10

Arts
Quarter 1 - Module 1
Module Title

AIRs - LM
Arts 10
Quarter 1 - Module 1: Elements And Principles Of Art
First Edition, 2020

Copyright © 2020
La Union Schools Division
Region I

All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form
without written permission from the copyright owners.

Development Team of the Module

Author: DOMINIC S. MACASO

Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team

Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos, Jr., P II

Management Team:

ATTY. Donato D. Balderas, Jr.

Schools Division Superintendent

Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

German E. Flora, Ph.D, CID Chief

Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of LRMS

DELIA HUFALAR, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of MAPEH

Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II

Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II
 Arts 10
Quarter 1 - Module 1:
Elements and Principles of Art

MELC: analyzes art elements and principles in the production of work

following a specific art style from the various art movements A10EL-Ib-1

a. define the elements and principles of art

b. identify the elements and principles of art
c. use the elements and principles of art
d. distinguish the art elements and principles in the production
of work following a specific art style from the various art
movements
LET’S CHECK!

As a review, briefly define each of the following elements of art which you
have learned in your Art classes in the earlier grade levels.

a. Line - ______________________________________________________________

b. Shape - ____________________________________________________________

c. Form - _____________________________________________________________

d. Space - _____________________________________________________________

e. Color - ______________________________________________________________

f. Value - ______________________________________________________________

g. Texture-_____________________________________________________________

Now review the following principles of art which you have studied before.
Briefly describe each one.

a. Rhythm / Movement ________________________________________________

b. Balance _____________________________________________________________

c. Emphasis ___________________________________________________________

d. Harmony / Unity / Variety __________________________________________

e. Proportion __________________________________________________________

f. Pattern______________________________________________________________

g. Contrast ____________________________________________________________

1
 Target

Elements of art are stylistic features that are included within an art
piece to help the artist communicate. When analyzing these intentionally
utilized elements, the viewer is guided towards a deeper understanding of the
work.

The Principles Of Art (or the principles of design) are essentially a set of
criteria which are used to explain how the visual elements are arranged in a
work of art.

This module will provide you with information and activities that will
help you understand and analyze the different elements of art and the different
principle of art in the production of work following a specific art style from
the various art movements.

The elements of art include line, texture, shape, color, space, form and
value. The principles of art include Rhythm/Movement, Balance, Emphasis,
Harmony / Unity / Variety, Proportion, Pattern and Contrast

After going through this module, you are expected to:

analyze art elements and principles in the production of work following a

specific art style from the various art movements A10EL-Ib-1

a. define the elements and principles of art

b. identify the elements and principles of art
c. use the elements and principles of art
d. distinguish the art elements and principles in the production
of work following a specific art style from the various art
movements

2
 Jumpstart

For you to understand the lesson well, answer the pre- activities given below on a
separate sheet of paper.

ACTIVITY 1. NAME IT!

Direction: In the box are pictures showing the elements of art. Choose the
corresponding element to the given pictures below. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

LINE COLOR SHAPE VALUE FORM

TEXTURE SPACE

1. 2. 3.

4. 5.

6. 7. 8.

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 9. 10.

ACTIVITY 2: WHAT IS IT?

Direction: identify the principle of arts used in the following pictures below.
Choose your answer in the box. Write your answer on a separate
sheet.

Contrast Harmony/ Unity/ Variety Balance

Emphasis Proportion Rhythm/Movement Pattern

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

7. 8. 9.

10.

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ACTIVITY 3: MATCH THIS!

Direction: Match the following descriptions of elements of arts in Column A to

the Element being described in column B. Write your answers on a
separate sheet.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. A path created by a moving point, mark or object COLOR

2. A two-dimensional(2D), flat enclosed area LINE

3. Derived from reflected or absorbed light SHAPE

4. How something feels or looks like it would FORM

feel if you could touch it VALUE

5. Objects having three dimensions (3D) SPACE

height, width and depth TEXTURE

6. Emptiness or area around or within objects

7. The lightness or darkness of an object

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 Discover

ELEMENTS OF ART
LINE A mark made upon a
surface. In order to be a line,
the mark’s length must be
longer than its width. The
types may include vertical,
horizontal, curved, wavy,
diagonal and more.

