INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LAW

TOPIC: A STUDY ON EMERGING TRENDS OF E-COMMERCE IN INDIA.

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

MR. AAYUSH RAJ KRITIKA THAKUR

1120181916

BBA LLB(6th Sem)

INTRODUCTION

E-Commerce stands for digital trade. Dealing in items and offerings via the digital media and net
is referred to as as E-trade. E-Commerce or E-commercial enterprise entails wearing on a
commercial enterprise with the assist of the net and with the aid of using the use of the statistics
era like Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). E-Commerce pertains to the internet site of the
vendor, who sells services or products without delay to the purchaser from the portal the use of a
virtual purchasing cart or virtual purchasing basket device and permits price via credit score
card, debit card or digital fund switch payments. E-Commerce is the motion of commercial
enterprise onto the World Wide Web (WWW). E-Commerce allows new sorts of statistics
primarily based totally commercial enterprise methods for accomplishing and interacting with
clients. It also can lessen charges in handling orders and interacting with a huge variety of
providers and buying and selling partners. For growing nations like India, E-Commerce gives
considerable opportunities. Electronic trade or E-Commerce refers to a huge variety of on-line
commercial enterprise sports for merchandise and offerings. It additionally pertains to “any
shape of commercial enterprise transaction wherein the events engage electronically as a
substitute than with the aid of using bodily exchanges or direct bodily contact.” E-Commerce is
the usage of digital communications and virtual statistics processing era in commercial enterprise
transactions to create, remodel and redefine relationships for price introduction among or
amongst corporations and among corporations and individuals. Today E-trade in Indian society
has end up an essential a part of normal life. Accessibility to E-trade structures isn't always a
privilege however as a substitute a need for maximum people, specifically withinside the city
areas. Today the quantity of net customers withinside the international is near to a few billion,
out of this; India has a complete of 259.14 million net and broadband subscribers. This
penetration of net coupled with the growing self belief of the net customers to buy on line. This
results in an substantial boom withinside the E-trade space, with an growing quantity of clients
registering on E-trade web sites and buying merchandise via the usage of mobile phones. India is
in a top role for the boom and improvement of the E-trade sector. As in step with the document,
the compound annual boom fees withinside the mature E-trade markets of Japan, South Korea
and Australia will run 11% to 12% over the following few years. In the swiftly developing
markets of China and India, those boom fees may be 25% and 57% respectively. The document
additionally highlights the speedy boom of Ecommerce markets in neighboring China where, the
compound annual boom fees of over 20% will take the marketplace to over $ 350 billion. A
document with the aid of using the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IMAI) has
discovered that India’s E-trade marketplace anticipated to develop with the aid of using 37% to
attain U.S. Dollar 20 billion with the aid of using 2015.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. To have a look at the idea of E-commerce.

2. To examine the present developments of E-commerce in India.
3. To have a look at the various demanding situations confronted through E-enterprise
gamers in India.
4. To have a look at the potentialities of E-commerce in India.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

The article entitled “Emerging Trends of E-trade in India: Some Crucial Issues Prospects and
Challenges”. In this newsletter an try is made to offer a photo of the evolution of E-trade
commercial enterprise indicating the chronological order, class of E-trade commercial enterprise,
description of groups worried in E-commercial enterprise in India. The examine discovered that,
the function of presidency need to be to offer a criminal framework for E-trade so that even as
home and global exchange are allowed to increase their horizons, primary rights inclusive of
privacy, highbrow property, prevention of fraud, purchaser safety and so on are all taken care of.
CONCEPT OF E-COMMERCE IN INDIA

1. Multi Product E-Commerce:

Some net portals offer nearly all classes of products and offerings in a unmarried web website
online; they're targeting clients of each viable product or provider. Indian E-Commerce portals
offer items and offerings in a sort of classes like clothing and add-ons for guys and women,
fitness and splendor products, books and magazines, computer systems and peripherals,
automobiles, collectibles, software program, client electronics, household appliances, jewelry,
audio/video amusement items, present articles, actual property and offerings, commercial
enterprise and opportunities, employment, journey tickets, matrimony etc. Examples:
www.indiayplaza.com, www.thebestofindia.com, www.khoj.com, www.sify.com,
www.rediff.com, www.indiatimes.com etc.

