Oil & Gas™* FREE THEE. VERSIE OCUMENT REVISION Drilling & Surface and Subsea Systems vesa7a 18 Engineering OAT PAGE Standards & Specifications oo sore TITLE: STANDARD PROCEDURE FOR HARDNESS TESTING GE CONFIDENTIAL This document is classified under the GE document classification and security policy as “GE Confidential”. Access is granted to GE employees with a need to know. Access is granted to external parties subject to implementation of a non-disclosure agreement and a business need to know. Refer to ENGWW19.03 for authorization levels required for communication of technical documents to customers or customer representative: 1. SCOPE 1.1 Contents This specification defines the requirements for validating the hardness testing system, performing and reporting hardness testing or raw material and production parts for GE Oil & Gas applications worldwide. This specification does not give detailed information on how to perform the individual tests ond therefore should be used in conjunction with the appropriate operating procedure(s) for each type of hardness instrument. This specification references both the International Organization for Standardization (iSO} stondards as well a5 the national ASTM standards for hardness testing. Either set of standards may be used for testing and performance validation ond should provide for equivalent results. When using the ISO standards, all parts of that standard shall be used for that standard fie. SO 6506 Parts 1 - 4 shall be used for Brinell testing}. NOTE: Rubber and plastic parts and similar non-metallic components are specifically exempted from the testing provisions of this specification, NOTE: Hardness Testing shall not be performed on any seal surfaces. NOTE: Knoop and Vickers test methods are acceptable hardness methods. The procedure for these tests can be found in ASTM E384, ISO 6507-1 for Vickers and ASTM E384, ISO 4545-1 for Knoop testing. NOTE: Comparative testing for hardness is not recognized as an acceptable hardness method by API, NACE, or ISO. Comparative testers SHALL NOT be used for final acceptance. NOTE: This specification contains requirements more stringent than the industry standards and when this specification is called out in the Engineering Part Specification (EPS), any specific provisions of this specification shall govern. CREATED REVISED BY REVIEWED BY ‘AEPROVED | RELERSED BY Soscha Schieke Stanley Drozdowsk Eddie Poripa Principal Engineer Senior Engineer MPE ASNT Leveli, Cert # 107661 OATE:3 June 2015 ATE: See Document Timestamp DATE: See Document Timestamp‘rere Fe ivisig Fee DOCUMENTOS! DATE / REV. GE Oil & Gas: VGS 8.7.1 Drilling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2018/18 2. APPLICABLE DC Unless otherwise specified, revision levels of the opplicable standords are noted below. If no revision is noted, the latest edition to the standards shall be applied. Conflcts shall be brought to the attention of GE Oil & Gos. ‘ASTM E10; 2014 Standard Test Method for Brineli Hardness of Metallic Materials ASTM E18: 2015, Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials, ‘ASTM E29; 2013, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Dato to Determine Conformance with Specifications ASTM E110: 2014 Standard Test Method for Rockwel! and Brinell Hardness of Metallic Moterials by Portable Hardness Testers ASTM E140: 2012be1 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship ‘Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness ASTM £384: 2011e1 Standard Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness of Materials 150 4545-1:2005 Metallic Materials - Knoop Hardness Test ~ Part 1: Test Method 1SO 6506 Part 1-4:2014 Metallic Materials - Brinell Hardness Test 1S0 6507 - 1:2005 Metallic Materials - Vickers Hordness Test - Part 1: Test Method, 1SO 6508 Part 1-3:2005 Metatlic Materials - Rockwell Hardness Test Instrument Operating Manual Operating instructions for Specific Hardness Testing Devices 3. PERSONNEL 3.1 Cettification Personnel performing, interpreting and recording results of the hardiness testing shall be familiar with the measurement device/testing machine and have received training. The training shall at least provide information about the handling, calibration, the measurement performance and the evaluation of the measurement, The training shall be documented in a form of a signed diploma or certificate and may be conducted internally by GE Oil & Gas QA/QC or Engineering personnel and externally by experienced QAIOC, NOT Level 2 or