Dexter C.

Gomez
ED-302/ETCOMSOL
I. First supporting point or key topic area: Low salary of Teachers in the Philippines.

A. Sub-point or subtopic: Disincentive to further improve public education system

B. Sub-point or subtopic: Teachers choosing to work abroad

II. Second supporting point or key topic area: Budget allocation for education from
government

A. Sub-point or subtopic: The growing rate of OSY (out of school youth)

B. Sub-point or subtopic: Low salary wages for the workers (Parents)

III. Third supporting point or key topic area: Poverty effect to education for poor citizens

A. Sub-point or subtopic: Malnutrition and unhealthy lifestyle

B. Sub-point or subtopic: Quality education benefits

Dexter C. Gomez
ED-302/ETCOMSOL
Topic: Lack of Teachers in Public Schools in the Philippines
I. The role and importance of teachers in public schools.
     A. What are the vital roles of teachers?
             1.Roles of teachers in schools
             2.Importance and value of the teachers
      B. Why teachers choose to work abroad
              1. Low salary of teachers in public school
              2.Too much workload and working hours of the public teachers.
II. Public school teachers’ experiences to the poor working environment and the
infrastructure and supplies.
        A. What are the needs of the teachers to enhance teaching quality.
             1.increase the infrastructure of classrooms and teaching materials
             2.Increase of public teacher’s salary and benefits to improve teaching quality
        B. Negative effect of the shortage of public-school teachers.
             1. What is the effect to the teachers.
              2. What is the effect to the students.
III. Conclusion and Recommendation
         A. Conclusion
               1. How to retain the teachers about this field
               2.Create an appealing and attracting benefits to motivate teachers teaching
quality
         B. Recommendations
              1. The government should appreciate the value and importance of public-
school teachers
               2.  The government should propose and make a law to the salary increase of
the teachers.

Dexter C. Gomez 11/17/2021

ED-302/ETCOMSCOL Ms. Darlina B. Formoso
 Lack of Teachers in Public Schools in the Philippines

Schools across the country have been struggling for years to fill thousands upon
thousands of vacant teaching positions, and the situation has only worsened during the
pandemic, as many educators refuse to return to classrooms, they believe seem to be
unsafe. It is an educational crisis that impedes learning and has a profound impact on
students, particularly in high-poverty areas where there are more likely to be shortages
of highly qualified teachers (Flannery, 2020). "The teacher shortage is a crisis for the
teaching profession and a major issue for the entire education system." It is damaging
to students, teachers, and the public education system," said economist Emma Garcia,
co-author of EPI's sixth and final installment in its "Perfect Storm in the Teacher Labor
Market" series.
The role and importance of teachers in public schools.
The role of a teacher is to give students the tools they need to succeed in school
and at home. However, being a teacher entails much more than simply carrying out
lesson plans. Teaching is a highly sophisticated profession that frequently extends
beyond the domain of academic institution. Teachers must serve as foster parents,
mentors and counselors, and even quasi-politicians in addition to ensuring students'
academic success. There are almost no limitations to the roles that a teacher can play.
(Cox, 2020).
Teachers in public schools are among the lowest paid professionals in the
Philippines, and among the lowest paid teachers in Asia. It is a socioeconomic issue
that affects not only teachers but also students and the country. Under the third phase
of the Salary Standardization Law, the average salary for public school teachers is
currently around P18,549 per month. This is further reduced by deductions from various
loans and private lending institutions. To top it all off, there are the usual deductions
made such as Government Service Insurance premiums, withholding taxes,
PHILHEALTH contributions, and so on, leaving them with an insufficient amount of
salary given the high cost of living we have today.
Public school teachers’ experiences to the poor working environment and the
infrastructure and supplies.
According to the ACT survey, public school teachers must work "extended hours"
to complete their assigned duties. According to ACT, the eight-hour work "rule is widely
violated," with approximately 41% of teacher-respondents in Metro Manila and 29% of
those outside Metro Manila reporting that they "work for 9 hours to 16 hours and beyond
on class days." "Public school teachers' longer working hours operate within the context
of the extended school year, which has deprived them of their rightful proportional
vacation pay after serving a maximum of 220 class days in a school year," according to
ACT.
 Classrooms and textbooks are in particularly short supply. It has been reported
that there is persistent graft and corruption in the acquisition of books and the
construction of school buildings. Other teaching materials, such as science materials,
teaching devices, and audio-visual aids, are also scarce.
Buildings, classrooms, laboratories, and educational equipment are critical
components of learning environments in schools and universities. There is compelling
evidence that high-quality infrastructure facilitates better instruction, improves student
outcomes, and lowers dropout rates, among other advantages (TEIXEIRA, AMOROSO,
& GRESHAM, 2017).
The salary of public-school teachers is set to rise until 2023, according to the
Department of Education (DepEd). According to Sevilla's data, teachers are set to
receive salary increases mandated by Republic Act (RA) 11466, also known as the
Salary Standardization Law (SSL) of 2019. She explained that the RA 11466 increases
are scheduled in four tranches, beginning in 2020 and ending in 2023. The raises will be
based on the Salary Grade (SG) and step associated with the position.
A teacher shortage is disadvantageous to students, teachers, and the public
education system. Insufficient qualified teachers and staff instability seriously affect
students' ability to learn and reduce teachers' effectiveness, while high teacher turnover
consumes economic resources that could be better deployed elsewhere.
Conclusion and Recommendation
Raise teacher pay in order to attract new teachers and keep them in their schools
and profession. This would be accomplished by increasing teacher base pay across the
board, enacting higher increases in teacher base pay in high-poverty schools,
adequately funding pension benefits and removing barriers to accessing them,
considering programs that reduce the major financial burdens that are barriers to
entering and remaining in the teaching profession, and recognizing and addressing
other financial burdens that arise when teachers in under-resourced schools.
The government should propose and make a law to the salary increase of the
teachers by passing pending legislation. This would imply paying tribute to their
significant contribution to youth education and providing them with adequate
compensation commensurate with the sacrifices they make in educating the country's
youth – the country's future citizens. This increase will also shift people's perceptions of
public-school teachers from mere government employees to public servants and
shapers of a nation of moral citizens.

References:
J. Coc (Jan, 2020), What Is the Role of a Teacher? Retrieve:
https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-the-role-of-a-teacher-2081511
J. TEIXEIRA, J. AMOROSO, & J. GRESHAM (Oct. 2017), Why education infrastructure
matters for learning Retrieve: https://blogs.worldbank.org/education/why-education-
infrastructure-matters-learning
R. Sanchez (2015), RAISE THE SALARY OF PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS IN THE
PHILIPPINES Retrieve: https://www.change.org/p/philippines-house-of-representatives-
raise-the-salary-of-public-school-teachers-in-the-philippines
M. Flannery (Oct. 2020), The Teacher Shortage Can Be Addressed — With Key
Changes Retrieve: https://www.nea.org/advocating-for-change/new-from-nea/teacher-
shortage-can-be-addressed-key-changes
M. Malipot (April, 2021), ‘Overworked, undersupported, stressed out’ teachers seek help
from the gov’t Retrieve: https://mb.com.ph/2021/04/29/overworked-undersupported-
stressed-out-teachers-seek-help-from-the-govt/
M. Malipot (May 2021), Heads up! DepEd confirms salary increases of teachers until
2023 Retrieve: https://mb.com.ph/2021/05/06/heads-up-deped-confirms-salary-
increases-of-teachers-until-2023/