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Molecular Gastronomy: Introduction To
Molecular Gastronomy: Introduction To
Molecular Gastronomy: Introduction To
MOLECULAR
GASTRONOMY
Cl
CALCIUM LACTATE
Mc
METHYLCELLULOSE
G
GELATIN
IcIOTA
CARRAGEENAN
M
MALTODEXTRIN
Research in food preservation is not a Today, the term “food additive” covers
new development. Human beings have nearly 2,500 chemicals that are added
always sought to preserve foodstuffs to foods for specific purposes such
first by chilling, drying or smoking
meat, then by adding salt, vinegar and
as preserving or processing and
enhancing flavor or color. The use Sa
SODIUM ALGINATE
Sl
SOY LECITHIN
Gg
GELLAN GUM
Kc KAPPA
Xg
XANTHAN GUM
sugar. However, industrialization and of additives in the food processing CARRAGEENAN
SPHERIFICATION 02
Pour the preparation into a mold and place it in the freezer until
completely frozen.
N.B. Each ice cube will form a sphere. Toppings such as small pieces of
ENCAPSULATE FLAVORS INTO BUBBLES THAT BURST IN fruit or aromatic herbs can be placed in the mold before freezing.
YOUR MOUTH. Prepare a sodium alginate bath in a flat-bottomed container by
03 dissolving one sachet (2 g) of sodium alginate into 2 cups of water.
N.B. The use of a hand blender is recommended as some egg beaters
will not be powerful enough.
How to master Spherification?
Let the sodium alginate bath sit for at least 15 minutes to allow
04 the air bubbles trapped within the solution following the brewing
When a solution containing calcium lactate is submerged into a sodium alginate
to escape.
bath, calcium ions react with alginate molecules by allowing them to align and
N.B. Too many air bubbles will prevent the calcium ions contained
bind so that a thin gel membrane encapsulates the solution. The gelification within the frozen spheres from piercing through the surface of
process that forms the membrane will stop the moment the sphere is rinsed, the sodium alginate bath.
as its interior will be free of alginate molecules.
Submerge the frozen spheres containing calcium ions into the
05
sodium alginate bath.
N.B. Ensure that the spheres do not touch one another while in the
bath by stirring delicately, as this can cause their membranes
to stick together and eventually break.
Let the calcium ions and alginate molecules interact for at least
06
3 minutes.
N.B. Delicately tilt the spheres in the sodium alginate bath in order
to ensure that their membrane forms evenly
Collect the spheres from the sodium alginate bath using a slotted
07
spoon and rinse them in cold water.
N.B. The gelification process will stop the moment the spheres are
rinsed, as this will stop the formation of the membrane.
01
Dissolve one sachet (2 g) of soy lecithin into the solution to be
lathered.
CREATE COLORFUL FOAMS THAT INTENSIFY AROMAS. N.B. The use of a hand blender is recommended as some egg beaters
are not powerful enough.
PLEASE NOTE
GELIFICATION
N.B. The oil should be cold enough and the glass tall enough for the
gelification process to be completed before the drops of the
agar-agar solution reach the bottom of the glass.
SCULPT FLAVORS INTO TASTY PEARLS, RAVIOLI OR Heat the preparation and sprinkle in one sachet (2g) of agar-
02
SPAGHETTIS. agar.
N.B. Stir preparation until the agar-agar is completely dissolved.
Collect the pearls using a slotted spoon or a sieve and rinse the
05
pearls with water.
6 - RECIPES
05
a tasting spoon. Add a dash of melon
liqueur in each spoon and decorate
with orange zest.
EMULSIFICATION RECIPES
7 - RECIPES
(You can reblend the soy lecithin
04 Place in the freezer for 5 hours or until the foam is completely frozen.
preparation several times in order to
05 Serve the malt vinegar foam with the chips. obtain more foam).
GELIFICATION RECIPES
8 - RECIPES
02
completely congealed.
Repeat steps 4 to 6 to make more
07
03 Unmold the spheres and serve. spaghettis. Serve with desire dish.
ADVANCED RECIPES
DIRECTIONS
01 Peel the melon and cut it into cubes. Process the cubes of cantaloupe in a blender until a
uniform texture is obtained and strain the contents through a sieve. Mix in the sugar.
02 In a rectangular, flat-bottomed bowl and using a hand blender, dissolve 1 sachet of sodium
alginate in 1 cup (250 ml) of the cantaloupe coulis made in the previous step. Let sit for
10 minutes.
