EO Supply Analysis – Tesco Dotcom Sites

Overview

We understand that Tesco have started to trial electric vans to determine if the current EVs meet their operational
and commercial requirements. As part of the trial Tesco’s Responsible Sourcing Team aim to develop a longer-term
plan around a switch to electric vehicles at a much larger scale. This switch will be necessary to meet Tesco’s
commitments to carbon reduction and climate change.

A key component of this fleet-electrification feasibility study is understanding the available electrical supply at the
CFCs, and subsequently what capacity is available for the charging infrastructure required to refuel the fleet of
electric vehicles. To help determine this, Tesco have requested that EO carry out a Supply Analysis of the relevant
sites to determine what charging infrastructure could be deployed on the existing electrical supplies, and how
many electric vehicles this infrastructure could support.

Data

Tesco provided EO with 12 months’ worth of weekly electricity consumption data for 7 individual meters across 6
Tesco Dotcom sites:

1. Enfield
2. Erith
3. Croydon
4. Aylesford
5. Crawley
6. Greenford

We are not certain which 12-month period the consumption data corresponds to; however, Tesco have informed
that it is representative of the current consumption figures.

Whilst there appears to be seasonal variations in the consumption at these sites, we have carried out the analysis
based on peak consumption for each site, as well as applying a safety margin of 10% to allow for further variations
that may occur following deployment of any EV charging infrastructure.

Two separate meters exist at the Croydon Dotcom site, one corresponding to the ‘Distribution Warehouse’ and the
other to the ‘Vehicle Maintenance Unit’. Both of these supplies have been considered separately in this analysis,
however the results may be combined to give an overall EV fleet capacity for the site.
Assumptions

Safety Margin 10%

Average Charging Efficiency 85%
Average Vehicle Daily Mileage 80 miles
Average Drivetrain Efficiency 1.7 miles/kWh
Return to Depot (plug-in time) 22:00
Depart from Depot (un-plug time) 07:00
Existing Electric Vans 0
kVA:kWh conversion factor 0.90

No data was provided for average daily mileage or average drivetrain efficiency, so we have used known figures
from similar existing electric fleets. Based on the assumed daily mileage and drivetrain efficiency, each vehicle
would require 47.1 kW to replenish their battery each time they plug-in. The provision of vehicle telematics data
would help us to refine these assumptions.

Analysis

The Available capacity at each Dotcom site varied considerably, the highest at over 2,300 kWh (Crawley) and the
lowest at 150 kWh (Croydon). For each site, we calculated the total number of vehicles that could be charged on
the available supply, with Active Load Management (ALM) as well as without it. EO’s ALM technology enables the
fleet to share the available supply across more vehicles simultaneously, which increases the total number of
vehicles that can be charged during each charging window without increasing the capacity of the supply.

The following table presents the results of the supply analysis:

Import Peak Available Capacity Maximum Maximum

Equivalent
Site Name Capacity Demand (after safety Vehicles Vehicles
kWh
(kVA) (kVA) margin) (with ALM) (without ALM)
ENFIELD DOT COM 2500.0 798.0 1622.2 1457 236 197
ERITH DOTCOM 1200.0 756.2 368.2 331 53 44
Croydon Dotcom Only 275.0 23.4 249.3 224 36 30
CROYDON DOTCOM 900.0 663.8 169.8 153 24 20
AYLESFORD DOTCOM 841.0 592.8 188.9 170 27 23
CRAWLEY DOTCOM 3000.0 387.4 2573.9 2312 375 314
GREENFORD DOT COM 1200.0 568.0 575.2 517 83 70
In the absence of information on how many electric vans Tesco would like to operate from each site, we thought it
would be useful to analyse the additional supply capacity (in kVA) required to accommodate a minimum of 100
electric vans at each site. We have done this for scenarios with and without ALM to demonstrate how important
this technology is to your infrastructure and operational costs. Please see the results of this analysis below:

Available Capacity Upgrade required Upgrade required ALM upgrade

Site Name (after safety to reach 100 Vans to reach 100 Vans saving
margin - kVA) (kVA - ALM) (kVA - no ALM) (kVA)

ENFIELD DOT COM 1622.2 0 0 NA

ERITH DOTCOM 368.2 289 536 247
Croydon Dotcom Only 249.3 394 649 255
CROYDON DOTCOM 169.8 467 718 251
AYLESFORD DOTCOM 188.9 449 701 252
CRAWLEY DOTCOM 2573.9 0 0 NA
GREENFORD DOT COM 575.2 104 355 251

Recommendations:

Each site has enough supply capacity to support a minimum of 20 electric vans, based on the assumptions. This
starts to increase substantially with ALM.

A 32A single-phase AC charging station can supply up to 7.36 kWh to the vehicles, it can provide up to 66 kW of
energy in the 9-hour dwell time. Therefore, there is little point in specifying 3-phase chargers, unless the vehicles
acquired conflict with the assumptions made in the analysis. For example, the vehicles are capable of charging 3-
phase, do greater daily mileage, and have a shorter dwell time.

To ensure continuity of supply and reliable vehicle charging, we recommend a one-to-one vehicle to charger ratio.
This removes the operational burden of plugging and unplugging vehicles during the charging window, and ensures
the fleet gets the most out of the ALM technology.
Summary:

It is important to reiterate that the analysis presented herein has been carried out based on a number of
assumptions regarding Tesco’s fleet operations. We recommend scheduling a meeting to determine the number of
vehicles Tesco require at each Dotcom site and enable us to develop a more comprehensive understanding of
Tesco’s proposed operations with an electric fleet. We will then revise our analysis and to reflect this deeper
understanding and determine the capital requirement to upgrade the supply capacity where it is needed. In
addition, should vehicle telematics and more up to date consumption data be available, we would incorporate this
into the revised analysis.

We trust the analysis meets your expectations, and we look forward to working with you to accelerate the
electrification of your Dotcom vehicle fleet. Should you have any questions regarding the analysis or wish to know
more about how EO’s intelligent fleet charging solutions can support your electrification plans please do not
hesitate to contact the undersigned. We look forward to hearing your feedback.

Sam Steele

Head of Funding at EO Charging