Related Accidents and Incidents

B738, vicinity Denpasar Bali Indonesia, 2013

On 13 April 2013, a Lion Air Boeing 737-800 flew a day non precision approach to runway 09 at
Bali (Denpasar) and continued when the required visual reference was lost below MDA.
Despite continued absence of visual reference, the approach was continued until the EGPWS
annunciation 'TWENTY', when the aircraft commander called a go around. Almost
immediately, the aircraft hit the sea surface to the right of the undershoot area and broke up.
All 108 occupants were rescued with only four sustaining serious injury. The Investigation
attributed the accident entirely to the actions and inactions of the two pilots.
A320, Toronto ON Canada, 2017
On 25 February 2017, an Airbus A320 left the side of the landing runway at Toronto when, for
undetermined reasons, the Captain, as Pilot Flying, set up a drift to the right just before
touchdown. This was then followed by a lateral runway excursion into wet grass in rain-
reduced visibility which continued for 1,650 metres before the aircraft regained the runway
and stopped. The Investigation noted that both the absence of runway centreline lighting
and the aircraft operator’s policy of not activating the aircraft rain repellent system or
applying the alternative hydrophobic windshield coating may have increased the excursion
risk.
SF34, Marsh Harbour Bahamas, 2013
On 13 June 2013, a rushed and unstable visual approach to Marsh Harbour by a Saab 340B
was followed by a mishandled landing and a runway excursion. The Investigation concluded
that the way the aircraft had been operated had been contrary to expectations in almost
every respect. This had set the scene for the continuation of a visual approach to an
attempted landing in circumstances where there had been multiple indications that there
was no option but to break off the approach, including a total loss of forward visibility in very
heavy rain as the runway neared.
A333, Montréal QC Canada, 2014
On 7 October 2014, an Airbus A330-300 failed to maintain the runway centreline as it touched
down at Montréal in suddenly reduced forward visibility and part of the left main gear
departed the runway edge, paralleling it briefly before returning to it and regaining the
centreline as the landing roll was completed. The Investigation attributed the excursion to a
delay in corrective action when a sudden change in wind velocity occurred at the same time
as degraded visual reference. It was found that the runway should not have been in use in
such poor visibility without serviceable lighting.
AT75, vicinity Cork Ireland, 2014
On 2 January 2014, the crew of an ATR 72-212A lost forward visibility due to the accumulation
of a thick layer of salt deposits on the windshield whilst the aircraft was being radar
positioned to an approach at Cork on a track which took it close to and at times over the sea
in the presence of strong onshore winds. The Investigation concluded that the prevailing
strong winds over and near to the sea in relatively dry air with little visible moisture present
had been conducive to high concentrations of salt particles at low levels.