03 Dissolve 1 sachet of calcium lactate in 2 cups of water using a spoon. Then, using a pipette held
at a 90° angle, slowly drip droplets of the cantaloupe-alginate syrup into the calcium lactate CHOCOLATE SPAGHETTI & ORANGE JELLY
bath. Let sit for 3 minutes, then empty the calcium lactate bath into the sink and onto a sieve so
you’re left with just the melon caviar. Rinse in lukewarm water. INGREDIENTS
Wrap a slice of prosciutto around a crouton to create a bowl shape. Fill with the melon caviar, 1 cup (240 ml) milk 20 ice cubes
04
garnish with the zest and pepper and drizzle with olive oil. 3 oz (85 g) dark Chocolate 1 large bowl of cold water
2 tbsp (30 ml) Tia Maria ½ cup (120 ml) orange juice
1 sachet (2 g) AGAR AGAR ½ sachet (1 g) AGAR AGAR
DIRECTIONS
01
Bring the milk and 1 sachet of agar-agar to a boil. Add the chocolate and mix it in well until it
melts. Remove from the stove and mix in the Tia Maria until it is evenly distributed throughout.
02 Place the ice cubes in a large bowl, then fill with cold water.
03
Use the syringe to siphon off some of the chocolate and Tia Maria preparation and inject it into
the silicone tubes.
04 Immerse the silicone tubes in cold water for 4 minutes.
05 Use the syringe to inject air into the silicone tubes and eject the spaghetti.
06 Repeat steps 3 to 5 to make more spaghettis.
Bring the orange juice and ½ sachet of agar-agar to a boil and continue boiling for 2 minutes
07
while stirring. Refrigerate for 1 hour or until the preparation is completely congealed.
08
Unmold the gel and cut it into small pieces. Mix in a blender until smooth. Fill a pipette with
this mixture.
9 - RECIPES
Serve the chocolate and Tia Maria spaghetti on a plate and garnish it with drops of orange jelly
09
using the pipette.
BELL PEPPER BUBBLES ON OLIVES
INGREDIENTS
1 red bell pepper 2 cups (470 ml) water
½ tsp (2.5 ml) CALCIUM LACTATE 1 sachet (2 g) SODIUM ALGINATE
1 yellow bell pepper 10.6 oz (300 g) pitted green olives
½ tsp (2.5 ml) CALCIUM LACTATE 1 clove garlic, chopped
1 orange bell pepper 1 tbsp (15 ml) olive oil
½ tsp (2.5 ml) CALCIUM LACTATE
DIRECTIONS
01 Wash and trim bell peppers.
02
Using a hand blender, mix the red bell pepper until a puree is obtained. Add water if needed.
Strain the mixture through a sieve and reserve 1 cup (235 ml) of the red bell pepper coulis.
03 Measure ½ tsp (2.5 ml) of calcium lactate and dissolve it onto the red bell pepper coulis using
a spoon. Pour the mixture into half-spherical molds. Place in the freezer for 1 hour or until the
spheres are completely frozen.
SURPRISE CRANBERRY JELLY 04 Repeat steps 2 and 3 with the yellow and orange bell peppers.
05 Using a hand blender, dissolve the sodium alginate into the water and let sit for 5 minutes.
INGREDIENTS
06
Remove the frozen bell pepper spheres from the mold and place them in the sodium alginate
1½ cups (360 ml) cranberry juice 1 cup (240 ml) milk bath. Let sit for 5 minutes while stirring delicately with a spoon.
1½ sachet (3 g) AGAR AGAR 1 tbsp (15 ml) sugar
⅔ cup (160 ml) water 1 tbsp (15 ml) tapioca 07
Using a slotted spoon, scoop out the spheres, rinse them in a bowl of water and remove excess
¼ cup (60 ml) lemon Juice
moisture by blotting the bottom of the slotted spoon against a paper towel.
1.75 oz (50 g) sugar 08
To make the olive tapenade, mix all ingredients together in a blender until a puree is obtained.
2 cups (470 ml) cold vegetable oil Serve the tapenade in serving spoons and decorate each spoon with a bell pepper sphere.
