FM-AA-CIA-15 Rev.

0 10-July-2020

Study Guide in Prof. Ed. 101 Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles Module No. 2

STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE NO. 2

BASIC CONCEPTS AND ISSUES ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

MODULE OVERVIEW

Every living creature is called to become what it is meant to be. The caterpillar is meant to become as
butterfly; a seed into a full grown herb, bush or tree; and a human baby into a mature person. The person
“who is fully alive, the glory of God” in the words of St. Irenaeus.

How this development happens is what we learn in our biology class. We have seen it to be a fantastic
process. So wonderful a process that we can’t help but experience a feeling of awe for the Power of the Force
or the Principle (theists call this Power or Foce or Principle (God) ) behind all these.

The process of development involves beginnings and endings. What was this organism then? What will this
organism be?

A number of researches on human development have been conducted. A lot of theories on human
development have been forwarded. Researches on human development continue as existing theories get
corrected, complemented or replaced. Up to the present several issues on human development are resolved
and so the search for explanations continue.

In this module, you will be acquainted with human development as a process, the developmental tasks that
come along with each developmental stage and relevant issues that are raised about human development.

MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

In this module, challenge yourself to:

 Define human development in your own words.
 Distinguish between the traditional and life-span approach of development.

LEARNING CONTENTS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: MEANING, CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES

TWO APPROACHES TO HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

A. Traditional
The traditional approach emphasizes extensive change from birth to adolescence, little or no change
in adulthood, and decline in late old age.

B. Life-span
The life-span approach emphasizes developmental change during adulthood as well as childhood.

Characteristics of human development from a life-span perspective

By Paul Baltes (Santrock, 2002) – an expert in life-span development

1. Development is lifelong. It does not end in adulthood.

2. Development is plastic. Plasticity refers to the potential for change.

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Study Guide in Prof. Ed. 101 Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles Module No. 2

3. Development is multidimensional. Development is consists of biological, cognitive and socio-

emotional dimensions.

Biological processes involve changes in the individual’s physical nature. Some common biological
processes are height and weight gain, hormonal changes in the period of puberty, and cardiovascular
decline when approaching adulthood.

Development is relatively orderly. (http://www.cdipage.com/development.htm)

Development takes place gradually. (http://www.cdipage.com/development.htm)

Cognitive processes involve changes in the individual’s thought, intelligence, and language. Some
examples are developing from mere sounds to a word becoming two words, the two words becoming
a sentence, memorizing first prayer, singing Bayang Magiliw in every flag ceremony to imagining what
it would be like to be a teacher or a pilot, playing chess and solving a complex math problem.

Socio-emotional processes include changes in the individual’s relationships with other people,
changes in emotions, and changes in personality. Some examples are responding with a sweet smile
when affectionately touched and frowned when displeased and even showed tantrum when they
could not get or do what they wanted. From aggressive children, they may develop into a fine lady or
a gentleman or otherwise, depending on a myriad of factors. They may fall in love and get inspired for
life or may end up betrayed, deserted and desperate afterwards.

These biological, cognitive and socio-emotional processes are inextricably intertwined. While these
processes are studied separately, the effect of one processes are studied separately, the effect of one
process or factor on a person’s development is not isolated from the other processes.

4. Development is contextual. Individuals are changing beings in a changing world. Individuals respond
to and act on contexts.
5. Development involves growth, maintenance and regulation. Growth, maintenance and regulation are
three (3) goals of human development. The goals of individuals vary among developmental stages.

To know more about this lesson, read articles on:

https://www.strongtowns.org/journal/2019/6/14/traditional-development
https://www.bestcounselingdegrees.net/faq/what-is-lifespan-development/

LEARNING ACTIVITY 1

1. Short quiz on human development: meaning, concepts and approaches. (Objective and essay type)

2. “Growth is an evidence of life” or “development is an evidence of life.” What does this mean? What
does this imply to a person’s development? Briefly discuss it.

Scoring rubric:
Content and Organization ……………………………………… 50%
Accuracy and Conventions (grammar, spelling,
usage and sentence formation) ……………………………….. 30%
Presentation of the output and style …………..………………. 15%
Timeliness………………………………………………….……… 5%
Total 100%

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Study Guide in Prof. Ed. 101 Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles Module No. 2

LEARNING ACTIVIT

SUMMARY

Each developmental arena influences the other in myriad ways. A neglected child suffers malnutrition, which impacts
puberty. That child is at risk for delayed cognitive development, since a huge portion of language and intellectual
development requires nurturance prior to beginning school. This child is at risk of teasing and frustration at school,
which can lead to behavioral problems that stand in the way of forming positive relationships. This child has already
learned not to trust, so he or she will encounter obstacles to social development. When grown, this person will
experience difficulty maintaining a career.

The good news is that people are capable of growing and changing at any stage. Just one positive influence in that
child’s life can be the catalyst to help him or her reverse the cycle completely. Lifespan development is a dynamic
journey. Even when people have no control over certain changes, they most often have control over how they
respond to them. The never-ending cycles of influence make lifespan development a fascinating topic to study.

REFERENCES

Brenda B. Corpuz, Ph.D, et. al. (2018). The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles. Lorimar
Publishing Inc.

https://quizlet.com/216970504/chapter-1-basic-concept-and-issues-on-human-development-flash-cards/

www.yorku.ca › tteo › teach › dev › Intro_files › Intro

https://www.strongtowns.org/journal/2019/6/14/traditional-development

https://www.bestcounselingdegrees.net/faq/what-is-lifespan-development/

http://www.cdipage.com/development.htm

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