Level 3 personnel familiar with the operation of the equipment. Personnel performing, interpreting and recording results of hardness testing measurements shall be familiar with the contents of this specification. Each inspector shall be audited for performance annually. The performance audit shall be documented and shall meet requirements as described in Appendix A of this specification.free PRE Fe DOEUMENT=="" | DATET REV. PAGE GE Oil & Gas ves 87.1 Driling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2015/18 30128 3.2 Ey Exam Hardness testing personnel shall take and poss an annucl vision examination in accordance with procedures that meet or exceed the requirements to read Jaeger Number 2 letters at a minimum distance of 12 inches (or equivalent test} in at least one eye with or without correction. Color vision shail be sufficient so that the inspector can distinguish and differentiate contrast between the colors or shades of gray between the edges of the hardness indentations, the material being tested and the scale markings when looking through the indentation measurement system as applicable. 4. SAFETY & ENVIRO! Operational safety associated with the use of this specification shall be the responsibility of the user/contractor under the guidelines of the site-specific safety, health, and environmental program. 5. EQUIPMENT 5.1 Hardness Testing Systems Hardness testing systems meeting the requirements of ASTM E10 {(SO 6506: Parts 1-4), ASTM £110, ASTM £384 (ISO 6507-1 for Vickers and ISO 4545-1 for Knoop testingl, or ASTM E18 (ISO 6508: Parts 1 - 3), are acceptable to use. NOTE: The Shear Pin method or hardness measurements performed with instruments using the rebound method are NOT accepted by GE Oil & Gas due to the inaccuracy of the results. 5.2 Hardness Testing Machines Hardness testing machines support the test specimen and are capable of applying predetermined forcel to the test specimen. 53 indenters indenters are specifically sized and shaped to comply with the testing range and testing method. 53.1 _ Indenters for Brinell hardness testing Indenters for Brinell hardness tests shall be tungsten carbide balls of four allowed diameters (1, 2.5, 5 and 10 mm}. indenter balls shall meet the requirements in ASTM E10 and references herein, 5.3.2 indenters for Rockwell hardness testing Ball indenters shall be made of tungsten carbide with a diometer of 1.588 mm (1/16") of 3.175 mm (1/8") Diamond sphereconical indenters shall have an angle of 120° and radius of curvature at the tip of 0.2 mm (-0.008"), indenters used for Rockwell hardness testing shall meet the requirements in ASTM 18 and ences herein,free PRE Fe DOEUMENT=="" | DATET REV. PAGE GE Oil & Gas ves 87.1 Driling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2015/18 4of 28 533 s for Vi esting Indenters for Vickers hardness tests shall be square-based pyramidal-shaped diamond indenters with face angles of 136°. 5340 Indenters for Knoop hardness tests shall be rhombic-bosed pyramidal edge angles of ZA =172° 30’ and 28 = 130° 0' hoped diamond indenters with 5. indentation Measurement Device 54.1 Indentetion Measurement Device for Brinel| Hardness Testing Type A indentation measuring devices that meet the requirements of ASTM E10 (Type A) or SO 6506 - 2 are acceptable to use. NOTE: Type B indentation measuring devices shall not be used. The resolution of the type A indentation measuring devices shall be in accordance to the following Table (from ASTM E10, Table 2: Bali Diameter (mm) Minimum indicator Resoiution Imm} 10 0.0100 5 0.0050 25 0.0025 1 0.0010 A Type A manual scope {non-automatic optical measurement device! of at least a magnification of 20x shall be used as minimum. It is recommended to use automated scopes when possible as they have in general practice demonstrated greater accuracy and repeatobility in the measurement of indentations, ing ‘A Rockwell testing machine shall automatically convert the depth measurement to a Rockwell hardness number. The measurement device shall therefore not be a separate manual part. 543 I & Knoop Hard \dentotion Me The measuring device maybe an integral part of the tester or o stand-clone instrument. To obtain maximum resolution, the measuring device should have Koehler illumination. To obtain moximum resolution, the measuring microscope should have adjustable illumination adjustable alignment aperture and field diaphragms. ensity, Magnifications should be provided so that the diagonal can be enlarged to greater than 25% but less than 75% of the field width. The device may be built with a single or multiple magnifying objectives.7 Fine tee DOBUMEN TSO DATE / REV. PAGE GE Oil & Gas VGS 8.7.1 Drilling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2018/18 5 of 28 Hardness test blocks must meet the requirements of ASTM E10 Annex-A4 or ISO 6506-3 for Brinell tests cond, ASTM E18 Annex-Aé or ISO 6508-3 for Rockwell testing Hardness test blocks shall not have rusty surface conditions that prevent accurate readings and should be stored properly to prevent rusting. Hardness test blocks shail not have punches on the sides or opposite side of the calibrated verification surface. 