Name of Student: Grade Level & Section: X – TOPAZ & JADE

Teacher: TIFFANY JOY L. GAMBALAN Learning Area: MATHEMATICS 10

Grading Period: THIRD QUARTER SY 2020-2021
JAN 4 - 8, 2020 10J Mon-Sat 9:30-10:00
Dates and Time: MODULE NO. 3.1
10T Mon-Sat 10:30-11:00

LESSON TITLE: TANGENTS

LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
 Illustrates secants, tangents, segments, and sectors of a circle;
 Proves theorems on secants, tangents, and segments; and
 Solves problems on circles.
MINI -COMPETENCIES:
 Prove theorems related to tangents;
 Find the lengths of tangent segments; and
 Solve unknown values using theorems of tangents to circles

Exploration (AS)

Recall: In each triangle below, the length of one side is unknown. Determine the length of this
side.

Questions:
1. How did you find the missing side of each right triangle?
2. What mathematical concepts or principles did you apply to find each missing side?

Extension (S)
References:

TANGENT TO A CIRCLE

Definition
A line in the plane of the circle that intersects a circle at exactly one point is called tangent line. The point of intersection
of the line and the circle is called point of tangency.

Postulate on Tangent Line

At a given point on a line, one and only one line can be drawn that is tangent to the circle.

T o i l l u s t r a t e , c o n s i d e r ⊙ V o n t h e r i g h t . I f U i s a
through U that is tangent to the circle.

1
Theorems on Tangent Line

1) If a line is tangent to a circle, then it is perpendicular to the radius drawn to the

point of tangency.

´ is tangent to ⊙ Q at R, then what is m∠ BRQ ?

Example 1: If AB

´ is tangent to ⊙ Q at R, therefore the radius drawn to the point of tangency is perpendicular to

Solution: Since AB
´ . Therefore, m∠ BRQ=90 ˚ .
AB

´ is tangent to ⊙ Q at R, and m∠ ARQ=4 x+18 , then what is the value of x ?

Example 2: If AB

´ is tangent to ⊙ Q at R, therefore the radius drawn to the point of tangency is perpendicular to

Solution: Since AB
´
AB. Therefore,
m ≤ ARQ=90 °=4 x+18
90−18=4 x
72=4 x
72
=x
4
18=x

´ is tangent to ⊙ Q at R, if QR=11
Example 3: AB ´ cm and AR=60 cm , how far is point A from the center Q?

Solution: (Hint: Use Pythagorean theorem)

2) If a line is perpendicular to a radius of a circle at its endpoint that is on the

circle, then the line is tangent to the circle.

Example 4:
In the figure, TL=10 , TS=26 ,∧SL=24 . Show that SL is tangent to ⊙ T .

Solution:
´ at point L. Hence, TS2 must be equal to TL2+ SL2.
SL is tangent to ⊙T, if it is perpendicular to TL
TS2 =TL2 + SL2 ⟹ 262=102+ 242 ⟹676=676
Since,TS2 =TL2 + SL2,by the Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem, ∆ TLS is a right triangle with TL
´ CS
´ . By
´ must be tangent to ⊙ T .
Theorem 1, CS

3) If two segments from the same exterior point are tangent to a circle,
then the two segments are congruent.

Example 5: DW ´ are tangent to⊙ E from a common exterior

´ and GW
´ .
´ =10 cm , determine the length of GW
point W. If DW

´ are tangent to⊙ E from a common exterior point W, by Theorem 3 DW

´ and GW
Solution: Since DW ´ ≅ GW
´ .
Therefore, GW =10 cm .

Exercises (S)

2
 ´ is tangent to circle F at G∧∠ FGH=11 x +2, then what is the value of x ?
1. If HG

´ is tangent to circle F at G, the radius of circle F measures 5 cm and

2. If HG
GH´ =6 cm, then how far is point H from the center?

3. In ⊙F, ifGH =8 cm , FH =20 cm∧FG=4 cm, is GH

´ tangent to the circle atG ? Why or why not?

´ BD
4. In circle A, CD∧ ´ are tangents from an exterior point D.

a. If CD=17 cm , then BD=¿ ¿___¿¿ .

b. If CD=2 x+ 4∧BD=20 cm, what is the value of x ?

Practice & Application (AS)

A. Tangents are shown in each figure. If Q∧R are centers of the circles, find the value of x.

a.

b. .

c. .

d.

3
 ´ is tangent to circle R at W . Show your complete solution.
B. Given the figure below, determine if AV

REFERENCES:
E-Math10 by O. Oronce, Rex bookstore, 2015, pp. 182- 194;
Math Connections in the Digital World, Sibs Publishing House, 2015, pp. 176 – 201;
DepEd Teaching Guide for Math 10, Unit 2, pp. 183 - 185

Prepared by: Checked by: Approved by:

T. TIFFANY JOY L. GAMBALAN,LPT. T. LINALIE S. MCKENZIE ,LPT. EVELYN A. DE JUAN, Ed.D.,

CESO VI
Subject Teacher ADC - JHS School Principal