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Ejercicio sobre ED por Sustitución y Separación

de variables

I) Sustituya y= eqx, dentro de las ecuaciones diferenciales dadas para determinar


todos los valores de la constante q, para los cuales y= e qx es una solución de la
ecuación.
a) 2 y’ = 4y

Q= 1 y= ex

y’= ex

m
er as
2(ex)=4(ex)

co
eH w
2ex=4ex

o.
Q= 2
rs e
ou urc
y= e2x
o

y’= 2e2x
aC s
vi y re

2(2e2x)= 4(e2x)

4e2x= 4e2x
ed d

b) 5 y’ = 40y
ar stu

Q= 1 y= ex

y’= ex
is
Th

5(ex) = 40(ex)

5ex= 40ex
sh

Q= 8

y= e8x

y’= 8e8x

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5(8e8x) = 40(e8x)

40e8x= 40e8x

c) 2 y’’ = 8y

Q=1 y= ex

y’= ex

y’’=ex

2 (ex) = 8(ex)

2ex= 8ex

m
er as
Q=2 y= e2x

co
eH w
y’= 2e2x

o.
y’’=4e2x rs e
ou urc
2(4e2x) = 8(e2x)
o

8e2x= 8e2x
aC s
vi y re

d) y'' +7y'+12y=0

Q= -1 y= e-x
ed d

y’= -e-x
ar stu

y’’= e-x

e-x +7(-e-x)+12(e-x)=0
is
Th

e-x -7e-x+12e-x=0

-6e-x+12e-x=0
sh

6e-x=0

Q= -3 y= e-3x

y’= -3e-3x

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y’’= 9e-3x

9e-3x +7(-3e-3x)+12(e-3x)=0

9e-2x-21e-2x+12e-2x=0

-12e-2x+12e-2x=0

0=0

e) 2y'' +2y'-12y=0

Q= 1 y= ex

y’= ex

m
y’’=ex

er as
co
2(ex) +2(ex)-12(ex)=0

eH w
o.
2ex +2ex-12ex=0
rs e
ou urc
4ex-12ex=0

-8ex=0
o
aC s

Q= 2 y= e2x
vi y re

y’= 2e2x

y’’=4e2x
ed d
ar stu

2(4e2x) +2(2e2x)-12(e2x)=0

8e2x+4 e2x-12e2x=0
is

12e2x-12e2x=0
Th

0=0
sh

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II) Resuelva las siguientes Ecuaciones Diferenciales por sustitución

a) dy = 4-2x
dx 3y2-5

b) dy = x2
dx 1+y2

m
er as
co
c) dy = y3

eH w
dx x2

o.
rs e
ou urc
d) y' = 2x-1
3y2
o
aC s
vi y re

e) dy = y sen x
dx
ed d
ar stu

f) y' = x2
is

y
Th

g) x y' = 4y
sh

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