SHAPE are enclosed lines. Areas are

enclosed space that are two-
dimensional (2D). it is flat
and can only have heaight
and width. There are two
categories which are:
Geometric shapes-are
mathematical like circles
and squares. and Organic
shapes- come from nature
like clouds and leaves .

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 SPACE deals with the illusion of
depth on a flat surface. You
might overlap shapes to
make some look closer, or
make objects in the distance
smaller to look like they are
farther away. The element of
space can be used in three-
dimensional art as well

VALUE refers to the lightness and

darkness of areas in an
artwork. White is the lightest
value and black is the
darkest. A value scale shows
a range of lights and darks

TEXTURE is distinguished by its

perceived visual and
physical properties. Use of
texture, along with other
elements of design, can
convey a variety of messages
and emotions. Use of rough
surfaces can be visually
active, whilst smooth
surfaces can be visually
restful. The use of both can
give a sense of personality to
a design, or utilized to create
emphasis, rhythm, contrast,
etc.

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FORM is a three-dimensional
version of a shape. It can be
viewed from different angles
and is not flat. It has height,
width and depth. It can be
hard-edged like a cube or
more free-flowing

COLOR Color is an element

consisting of hues, of which
there are three
properties: hue, chroma or
intensity, and value. Color is
present when light strikes
an object and it is reflected
back into the eye, a reaction
to a hue arising in the optic
nerve.

PRINCIPLES OF ART

Rhythm / Rhythm is created by the

Movement variety and repetition of
elements in a work of art that
come together to create a visual
tempo or beat.

MOVEMENT is the path the

viewer's eye takes through a
work of art. Movement can be
directed along lines, edges,
shapes and color.

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Balance Balance in Art refers to the use of
artistic elements such as line,
texture, color, and form in the
creation of artworks in a way that
renders visual stability. When
observed in general terms balance
refers to the equilibrium of different
elements. However, in art and
design, balance does not
necessarily imply a complete visual Symmetrical balance
or even physical equilibrium of
forms around a center of the
composition, but rather an
arrangement of forms that evokes
the sense of balance in viewers.
TYPES: asymmetrical balance,
symmetrical balance and radial
balance.

Asymmetrical balance

Radial Balance

Emphasis is a principle of art which refers

to the use of visual elements to
draw attention to a certain area,
usually a focal point, in an
artwork. There are many ways
you could go about using
emphasis in your art. Usually, it
involves contrasting different
elements against each other. For
example, a bright, red object will

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 stand out amongst a dull gray
background. Or a straight line
amongst curved lines. Or a
round object amongst circular
objects.

Harmony Harmony uses the elements

/ Unity / of art (color, line, shape, form,
Variety value, space, texture) as a
vehicle to create a sense of
togetherness amongst otherwise
separate parts. Unity in an
artwork creates a sense of
harmony and wholeness, by
using similar elements within
the composition and placing
them in a way that brings them
all together. Variety adds
interest by using contrasting
elements within the
composition.

Proportion is the principle of art that

refers to relative size. Most, if
not all of the principles of
art deal with how the
elements art are arranged in a
work of art. Proportion is
largely about the relationship of
the size of one element when
compared to another.

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Pattern is an element (or set of
elements) that is repeated in a
piece of work or an associated
set of works. Artists
use patterns as decoration, as a
technique of composition, or as
an entire piece of artwork.

Contrast is simply defined as difference.

Difference between art elements
like color, value, size, texture,
and so on can intensify the
elements used.

MODERN ART
Technological breakthroughs

From the Industrial Revolution of the late 1800s, the world zoomed into the Electronic
Age in the mid-1900s, then into the present Cyberspace Age. In just over 100 years,
humans went from hand-cranked telephones to hands-free mobile phones, from the
first automobiles to inter-planetary space vehicles, from local radio broadcasting to
international news coverage via satellite, from vaccinations against polio and smallpox
to laser surgery.