1 sachet (2 g) AGAR AGAR
DIRECTIONS
01 Put the 2 cups of vegetable oil in the freezer for at least 30 minutes.
02
Bring the cranberry juice and 3 g (1½ sachet) of the agar-agar to a boil and continue boiling for
2 minutes. Refrigerate for 1 hour.
03
Bring the lemon juice, water, sugar and 1 sachet the agar-agar to a boil. Remove from stove and
let sit uncovered for 5 minutes.
04 Pour the cold oil into a glass measuring no less than 6 inches (15 cm) in height.
Fill a pipette with the lemon juice preparation from step 3 and drip it into the cold oil. Let sit for
05
2 minutes. Using a sieve, scoop up the pearls from the oil and rinse them in warm water.
06
Bring the milk, sugar and tapioca to a boil. Let simmer for 5 minutes, stirring constantly.
Remove from stove, cover and let sit for 20 minutes.
07 Using a sieve, rinse the tapioca in water.
Unmold the cranberry gel made in step 2 and cut it into small pieces. Mix in a blender until
10 - RECIPES
08
smooth.
09
In a bowl, delicately stir together the cranberry juice gel, lemon juice pearls and tapioca pearls
using a rubber spatula. Serve in small glasses.
STRAWBERRY & RHUBARB DAIQUIRI
INGREDIENTS
2 cups (470 ml) strawberries ¾ cup (180 ml) sugar 3”-long rhubarb sticks
2 tbsp (30 ml) sugar 2 cups (470 ml) water lemon-flavored sparkling water
½ tsp (2.5 ml) CALCIUM LACTATE 3 cups (750 ml) fresh rhubarb 1 oz (30 ml) white rum
2 cups (470 ml) water 1 cup (240 ml) strawberries
1 sachet (2 g) SODIUM ALGINATE juice of half a lemon
1 sachet (2 g) SOY LECITHIN
DIRECTIONS
01
In a blender, puree strawberries, sugar and calcium lactate. Pour mixture into small, demi-
spherical molds and let sit in the freezer for 1 hour or until the spheres are frozen.
In a rectangular, flat-bottomed bowl and using a hand blender, dissolve sodium alginate in
SUSPENDED ENERGY 02
water. Let sit for 15 minutes.
Unmold frozen coulis spheres in alginate bath. Let sit for 3 minutes while gently stirring once in
INGREDIENTS 03
a while to prevent the spheres from touching.
1 cup (240 ml) Red Bull 1 cup (240 ml) water
Fill a medium-sized bowl with water. Using a slotted spoon, delicately collect the spheres and
1 tbsp (15 ml) pineapple 1 tbsp (15 ml) sugar 04
briefly rinse them in the water, then remove excess water from each sphere by applying a piece
½ sachet (0.5 g) XANTHAN GUM 6 drops vanilla extract
of paper towel on the bottom of the spoon. Reserve.
1 sachet (2 g) SOY LECITHIN
DIRECTIONS 05 In a pot, bring water and sugar to a boil. Add rhubarb coarsely chopped and strawberries, mix
and leave to simmer on low heat for 7 minutes.
01
Measure ½ cup (120 ml) of the Red Bull. Using a hand blender, incorporate the xanthan gum. Let
sit for 30 minutes. Reserve the rest of the Red Bull. 06
Using a sieve and above a medium-sized bowl, filter the mixture without pressing the solid
ingredients, which can then be discarded. Mix in lemon juice.
02 Cut the pineapple into a brunoise.
In a rectangular, flat-bottomed bowl, transfer approximately 1 ½ cups (375 ml) of filtered
03 Combine soy lecithin, vanilla extract, sugar and water in a flat-bottom rectangular bowl. 07
mixture and sprinkle in soy lecithin. Using a hand blender, blend for 3 to 4 minutes, then let sit
04
Using a hand blender, incorporate air bubles into the solution for 3 to 4 minutes and let sit for for 5 minutes.
5 minutes. Reserve. To serve, collect foam using a spoon. If needed and to obtain more foam, repeat step 7.
08
11 - RECIPES
05 Scoop off the foam with a spoon. Pour the rum in a glass (optional). Fill with cold lemon-flavored sparkling water. In the glass,
09
Just before serving, delicately stir the pineapple and remaining Red Bull in the thickened Red place a strawberry coulis sphere and a 3”-long piece of rhubarb. Top with strawberry and
06
Bull made in step 1. Serve in a clear glass and top it off with the vanilla foam. rhubarb foam and serve.
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