2. Single Product E-Commerce:

Some Indian portals / web sites deal in a specialised field. Examples: In automobiles, the portals
are http://www.indiacar.com and http://www.automatindia.com, on those webweb sites we can
purchase and promote for wheelers and wheelers new in addition to vintage automobiles on line.
Some of the offerings they offer are vehicle studies and reviews, on line evaluation, technical
specifications, automobile coverage, automobile finance, provider locator etc.

o In inventory and stocks markets a number of the webweb sites are

http://www.equitymaster.com, http://www.5paisa.com. Some of the offerings presented
to registered contributors are on line shopping for or dealing of shares and share,
marketplace evaluation and studies, employer facts, evaluation of companies, studies on
fairness and mutual funds, monitoring marketplace traits etc.
o In actual property, the portals like http://www.indiaproperties.com. This internet site
facilitate on line dealing in actual property, they provide outright buy or rent of a assets
via their portal. They additionally offer facts on new homes in addition to for resale.
Some of the allied offerings are housing finance, coverage companies’ architects and
indoors designers, assets control representative offerings etc.
o In journey and tourism enterprise a first-rate authorities of India portal is
http://www.tourismindia.com. The traveller vacation spot webweb sites are classified
consistent with the topics like eco-topics relates to jungles, flowers and fauna, seashores
of India, architectural attractions, forts and places, hill resorts, adventure-trekking,
mountaineering etc. Other offerings presented are passport and visa, journey and
accommodation facts, climate facts, competition and honest dates, shopping, excursion
operators etc. There are different webweb sites like http://www.incredibleindia.org, it
 spotlight the traveller locations of a selected location in India, which covers North East
India.
o In present objects, there are particular Indian web sites making the act of gifting short and
smooth to healthy ones lifestyle. One such web website online is
http://www.indiangiftsportal.com. The presents are classified as collectibles like artwork
and sculptures, toys and games, chocolates, flowers, wood-craft and metallic craft,
luxurious objects like leather-based items perfumes, jeweler containers etc.
o In case of interests, the maximum famous interests from time immemorial are analyzing
books, list song and looking films. On the Indian internet site
http://www.firstandsecond.com, one can purchase greater than 3,00,000 titles of books,
cassettes, VCDs and DVDs. The books cowl a huge variety of subjects which include
commercial enterprise, art, cookery, engineering, children’s stories, fitness, drug
treatments etc. For song and videos, they're to be had in English and different Indian
languages to cater to the wishes of public and the subjects variety from devotional songs,
vintage time favorites and dad etc.
o In case of matrimony, marriage portal like http://www.jeevansathi.com and
http://www.saadi.com. There is a saying, marriages are made in heaven, however
withinside the international of E-commerce, they're made on marriage portals. On those
web sites one could look for a appropriate suit with the aid of using location of residence,
faith or caste. Once registered with those portals, they've e mail facility and chat rooms,
in order that the couple receives to know greater approximately every different earlier
than making the choice in their lives. Other offerings for registered individuals are
astrological offerings, facts on customs and rituals, prison issues, fitness and splendor etc.
o In case of employment, main portals like www.monsterindia.com and www.naukri.com
are instrumental in imparting task seekers with appropriate employment facility. The
provider for task seekers is free and for employment they price a nominal fee. Jobs are to
be had on line in fields, starting from secretarial to software program improvement and
from actual property to education.

TYPES OF E-COMMERCE

The most important unique sorts of E-trade are as follows;