56 Fi -Clamps Portable, Chain Portable, Magnetic Base Type or a Rigid Fixed Frame may be used as long as the fixture used is safe and shows no flex and/or movernent while applying the load force. NOTE: When using special mounting fixtures as noted above, the hardness tester fixture used during the pre-inspection system verification process must be the same type fixture used during the component inspection. This requirement does not limit users of bench mounted hardness testers from switching between flat anvils for hardness verification to component appropriate anvils for testing (.e. switching from flat anvil for verification to a V-anvil for testing round stock). 6. CALIBRATION 6.1 System Calibration All equipment to be used for Brinell or Rockwell hardness testing of raw material or production parts shall be serviced, calibrated and certified a minimum of once per year. This calibration shall be performed in accordance with the indirect verification methods in ASTM E20 (ISO 6506 - 2] or ASTM E18 {ISO 6508 - 2) as applicable. A sticker shall be affixed to the hardness testing equipment with a minimum of the following information: identification number of the calibrated instrument and the next calibration due date. NOTE: if the testing machine is new, or when adjustments, modifications or repairs are made that could affect the application of the test forces or the measuring system or when a testing machine fails the indirect calibration, the machine will undergo a direct calibration per methods outlined in ASTM E10, ISO 6506 - 2 or ASTM E18, 1SO 6508 ~ 2 as applicable. 62 Doilly/Weekly System Verification 6.21 Dally System Verification (Brinell Hardness Testing} ‘System Verification shall be completed prior to daily use or, shift change, or in the case of a change of the test force or the indenter. The hardness test system shall be verified for accuracy using two (2) different certified test blocks meeting the requirements defined by ASTM 10 or ISO 6506 - 3. One test block shall have a hardness value Here representing the lower limit of the testing range and the other test block representing the higher limit of the testing range.‘rere Fe ivisig Fee DOCUMENTOS! DATE / REV. GE Oil & Gas: VGS 8.7.1 Drilling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2018/18 The indenter bail to be used for the daily verification shal be the some indenter ball used for the material testing. Make at least two (2} indentations on each of the daily verification test blocks {see ASTM E10 15.231. The indentations shall be distributed uniformly aver the surface of the test blocks. See also section 7 of this specification regarding the indentation spacing requirements. Determine the mean indentation diameter and the 8rinell hardness value {HW) for each indentation on each test block |see also section 7 of this specification) Determine the mean Hf of the Brinell hardness value for each test biock by using the following equation from ASTM E10, where n represents the number of Brineli hardness measurements: vist HD HO e ” Determine the error E in the performance of the testing machine for each certified test block that is measured according to ASTM E10: E=A-Heere #196) =100 x A ~ Heer Yy Determine the repeatability R as defined in ASTM E10 and ISO 6506-2: R=dmax 4, R (96) =100 x Smex—tmin Where d is the average mean diameter of a set of indentations and dni, fespectively dyyqy is the mean diameter of the largest measured diameter respectively the mean diameter of the smallest measured diameter. yee cnet Errore | Max PetmissbleRepeatobiy R _HBW < 250 #15 14 250 < HW S450 14 HBW > 450 Table 1 Maximum permissible error E and maximum permissible repeatabilty R for different hardness ranges, The values for the maximum permissible error & are more stringent than e.g, in ASTM E10, Table AL.2. The values for the ‘maximum permissible repeatability R where calculated for each hardness cange bosed on the volues provided in ASTM E10, Table X1.1 and equation 2 in ASTM E10 Based on the results for [96] and R(%l, the procedure as shown in Figure 2 shail be followed.free PRE Fe DOEUMENT=="" | DATET REV. PAGE GE Oil & Gas ves 87.1 Driling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2015/18 7 0f 28 Perform daily veri 6}. 