𝟔 𝒈 𝑨𝑺𝑨
Mass of ASA =𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝒎𝒐𝒍 𝑨𝑺𝑨 ×
𝟏 𝒎𝒐𝒍 𝑨𝑺𝑨
= 𝟐. 𝟐𝟓𝟐 𝒈 𝑨𝑺𝑨

𝒘 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒆
% = × 𝟏𝟎𝟎 %
𝒘 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝟎.𝟔𝟎𝟎
= × 𝟏𝟎𝟎 %
𝟐.𝟐𝟓𝟐

= 𝟐𝟔. 𝟔 %
 vi) Compare the % w/w calculated in Table 5.1 and the result obtained in (v). Calculate
the % error.

𝒘 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒆
% = × 𝟏𝟎𝟎 %
𝒘 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝟎.𝟔𝟎𝟎
= 𝟏.𝟏𝟓𝟕
× 𝟏𝟎𝟎 %

= 𝟓𝟏. 𝟗 %

( 𝟓𝟏.𝟗 −𝟐𝟔.𝟔 )
% 𝒆𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 = × 𝟏𝟎𝟎 %
𝟓𝟏.𝟗

= 𝟒𝟖. 𝟕 %

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the experiment come out with 26.6 % w/w of acetylsalicylic acid that contain
in the aspirin tablet.