1. Business to Business (B2B): Business to Business E-trade refers to the whole spectrum of
E- trade which could arise among companies B2B E-trade consists of buying and
procurement, supplier management, stock management, channel management, income
sports, fee management, and carrier and support. A few B2B pioneers are Chemdex
 (www.chemdex.com), Fastparts (www.fastparts.com) and Free Markets
(www.freemarkets.com)
2. Business to Consumer (B2C): Business to Consumer E-trade refers to exchanges among
Business and Consumer. Direct dealing among Business and Consumer has continually
existed, however with the Ecommerce such transactions have received similarly
momentum.
 Traditional B2C version: Manufacturer Retailer Consumer
 On line B2C version: Manufacturer / Retailer Consumer
Examples: Amazon.com, Yahoo.com and Schwab.com. Similar sports transactions that
arise in commercial enterprise to commercial enterprise, E-trade additionally take vicinity
withinside the commercial enterprise to patron context. However, all client going through
sports are commonly tracked. These consist of income sports, patron search, carrier and
support.
3. Consumer to Consumer (C2C): Consumer to Consumers entails transactions among and
among clients. These exchanges can also additionally or might not consist of 0.33
birthday birthday celebration involvement. Traditionally clients have had dealings with
different clients, however best few of these sports had been in a industrial sense.
Ecommerce has made it feasible to deliver collectively strangers and offering a platform
for them to alternate on.
4. Consumer to Business (C2B): Consumer to Business is distinctly a brand new version of
trade and is a opposite of the conventional trade models. Here, clients offer offerings or
items to corporations and create fee for the commercial enterprise. Consumers can band
collectively to shape and gift themselves as a customer group to corporations in a patron
to commercial enterprise relationship. These agencies can be economically encouraged as
with the call for aggregator. This kind of transaction may be visible in net boards wherein
clients offer product improvement thoughts and product review; those are used for
product advertisement.
5. Business to Business to Consumer (B2B2C): A version of the B2B2C version in which
there's an extra middleman commercial enterprise to help the primary commercial
enterprise transact with the cease patron. Here, it is poised to a good deal higher in an
internet primarily based totally trade with decreased charges of getting an middleman.
Example: Flipkart is one of the maximum a hit E-trade portals which give a platform for
clients to buy a unique sort of merchandise like digital items, apparels, books and track
CDs.
FUNCTIONS OF E-COMMERCE

1. Communication characteristic Aimed on the transport of records and/or files to facilitate

commercial enterprise transactions. Example: E-Mail.
2. Process control characteristic Covers the automation and enhancements of commercial
enterprise processes. Example: networking computer systems together.
3. Service control characteristic Application of era to enhance the great of provider.
Example: Federal Express internet site to music shipments and schedule.
4. Transaction competencies Provides the cap potential to buy/promote at the net or a few
different on line services. Example: Amazon.com.

EVOLUTION OF E-COMMERCE

Electronic commerce

Tele Shopping

Mail Order Cataloging

Street Vendors

Monetary Transactions

Barter Process
CHALLENGES OF E-COMMERCE

I. EXTERNAL CHALLENGES:

External forces effect how E-trade businesses plan their increase approach and offer seamless
consumer revel in onsite and submit transaction

 Product and Market Strategy:

E-trade businesses should deal with problems bearing on swiftly evolving consumer segments
and product portfolios get admission to records on marketplace intelligence on increase, length
and proportion manipulate a couple of consumer engagement systems attention on enlargement
into new geographies, manufacturers and merchandise and concurrently tackle a
hypercompetitive pricing environment.

 Customer and Digital Experience:

Companies should offer a rich, sparkling and easy consumer revel in now no longer geared in the
direction of discovery, manipulate inconsistent logo revel in throughout systems; manipulate
proliferation of technologies; and deal with time to marketplace strain for brand spanking new
applications. In the latest past, social media has emerge as extra influential than paid marketing.

 Payments and Transactions:

E-trade businesses can also additionally face problems round protection and privateness breach
and controlling fictitious transactions. Further, RBI regulations for pay as you go devices or E-
Wallets act as impediments. From a transactions angle move border tax and regulatory problems
and backend provider tax and withholding tax can have extreme implications.

 Fulfillment:

Companies will want to test if the bodily infrastructure receives laid low with the net speed. Also
the dearth of an incorporated give up to give up logistics platform and innovation centered
success choice ought to purpose transport problems. Challenges round opposite logistics control
and 1/3 celebration logistics interactions may also act as obstacles to increase.

II. INTERNAL CHALLENGES:

Internal forces effect how E-trade businesses can arrange to power and preserve increase.

 Organization Scaling:

E-trade businesses will should ensure employer layout maintains tempo with the swiftly evolving
commercial enterprise approach, together with fluid governance, robust management and control
development. From a increase angle, indentifying acquisition opportunities, fund elevating and
IPO readiness turns into necessary. From a era angle, it's miles essential to convert IT as an
innovation hub and deal with the dearth of synergy among commercial enterprise, era and
operations features of the enterprise.