0° R96] for oil test blocks within tolerance provided intable 17 Y= (Testing machine with >| indenter may be regarded as satisfactory 96] oF RIA] For ol ‘pet blocks within tolerances provided in table Testing machine with indenter mey be regarded os sotisfactory Figure 1 Flow chart for the daly verification according to ASTM E10 if the system daily verification fails, then perform an indirect verification on the indentation measuring device as follows. Verify the indentation measuring device by selecting two blocks {one at the high end of hardness to be measured and one block at the low end of the hardness to be measured] and read at least two of the certified indentations from each of the blocks. The readings must be within 0.5% of the certified indentation diameter values. tf the difference is larger than 0.5%, the indentation measuring device shall be directly verified according to ASTM E10 A1.3.3 or ISO 6506-2. IF the system fails the indirect verification, it shall be removed from service repaired and directly verified prior to returning to service. All readings taken after the last successful daily verification and prior to this failed indirect verification are suspect. A verification log or other reporting method shall be kept as evidence that the verification of the hardness test system was acceptable. The report shall contoin at least the verification date, the average of the measured hardness values of each test block, serial numbers & hardness values of the certified test blocks and the name of the inspector.7 Fine tee DOBUMEN TSO DATE / REV. PAGE GE Oil & Gas VGS 8.7.1 Drilling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2018/18 8 of 28 6.2.2 Dail Rockwell hardness testing equipment shall be verified prior to dolly use for each Rockwell scale that wil be used according to ASTM £18 using standardized test blocks that meet the requirements of ASTM E18 ‘Annex Adi or ISO 6508 ~ 3, The indenter to be used for the performance verification shall be the same indenter used for the material testing. Prior to making the verification check, make ot least two (2) preliminary indentations on a suitable test piece to ensure that the hardness testing machine is working freely and that the indenter and anvil are seated adequately. The results of these indentations need not be recorded. At least one test block shall be used, and the hardness range of the test block shall be chosen to be the hardness value Hcere that the testing machine is expected to measure. Alternatively, two test blocks may be used, one higher and one lower than the hardness range the testing machine is expected to measure, Make at least two {2} indentations on each of the daily verification test blocks. The indentations shall be distributed uniformly over the surface of the test blocks. See also section 7 of this specification regarding the indentation spacing requirements, Read the Rockwell hardness value IHR) for each indentation on each test block (see also section 7 of this specification} Determine the mean if of the Rockwell hardness value for each test block by using the following equation from ASTM E18, where n represents the number of Rockwell hardness measurements: Determine the error E in the performance of the testing machine for each certified test block that is measured according to ASTM E18: E=A-Heore Determine the repeatability R as defined in ASTM E18 and ISO 6508-2: R= Hmax ~Hmin Where Hypax is the highest hardness value measured on the test block and Hynin is the lowest hardness value measured on the test black Bosed on the results for E and R(96] the procedure as shown in Figure 2 shall be followed according to ASTM E18:DOCUMENTOS! DATE / REV. GE Oil & Gas: VGS 8.7.1 Drilling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2018/18 Max. Certified Hordness Block HR Permissible Max Permissible Repeatability R (ARBW<60 20 > 60 HRBW < 80 15 HRBW > 80 15 20 15 “10 Table 2 Maximum permissible error E and maximum permissible repeatability R for different hardness ronges according to ASTM E18, Table A1 3. Gererm dai veenise) Testing nese wh Sormintdoura> co | “aebeaeree << prose! en regarded os setstactoy, a Ne Repacteniyverteaten oven atrers nee i O Bserared amin Se iesitnentt [alan pevicetineaie? & regarded as eatefacoy) Lhe Figure 2 Flow chart for the dally verification according to ASTM E18 if the system daily verification fails, then perform an indirect verification as outlined in ASTM E18 section A149. if the system foils the indirect verification, it shal! be removed from service repaired and directly verified prior to returning to service. All readings taken after the last successful daily verification and prior to this failed indirect verification are suspect. A verification log or other reporting method shall be kept as evidence that the verification of the hardness test system was acceptable. The report shall contain at least the verification date, the average of the measured hardness values of each test block, serial numbers & the hardness values of the certified test blocks and the name of the inspector. The hardness tester shall be re-verified after any change of indenter or load / scale changes.DOCUMENTOS! DATE / REV. GE Oil & Gas: VGS 8.7.1 Drilling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2018/18 Weekly System: 0p Vi System Verification shall be completed prior to the first use of the week, or in the case of a change of the test force or the indenter. The hardness test system shall be verified for accuracy using two (2) different certified test blocks meeting the requirements defined by ASTM €384, One test block shail have a hardness volue Heere representing the lower limit of the testing range and the other test block representing the higher limit of the testing ronge The indenter to be used for the daily verification shalt be the same indenter ball used for the moterial testing. Moke at least three (3} indentations on each of the doily verification test blocks. The indentations shail be distributed uniformly over the surface of the test blocks. See also section 7 of this specification regarding the indentation spacing requirements, Determine the mean length of the long diagonal d for each certified test block by using the following equations, where nis the number of indentations: at dato dy Determine the error E in the performance of the testing machine for each certified test block that is measured according to ASTM £384: B= d= deere E(961= 100 x (HA) ora fag sanayrpes ne ve 0 eos pa sas Deseo 006 HX 350 BOSH 69 rary ee ols cae, orb sabwey¢ So E'S wa 205m OF Table 3 Maximum permissible error & and maximum permissible repeatability R for different hardness ranges coccording to ASTM E384, Table ALS, Based on the results for F{%] the procedure as shown in Figure 3 shall be followed according to ASTM E384.free PRE Fe DOEUMENT=="" | DATET REV. PAGE GE Oil & Gas ves 87.1 Driling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2015/18 11 of 28 ding machina indenter may be ragaided os 20 “Tecing machine indenter regoidad 9 sat efecto Figure 3 Flow chort for the weekly verification according to ASTM E384 if the system daily verification fails, then perform an indirect verification as outlined in ASTM £384 section ALS, If the system fails the indirect verification, it shall be removed from service repaired and directly verified prior to returning to service. All readings taken after the last successful daily verification and prior to this foiled indirect verification are suspect. ‘A verification log or other reporting method shall be kept as evidence that the verification of the hardness test system was acceptable. The report shall contain at least the verification date, the average of the measured hardness values of each test biock, serial numbers & the hardness values of the certified test blocks and the nome of the inspector The hardness tester shall be re-verified after any change of indenter or load / scale changes.* ree Fev DOEUMENT=S=" | DATET REV. PAGE GE Oil & Gas VGS 8.7.1 Dring & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL dune 2015 118 120128 7.1 Brinell Method The Srinell hardness method is an indentation hardness test where the indenter is brought into contact with the test specimen in a direction perpendicular to the surface and the test force (between and including 500 ond 3000 kg per the table 3 in ASTM €-10} is applied. The test force is held for a specified dwell time and then removed. The diameter of the indentation is measured in at least two directions perpendicular to each other. The Brinell hardness value is derived from the mean of the diameter measured and its relations of indenters and test forces used as defined within the Brinell hardness scales ASTM E10 encourages the use of one force load to cover all hardness ranges. The test must follow the values listed in Table 3 of ASTM E10 of which parts are shown below. [Brine | Ball Diameter [Force Nominal Value Recommended | | Hardness | DImm] Diameter of Test Force F | Hardness Range Scole | Ratio tkafl { HEW. | HEW 10/3000__| 10 30. 