Social, political, and environmental changes

There has been migration across the globe, allowing different cultures,
languages, skills, and even physical characteristics of different races to intermingle
like never before. The 20th century also suffered through two World Wars, and several
regional wars in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. There was the Great Depression of
the 1930s, and the Asian economic crisis of the 1990s. Considered the modern-day
plague, AIDS has afflicted millions the world over, while millions more continue to live
in hunger, disease, and poverty. Environmental destruction has also become a major
concern.

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Effects on the world of art

The art movements of the late 19th century to the 20th century captured
and expressed all these and more. Specifically, these were the movements known as
impressionism and expressionism. While earlier periods of art had a quite set
conventions as to the style, technique, and treatment of their subjects, impressionists
and expressionists conveyed their ideas and feelings in bold, innovative ways. These
were the exciting precursors of the modern art of the 21st century.

Impressionism was an art movement that emerged in the second half of the
19th century among a group of Paris-based artists. The duration of the
impressionist movement itself was quite short, less than 20 years from 1872 to
the mid-1880s. But it had a tremendous impact and influence on the painting
styles that followed, such as neo-impressionism, post-impressionism,
fauvism, and cubism—and even the artistic styles and movements of today.
The name impressionism was coined from the title of a work by French painter
Claude Monet, Impression, soleil levant (in English, Impression, Sunrise).

Impression, Sunrise Claude Monet, 1872 Oil on canvas

The term precisely captured what this group of artists sought to represent in
their works: the viewer’s momentary “impression” of an image. It was not
intended to be clear or precise, but more like a fleeting fragment of reality
caught on canvas, sometimes in mid-motion, at other times awkwardly
positioned—just as it would be in real life.

The Influence of Delacroix

As with all emerging art movements, impressionism owed its

inspiration to earlier masters. One major influence was the work of French

12
painter Eugène Delacroix. Delacroix was greatly admired and emulated by the
early impressionists—specifically for his use of expressive brushstrokes, his
emphasis on movement rather than on clarity of form, and most of all his
study of the optical effects of color.

The painting is loosely based on a fictional scene from Dante’s Inferno,

showing Dante and the poet Virgil crossing hell’s River Styx, while tormented
souls struggle to climb aboard their boat. It is the drops of water running down
the bodies of these doomed souls (see enlarged detail below) that are painted in
a manner almost never used in Delacroix’s time.

When studied closely, it is seen that four different, unmixed

pigments—yellow, green, red, and white—create the image of each drop and its
shadow. Viewed from a little distance, these colors blend to represent
individual drops glistening with light. The distinct colors merge in the eye of

13
the viewer to appear monochromatic (single-colored) or, in this case of water
droplets, colorless. In short, an impression is formed.

Putting this and similar principles into wider practice, future painters would
carry French art into one of its richest periods: impressionism.

Impressionism: A Break from Past Painting Traditions

There were several areas in which impressionist artists moved away
from the established practices of art at that time. These involved their use of
color, choice of subject matter and setting, and technique for capturing light
and conveying movement.

Color and Light

The painting conventions and techniques of earlier art periods were

very much concerned with line, form, and composition. In contrast, the
impressionists painted with freely brushed colors that conveyed more of a
visual effect than a detailed rendering of the subject. They used short “broken”
strokes that were intentionally made visible to the viewer. They also often
placed pure unmixed colors side by side, rather than blended smoothly or
shaded. The result was a feeling of energy and intensity, as the colors appeared
to shift and move—again, just as they do in reality.

“Everyday” Subjects

Impressionists also began to break away from the creation of formally

posed portraits and grandiose depictions of mythical, literary, historical, or
religious subjects. They ventured into capturing scenes of life around them,
household objects, landscapes and seascapes, houses, cafes, and buildings.
They presented ordinary people seemingly caught off-guard doing everyday
tasks, at work or at leisure, or doing nothing at all. And they were not made to
look beautiful or lifelike, as body parts could be distorted and facial features
merely suggested by a few strokes of the brush.

Painting Outdoors

The location in which the impressionists painted was also different.