 Tax and Regulatory Structuring:

Companies will want to deal with problems round sub choicest warehouse tax making plans
imbalance among FDI norms vis-à-vis ok entity controls, inefficient preserving IPR or entity
shape and worldwide tax inefficiencies. Future demanding situations encompass the brand new
businesses act, coverage on associated celebration transaction pricing and the uncertainty round
GST roadmap.

 Risk Fraud and Cyber Security

From a danger angle E-trade businesses ought to face problems round logo danger, insider
threats and internet site uptime. Issues round worker supplier nexus, bribery and corruption make
businesses at risk of fines. Cyber protection additionally increases a few issues round internet
site exploitation through outside entities.

 Compliance Framework:

E-trade businesses should observe numerous laws, a lot of that are nevertheless evolving.
Potential problems round cyber regulation compliance, inefficient anti corruption framework,
prison publicity in agreements or arrangements, oblique and direct tax compliance framework
and guidelines and policies ought to pose problems. Uncertainty round VAT implications in
distinctive states because of odd commercial enterprise modes ought to purpose problems.

FINDINGS OF THE STUDY

1. In the sector of E-trade, the life of the wholesalers is on the finest hazard due to the fact the
manufacturer can without difficulty forget about them and promote their merchandise to the
shops and the customers. Wholesalers can take the gain of E-trade in establishing contracts with
reputed manufacturers and linking their enterprise with the net.

2. The store can store his life through linking his enterprise with the net distribution. The store
can offer additional records approximately numerous matters to the customers, meet digital
orders and be in contact with the customers all of the time. Therefore, E-trade is a superb
opportunity.
3. Producers can take the blessings of E-trade through linking themselves with the net, through
giving records approximately their merchandise to the alternative hyperlinks withinside the
enterprise chain and through having a emblem identity.

4. As extra humans are becoming connected with E-trade, the call for for centre supplying net
facility is likewise increasing. Hence, the individuals who want to take gain of it is able to set up
cyber and feature their benefits.

5. E-trade offers the numerous sorts of possibilities to the Wholesalers, Retailers, Producers and
the People. Retailers meet digital orders and must be in contact with the customers all of the
time.

6. People are privy to the supply of numerous merchandise withinside the markets via the help

SUGGESTIONS

1. An in-intensity know-how of the criminal regime and the feasible troubles that an E-
trade enterprise could face coupled with powerful hazard control techniques has been the
want of the hour for of E-trade agencies to thrive on this industry.
2. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) troubles in E-trade transactions have taken a brand new
shape with customers locating loop holes to now no longer simplest effortlessly replica
fabric however additionally misinform different customers. Hence, lots greater IPR is
wishes to correctly alter tangled web.
3. The improvement of tutorial requirements has enabled a super call for withinside the
market.
4. The effective impact of numerous social media gear like Facebook lets in clients to
prepare their favored gadgets and phase it into them and collections to percentage with
others.
5. With the growth in small and medium enterprises, overseas direct investment,
multinational companies, growing hundreds of thousands new jobs, a brand new era of
worldwide minded clients. With developing process possibilities, clients are willingly
capable of pay for the goods on-line.
6. The internet site for on-line purchasing need to be in comprehensible language. The
language need to be saved easy whilst making the websites.
CONCLUSION

Today E trade has end up an essential a part of ordinary life. Accessibility to E-trade platform
isn't always a privilege however rather a need for people, mainly peoples who're staying in city
areas. Due to rapid adoption of net enabled gadgets like Smartphone and Tablets, we've got
visible an remarkable boom in E- trade. The telecommunication era has completely modified the
manner of our living, conversation methods, purchasing etc. It has a big effect on how we talk
with friends and family how we travel, how we get admission to the facts and the manner we
purchase or promote merchandise and services. The boom of Ecommerce volumes in India is
attracting the eye of gamers across the globe.
REFERENCES

1. Muhammad Awais and Tanzila Samin “Advances SWOT Analysis of E-commerce”,

International Journal of Computer Science Issues, 2012.
2. Bhavya Malhotra “E-Business: Issues and Challenges in Indian Perspective”, Global
Journal of Business Management and Information Technology, 2014.
3. Tryambak Hiwarkar “E-commerce impact on Indian Market: A Survey on social impact”,
International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering and Technology,
2013.
4. Dr. Anukrati Sharma “A study on E-commerce and Online Shopping: Issues and
Influences”, International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET),
2013