3000 [ 95.5 to 650 | HBW 10/1500 | 10 { 47.710 327 i 0/150 _ 7 (eae | HeWw'10/1000 | 10 {31810 218 | | Hewio/so0 [10 5 ___15.9 to 109 | NOTE: The Brinell hardness test is not recommended for materials above 650 HBW 10/3000. 7.2 Rockwell Method The Rockwell hardness method is an indentation hardness test where the indenter is brought into contact with the test specimen, and the preliminary test force is applied. After holding the preliminary test force for @ specified dwell time, the baseline depth of indentation is measured. The force on the indenter is increased at a controlled rate by the additional test force to achieve the total test force. The total test force is held for a specified dwell time. The additional test force is removed, returning to the preliminary test force. After holding the preliminary test force for a specified dwell time, the final depth of indentation is measured. The Rockwell hardness value is derived from the difference in the finol and baseline indentation depths while under the preliminary test force, The following table shows two common scales and the forces and indenters used for Rockwell hardness testing Preliminary Force | Total Force Rockwell Scal P q Rockwell Scale eae ‘han /int__| indenter Type THREW. 0798.07 00/9907 | 1.58 mm{i/16" diameter tungsten ball HRC 10/9807 150/ 1471 diamondDOCUMENTOS! DATE / REV. GE Oil & Gas: VGS 8.7.1 Drilling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2018/18 & Knoop Method The Vickers & the Knoop hardness method is an indentation hardness test where the indenter is brought into contact with the test specimen in a direction perpendicular to the surface and the test force is, applied. The test force is held for a specified dwell time and then removed. The length of the long diagonal (Knoop! or the length of both diagonals (Vickers) of the indentation is measured. The Knoop hardness value is derived from the length of the fong diagonal while the Vickers hardness value is derived from the length of both diagonals measured and its relations of indenters and test forces used as defined within the Knoop and Vickers hardness scales. The indentation shall be measured using the highest magnification available that allows the full indentation to be seen and measured in the field of view. To stay within the flot field of the objective, the indentation length should not exceed75% of the field width. Knoop and Vickers hardness testing is divided into micro and macro-test force ranges as follows Range, | Test Force P [N] | Test Force [gf] Micro 9.807 x 10"?

0 HV> 0 1 650 HV > 600 100 SHK = 250 100 = HV = 240 250 < HK = 650 240< HV = 600_ 500< P< 1000 7.4 Curved Surfaces When Brineli tests are performed on curved surfaces, the minimum radius of curvature of the surface shell be two and half times the diameter of the indenter ball. indentations made on curved surfaces may be slightly elliptical rather than circular in shape. The measurements of the indentation shall be taken as the mean of the major and minor axes7 Fine tee DOBUMEN TSO DATE / REV. PAGE GE Oil & Gas VGS 8.7.1 Drilling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2018/18 14 of 28 Users of the Knoop and Vickers test should be cautioned when interpreting or accepting results of tests made on spherical or cylindrical surfaces. Results will be affected even in the case of the Knoop test where the radius of curvature is in the direction of the short diagonal. Please refer to ASTM £384 regarding correction factors to be used for measurements on curved surfaces. 7.5 Material Thickness 75.1 Brinell Method The thickness of the material under test shall be at least ten times + the depth of the indentation. The table below shows the minimum thickness of the test specimen for Brinell testing with a 10 mm ball. Thickness limits other than those shown may be found in ASTM E10 Table 4. Diameter of indentation | Minimum Specimen Thickness Minimum Specimen [mnt i (am) Thickness fin} 24 15 0.058 | 26 17 0.068 | 28 20 0.079 | 30 23 0.091 | 3.2 26 0.104 | 34 3.0 0.117 | 36 34 0132 | 38 38 0.148 | 40 a2. 