Previously, still lifes, portraits, and landscapes were usually painted inside a

14
studio. However, the impressionists found that they could best capture the
ever-changing effects of light on color by painting outdoors in natural light.
This gave their works a freshness and immediacy that was quite a change from
the stiffer, heavier, more planned paintings of earlier masters.

Open Composition

Impressionist painting also moved away from the formal, structured

approach to placing and positioning their subjects. They experimented with
unusual visual angles, sizes of objects that appeared out of proportion, off-
center placement, and empty spaces on the canvas.

15
 Explore

ACTIVITY 1: TELL ME WHAT YOU SEE

DIRECTION: Identify the ELEMENTS of art present in the picture below. write
your answer on a separate sheet.

16
Activity 2: Tell me the Truth!

Directions: The following is a picture of an artwork painted by Paul Cezanne

entitled “Still Life with Compotier”. Identify the principles used in
the painting. Use a separate sheet for your answer.

Activity 3: 2 in 1!

Directions: The following is a picture of an artwork painted by an Post-

Impressionist painter Vincent Van Gogh entitled “Starry Night”.
Identify the ELEMENTS and PRINCIPLES used in the painting.
Explain how each element and principles were applied in the
painting.Use a separate sheet for your answer.

17
 Deepen

Activity 1: CHOOSERAH!

What you need

Short Bond Paper, Pencil, Crayon (optional), Ruler (optional)

What to do

1.Choose ONE (1) ELEMENT of arts

2. Create an artwork applying the ELEMENT you’ve chosen.

3. Use Bond Paper as your canvass.

Activity 2: CHOOSE KA ULIT BES!

What you need

Short Bond Paper, Pencil, Crayon (optional), Ruler (optional)

What to do

1.Choose ONE (1) PRINCIPLE of arts

2. Create an artwork applying the element you’ve chosen.

3. Use Bond Paper as your canvass

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 Gauge

POST TEST

Directions: Read each item carefully. Use a separate sheet of paper for your
answers. Write only the letter of the best answer for each item.

1. Which principle of art refers to the use of visual elements to draw attention
to a certain area?
A. Emphasis B. Harmony C. Proportion D. Variety

2. What element of art is being described by roughness and smoothness of the

visual impact of an artwork?
A. Form B. Shape C. Space D. Texture

3. What is created by the variety and repetition of elements in a work

of art that come together to create a visual tempo or beat?
A. Balance B. Emphasis C. Harmony D. Rhythm

4. What element of arts is flat and can only have height and width?
A. Color B. Line C. Shape D. Texture

5. Which principle of arts refers to the use of artistic elements such as line,
texture, color, and form in the creation of artworks in a way that renders
visual stability?
A. Balance B. Emphasis C. Harmony D. Rhythm

6. What principles of arts is largely about the relationship of the size of one
element when compared to another?
A. Emphasis B. Harmony C. Proportion D. Variety

7. What was the art movement that emerged among a group of Paris-based
artists?
A. Expressionism C. Fauvism
B. Impressionism D. Neodadaism

8. Who’s work is The Barque of Dante?

A. Claude Monet C. Henri Mattisse
B. Eugene Delacroix D. Vincent Van Gogh

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9. Where do the impressionists could best capture the ever-changing effects of
light on color ?
A. At home B. Inside a studio C. Forest D. outdoor

10. What are the four different, unmixed pigments used in the “Barque of
Dante that create the image of each drop and shadow?
A. blue, green, red, and yellow C. pink ,orange, red, and violet
B. green, red, and white D. yellow, green, red, and white

11. What Element of art are these: vertical, horizontal, curved, wavy?
A. Color B. Line C. Shape D. Texture

12. What principles of art adds interest by using contrasting elements within
the composition?
A. Contrast B. Harmony C. Pattern D. Variety

13. What principle of art uses similar elements within the composition and
placing them in a way that brings them all together?
A. Harmony B. Pattern C. Unity D. Variety

14. Which Element of art is two-dimensional(2D) and flat enclosed area?

A. Color B. Line C. Shape D. Texture

15. Which of the following choices is NOT a type of Elements of art : Balance?
A. Asymmetrical B. Beam C. Radial D. Symmetrical

