PANAS YANG DIBUTUHKAN

Q = m.∫Cp dT

t1 = 66.1274 C 339.2774
t2 = 300 C 573.1500
tavg = 183.0637 C 456.2137

Komponen A B C D
HCl 29.2240 -0.0013 1.1210E-06 4.9676E-09
CH3Cl 27.3850 0.026036 1.0320E-04 -1.0890E-07
CH2Cl2 26.6940 0.083984 8.9172E-06 -5.0924E-08

Beban kerja HE = 1650814.9292 kJ/jam

>> BM CAMPURAN
Komponen BM yi BM*yi
HCl 36.4610 0.0008 0.0276
CH3Cl 50.4880 0.9979 50.3844
CH2Cl2 84.9310 0.0013 0.1099
50.5220

VISKOSITAS

μ = A + BT + CT2 (mikropoise)

FLUIDA DINGIN
tavg = 458.1350 K
Komponen A B C µ
HCl -9.1180 0.5550 -1.1100E-04 221.8494
CH3Cl -1.3740 0.3863 -4.8650E-05 165.3788
CH2Cl2 -20.3720 0.4375 -7.7549E-05 163.7626

log μ = A + B/T + CT + DT^2

Komponen A B C D
H2O -10.2158 1792.5 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-06

TAVG = 542.0945 K

Komponen A B C D
H2O -10.2158 1792.5 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-06
KAPASITAS PANAS

Cp = A + BT + CT2 + DT3 + ET4

FLUIDA DINGIN
tavg 458.1350 K
Komponen A B C D
HCl 29.2240 -0.00126 1.1210E-06 4.9676E-09
CH3Cl 27.385 0.026036 1.03E-04 -1.09E-07
CH2Cl2 26.694 0.083984 8.97E-06 -5.09E-08

KONDUKTIVITAS PANAS

k = A + BT + CT2 W/m.K

FLUIDA DINGIN
tavg 458.1350 K
Komponen A B C k
HCl 0.00119 4.4775E-05 2.0997E-10 0.0217
CH3Cl -0.00185 2.0206E-05 7.3234E-08 0.0228
CH2Cl2 -0.00122 1.8440E-05 3.5385E-08 0.0147

DENSITAS

ρ = P x BM gr/l
RxT
P = 3.0000 atm
R = 0.0821 l.atm/mol.K

FLUIDA DINGIN
tavg 458.1350 K
Komponen ρ ( gr/liter) ρ * yi
HCl 2.9081 2.9081
CH3Cl 4.0269 4.0269
CH2Cl2 6.7741 6.7741
13.7091
13.7091 kg/m3
 43.2369 lb/ft3

MENCARI SUHU KELUAR HE-03 FLUIDA PANAS : GAS OUT REAKTOR

T1 = 337.1971 C 610.3471
T2 = 200.6918 C 473.8418
TAVG = 268.9445 C 542.0945

Kapasitas panas (Cp)

Cp = A + BT + CT2 + DT3 + ET4
Cp = J/mol.K
T= K
Komponen A B C D
HCl 29.224 -0.00126 1.12E-06 4.97E-09
Cl2 27.213 0.030426 -3.34E-05 1.60E-08
CH3Cl 27.385 0.026036 1.03E-04 -1.09E-07
CH2Cl2 26.694 0.083984 8.97E-06 -5.09E-08
CHCl3 24.003 0.1893 -1.84E-04 6.66E-08
CCl4 19.816 0.33311 -5.05E-04 3.41E-07

Viskositas Gas (μ)

μ = A + BT + CT2
m = cP
T =K
Komponen A B C µ
HCl -9.118 -5.55E-01 -1.11E-04 -0.0343
Cl2 -3.57E+00 4.87E-01 -8.53E-05 0.0235
CH3Cl -1.374 3.86E-01 -4.87E-05 0.0194
CH2Cl2 -20.372 4.37E-01 -7.75E-05 0.0194
CHCl3 -4.3915 0.3731 -5.1696E-05 0.0183
CCl4 -7.7453 0.3948 -1.1150E-04 0.0174

Konduktivitas Panas Gas (k)

k = A + BT + CT2
Komponen A B C k
HCl 0.00119 4.47750E-05 2.09970E-10 0.0255
Cl2 -0.00194 3.83000E-05 -6.35230E-09 0.0170
CH3Cl -0.0019 2.0206E-05 7.3234E-08 0.0306
CH2Cl2 -0.0012 1.8440E-05 3.5385E-08 0.0192
CHCl3 -0.0002 2.2269E-05 1.2257E-09 0.0122
CCl4 -0.0007 2.2065E-05 6.7913E-09 0.0133

DENSITAS CAIRAN (ρ)

ρ = A*(B^[-(1-T/Tc)n])
gram/cm3
Komponen A B Tc n
HCl 0.44134 0.26957 324.65 0.3187
Cl2 0.566 0.27315 417.15 0.2883
CH3Cl 0.35821 0.26109 416.25 0.2869
CH2Cl2 0.45965 0.25678 510 0.2902
CHCl3 0.48907 0.25274 536.4 0.28766
CCl4 0.56607 0.27663 556.35 0.29

Q = m.cP.dT
Q = 14168.2138108179 x 0.8536 x
Q= 1650814.9292 kJ/jam

Q1-Q2 = 0.000 kJ/jam

K
K
K

E ∫Cp dT (J/mol) massa (kg/jam) m (mol/jam)