0.160 | 42 46 0.182 | 44 5.1 0.201 1 46 56 0221 | 48 61 0.242 | 50 67, 0.264 | 5.2 73 0.287 | 5.4 — 0.312 | 5.6 8.6 0.338 | 58 93 0.365 } When testing hollow cylinder type specimen piping}, the wall thickness shall be copable to withstond any flex or deformation. id 752 Re The thickness of the material under test shall be at least ten times the permanent indentation depth for cone indenters and fifteen times the permanent indentation depth for ball indenters, unless it can be demonstrated that the use of a thinner test piece does not affect the measured hardness value. The table ‘below contains excerpts from ASTM E18 Tables AS.1 and AS.2 1$0 6506-1 Stotes eight (6] times the depth of the indentation. When this specification is called out on the EPS, thickness limits of ASTM £10 shall be used.‘reves FELerSED FEVIBED B11 Stanley Droxetucki _REVILED ons 2015/05/00 15128150 VIED ou 2015/07/27 Context ivisig Sasi Fee ee DOCUMENTOS! DATE / REV. GE Oil & Gas: VGS 8.7.1 Drilling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2018/18 Minimum Thickness Guide for Diamond indenter inches Millimeters Hardness HRC “0.022 056 0.024 0.026 0.028 0.030 0.032 0.034 0.036. 0.038 0.040 | Minimum Thickness Guide for 1.588 mm (1/16"} Diameter Ball Indenter_ 1 Inches Millimeters Hardness HRC 0.024 0.61 94 0.026 0.66 87 0.028 ori 20 0.030. 0.76 a 0.032 0.81 62 0.084 086 52 0.036 091 40 0.96. 28 753 Knoop & Vickers Method The thickness of the specimen tested shall be such no bulge or other marking showing the effect of the test force appears on the side of the piece opposite the indentation. The thickness of the material under test should be at ieast ten times the depth of the indentation. This is also to be used as a guideline for minimum depth of ¢ coating on a material. 7.6 Support All parts to be tested or the measuring head shall be adequately supported to prevent any movement or deflection during application of the ioad force. 7.7 Temperature Hardness tests should be carried out at ambient temperature within the limits of 10 to 35°C (50 to 95°F NOTE: Users are coutioned that the temperature of the test material and the temperature of the hardness tester may affect the test results. Consequently, users shall ensure that the test ‘temperature does not adversely affect the hardness measurement.free PRE Fe DOEUMENT=="" | DATET REV. PAGE GE Oil & Gas ves 87.1 Driling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2015/18 160f 28 The indentation area shall be smooth, even and free from lubricants and foreign matter. When preparing the test area, enough material shall be removed to ensure that the test area is free from any surface contamination, which may influence the hardness test results. Such contamination may include decarburization, mill scale, oxide scale, etc. In some cases removing material at a depth of 3.0-3.3 mm (0.120 - 0.130 inch) may be necessary, but only if the finished part dimensions does not impair the fitness, form or functionality of the port in service. The surface on which the indentation is to be made shall be fited, ground or machined flat with cbrasive material so that the edge of the indentation can be clearly defined to permit the measurement of the diameter to the specified accuracy. Preparation shall be carried out in such a way that any olteration of the surface hardness of the test surface (for example, due to overheating or cold-working] is minimized Special care should be taken for relatively soft materials [<226 H8W, It is advised that these materials be prepared with 120 grit abrasive or finer, being mindful to not overheat or work harden the surface. indentations shall conform to Figure 4 for edge spacing and indentation to indentation spacing. | asav | | + <= ry || oa ee el Lee = =| |}— «4 3 | g | = oe °| HEE te L ae Figure 4 Edge spacing and indentation requirements for the Brinell & Rockwell method (left) and for the Knoop & Vickers method fright) NOTE: Hardness Testing shall not be performed on any seal surfaces NOTE: The flattened area to be prepared for hardness testing should be big enough to allow for multiple punches while meeting the spacing requirements specified above. 