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Answer Key

21
References
BOOKS

HORIZONS Music and Arts Appreciation for young Filipinos Grade 10 Learner’s
Material, by Raul M. Sunico,Phd Piano Performance, Doctor of Humanities
H.C. , Evelyn F. Cabanban, Doctor of Humane Letters H. C. Melissa Y. Moran

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https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.pinimg.com%2Foriginals%2F7c%2F18%2Fff%2F7c18ff93
2bd78fb1de5593d311abfc1a.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pinterest.com%2Fpin%2F114841859226447006%
2F&tbnid=7IVZdm_v9CQvOM&vet=12ahUKEwj2qLu_8NHrAhUwEqYKHVdlB8IQMygBegUIARC8AQ..i&docid=NQ7RbZu
uLelTJM&w=736&h=738&q=principles%20of%20art&hl=en-
GB&ved=2ahUKEwj2qLu_8NHrAhUwEqYKHVdlB8IQMygBegUIARC8AQ

https://www.google.com/search?q=principles+of+art&tbm=isch&hl=en-
GB&chips=q:principles+of+art,g_1:rhythm:gcPv_4TX3tM%3D,g_1:movement:SU_DdJ6aRe4%3D&hl=en-
GB&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj2qLu_8NHrAhUwEqYKHVdlB8IQ4lYoAHoECAEQFw&biw=1349&bih=657#imgrc=95FBvAN3
VB_gRM

https://www.google.com/search?q=primary+colors&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjOydLJ8NHrAhVFdpQKHexpDuAQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=primary&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgQIABBDMgcIABCxAxBDMgcIABCxAxBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDM
gUIABCxAzIFCAAQsQMyBQgAELEDMgUIABCxAzIFCAAQsQM6BAgjECc6AggAOgcIIxDqAhAnUI6dAlizwAJgwdYCaAJwA
HgEgAGDAogBzRGSAQYwLjExLjKYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ7ABCsABAQ&sclient=img&ei=MXJTX47tIcXs0QTs0
7mADg&bih=657&biw=1349&hl=en-GB&hl=en-GB#imgrc=BxreKmN_To31wM

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https://www.google.com/search?q=secondary+colors&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjOydLJ8NHrAhVFdpQKHexpDuAQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=seco&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgcIABCxAxBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgUIABCxAzIICAAQsQMQgwEy
BQgAELEDMgUIABCxAzIICAAQsQMQgwEyAggAMgUIABCxAzoECCMQJzoHCCMQ6gIQJ1CPGliOL2CXQGgBcAB4BIAB
5gGIAa0NkgEGMC4xMS4xmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWewAQrAAQE&sclient=img&ei=MXJTX47tIcXs0QTs07mAD
g&bih=657&biw=1349&hl=en-GB&hl=en-GB#imgrc=qTX2noCOkCtODM

https://www.google.com/search?q=unity+principle+of+design+example&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj2qfbu8NHrAhVEyIs
BHYPPC8IQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=unity+principl&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgCMggIABCxAxCDATICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADIC
CAAyAggAMgIIADoECCMQJzoFCAAQsQM6BAgAEEM6BwgAELEDEENQkoAFWP-
bBWD7pwVoAHAAeACAAfcCiAHsFZIBBzAuOS4zLjKYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=f3JTX7b
uLMSQr7wPg5-vkAw&bih=657&biw=1349&hl=en-GB&hl=en-GB#imgrc=9ftzm7FEEc8n6M

https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fgraphicdesignfundamentals.com%2Fwp-
content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F08%2FContrast-Example-
01.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fgraphicdesignfundamentals.com%2Fcontrast-principles-
design%2F&tbnid=RoJ3X1UJ5jmD7M&vet=12ahUKEwjBrf-
p8dHrAhV8zYsBHTAtAaEQMygIegUIARCwAQ..i&docid=ERKvfUiO7JUbdM&w=620&h=465&q=contrast%20princi
ple%20of%20design%20example&hl=en-GB&ved=2ahUKEwjBrf-p8dHrAhV8zYsBHTAtAaEQMygIegUIARCwAQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cD39UWKfhZE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Con-UORKeg4

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