7.9 Averagin Averaging of a set of n hardness measurements is permissible as fong as the individual measurements were made in close proximity to each other. Averaging of measurements taken at opposite ends of a part or at 180deqrees away from each other is not permitted. The indentations of the individual measurements should share the same grind area.free PRE Fe DOEUMENT=="" | DATET REV. PAGE GE Oil & Gas ves 87.1 Driling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2015/18 170628 Averaging should be computed by using the arithmetic mean as defined in ASTM €10 and/or ASTM E18: Respectively: Averaging of Vickers or Knoop hardness values is not explicitly described in ASTM £384. For the purpose of consistency it is recommended to use the arithmetic mean as shown above also for Vickers and Knoop hardness values. 8. EVALUATION 8.1 Sequence Of Operations - Brinell Method 81.1 System Verification Visually inspect the hardness tester for oil leaks, loosened screws and instrument/fixture for damage and verify current calibration sticker is attached. Perform the daily system verification per paragraph 6.2 of this specification. ‘Assure the material under test conforms to the requirements of section 7 of this specification. 81.2 Indentation and Measurement Procedure: Stationary and Portable King Tester Bring the indenter into contact with the test surface ino direction perpendicular to the surface without shock of vibration. The angle between the indenter force-line and the surface of the specimen sholl be within 2 degrees of perpendicular in both the X and ¥ axis. Tighten the tester fixture in position with the pressure release valve opened. Tighten the King tester fixture until the piston has moved fully into the test head. The fixture shall be tightened to resist movement and flexure. Note: The Piston shall not extend out from the test head more than 4.76 mm (3/16" exceeded the test is void. (Cause: Test Fixture not tight) if this distance is Apply the test force within 2 to 8 seconds. Quicker force application times are permitted if it is demonstrated that test results are not affected Mointain the fully applied test force for 10 to 15 seconds (Dwell timel, At the end of the dwell time, immediately remove the test force without shock or vibrationfee Nee PRE Fe DOEUMENT=="" | DATET REV. PAGE GE Oil & Gas ves 87.1 Driling & Surface and Subsea Systems | GE CONFIDENTIAL June 2015/18 180f28 Portable Brinell testers/King Testers generally apply the force by means of a hydraulic cylinder equipped with both @ pressure gage and a spring forced relief valve. With this arrangement it is not possible to maintain the force at the point where the relief valve opens for any appreciable time. Therefore bring up the force three times to the point where the pressure is released ? Using @ manual Type A measuring device, measure the diameter of the indentation in two directions 90 degrees apart. Record the measurement in millimeters to the second decimal place (xx*). For automated Type A measuring devices the inspector should ensure to follow the instrument's operating manual e.g grind orientation, etc.) Note: The two measurements of an indentation made on a flat surface shail not differ more than 0.1 mm unless it is specified in the EPS, such as for anisotropic grain structure the difference can be 0.2 mm. if the diameter of the impression exceeds these requirements, the impression shall be voided and the process repeated. The indentation shall be measured using the following method. 1). Position the stationary “0” fine on the inside edge of the indentation. 2). Position the movable measuring line to the opposite edge on the inside of the indentation, 3) Verify that both measuring lines have maintained their position and they are both on the inside edge of the indentation. Record the scale measurement. Example of Using Movable Measuring Lines The mean of the two diameter measurements shall be used for the determination of the Brinell hardness number. Use the table X11 in ASTM E10 to convert the measurement recorded into a hardness vaiue. # oratt ISO 17918 Paragraph 5.4.4 states “Portable Brinell testers generally apply the force by means of a hydraulic cylinder equipped with both a pressure gage and a spring forced relief valve. With this arrangement itis not possible to maintain, the force at the point where the relief valve opens for any appreciable time. Therefore bring up the force several times to the point where the pressure is released. It has been determined that for steel, when testing with a HBW 10/3000, three times of force applications are equivalent to hoiding the force for 15 seconds os required in the standard method. The King Brinel! operating manual states “pump the operating lever slowly unt! the full pressure has popped off three or four times as shown on the gauge.