-2.4963E-12 6844.9443 3.7628 103.2007
3.1642E-11 12101.6942 6873.4178 136139.6332
1.8726E-11 14656.9577 14.9986 176.5933
6892.1792 136419.4272

yi µ*yi
0.0008 0.1678
0.9979 165.0396
0.0013 0.2120
165.4194 mP
0.0165 cP

log µ µ
1.5544 35.8449 cP
86.7123 lb/ft.hr

log µ µ
2.3310 214.2749 cP
 518.3525 lb/ft.hr

E Cp ( kJ/kmol.K ) Cp*yi
-2.4963E-12 29.2497 0.0221
3.16E-11 51.8958 51.7894
1.87E-11 62.9816 0.0815
144.1272 51.8931 kJ/kmol.K
1.0271 kJ/kg.K
0.2476 BTU/lb.F

k*yi
1.6452E-05
2.2731E-02
1.8971E-05
2.2767E-02 W/m.K
0.0132 BTU/lb.F
REAKTOR

K 638.9548 F
K 393.2452 F
K 516.1000 F

E Cp BM yi
-2.50E-12 29.4462 36.461 0.4309
-2.70E-12 36.2156 70.906 0.0000
3.16E-11 57.2104 50.488 0.2700
1.87E-11 68.3630 84.933 0.1866
83.1549 119.378 0.0971
-8.42E-11 98.9396 153.823 0.0154
1.0000

yi/µi
-12.5765
0.0000
13.9366
9.6219
5.3161
0.8869
17.1851
0.0582 cP
0.1408 lb/ft.hr

yi.ki
0.0110
0.0000
0.0083
 0.0036
0.0012
0.0002
0.0242 W/m.K
0.0140 Btu/hr.ft.oF

ρ ρ.yi
0.3336 0.1437
0.5060 0.0000
0.3188 0.0861
0.4484 0.0837
0.4870 0.0473
0.5715 0.0088
0.3696 gr/cm3
369.5994 kg/m3
23.0733 lb/ft3

136.5054
 Cp pd tavg
Q (J/jam) Cp (J/mol.K) yi Cp*yi Q
706402.9343 29.2460 0.0008 0.0221 3018.2107
1647520205.5106 51.7725 0.9979 51.6663 7048286.8139
2588320.7469 62.8404 0.0013 0.0813 11097.2003
1650814929.1918 1.0000 51.7698 7062402.2249
Cp.yi BM.yi
12.6875 15.7100
0.0000 0.0000
15.4460 13.6311
12.7596 15.8523
8.0752 11.5928
1.5226 2.3672
50.4908 J.molK 59.1533
0.8536 J/grK
0.2039 Btu/lb.oF
 PER

Kode : HE 03
Fungsi : Memanaskan campuran Metil Klorida untuk umpan reaktor
Tujuan : 1. Menentukan tipe heater
2. Memilih bahan konstruksi
3. Menentukan spesifikasi heater

Data - data :
a. Fluida Panas (Gas Out Reaktor)
Suhu masuk (T1)
Suhu keluar (T2)
TAVG
Laju Alir massa (W)
Laju Alir molar (n)

b. Fluida dingin ( CH3Cl )

Suhu masuk (t1)
Suhu keluar (t2)
Suhu rata-rata (tavg)
Tekanan
Kapasitas panas (Cp) fluida dingin pd tavg

Laju alir massa pendingin

Beban panas HE

1. Menentukan Tipe Heater

Tipe heater yang dipilih :
Pertimbangannya :
1.
2.

2. Memilih Bahan Kontruksi

Bahan untuk outer pipe :
Alasan :

Bahan untuk inner pipe :

Alasan :
3. Menentukan Spesifikasi HE
a.

b.

c.

d.
 ( Annulus, Fluida Dingin,Gas campuran FD-02 +

a. Menghitung Flow Area

D2 =
D1 =
Aa =
=
Equivalen diam, De =
=

b. Menghitung Mass Velocity

Ga =
=

=
V=

c. Mencari Bilangan Reynold

tavg =
μ=
=
De =
Rea =
=

d. L/D =
=
jH =

e. Mencari ho
Cp =
k=

ho =
g. Mencari clean overall corfficient (Uc)
Uc

h. Mencari design overall corfficient (Ud)

1
Ud

Ud

i. Mencari jumlah hairpin

Q

L
Dari Branan p.44 Double pipe biasanya mempunyai panjang ukuran 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24
Akan dipakai pipe dgn panjang =
Sehingga dipakai koneksi =

j. Koreksi harga Ud dan Rd

Panjang total dibutuhkan sebenarnya (L') =
Luas area dibutuhkan sebenarnya (A') =
=

Ud' =

Rd' =
=

PRESSURE DROP
( Annulus, Fluida Dingin,Gas campuran

1. Mencari faktor friksi (f)

Diameter equivalen (De') =
De' =
 Rea' =
=

f=

ρcamp =

2. Mencari ∆Pa
∆Pa =
ΔFa =

Ga =
Δfa =
Ft =
V=

g=
maka :
Ft =
∆Pa =
 PERANCANGAN HE-03

untuk umpan reaktor

INNER PIPE
= 337.1971 oC
= 200.6918 oC
= 268.9445 oC
= 14168.2138 kg/jam
= 239.5169 kmol/jam

ANNULUS
= 66.1274 oC
= 300.0000 oC
= 183.0637 oC
= 3.0000 atm
= 51.7698 J/mol.K
= 51.7698 kJ/kmol.K
= 6892.1792 kg/jam
= 6.8922 ton/jam
= 1650814.9291918 kJ/jam

Double Pipe Heat Exchanger

Konstruksinya sederhana
Mempunyai area transfer kurang dari 200 ft2 (Coulson Vol. 6, page 640)

Stainless Steel SS 304

1. Paling umum digunakan
2. Mudah dalam fabrikasi
3. Dapat menahan suhu hingga 861 C

Stainless Steel SS 304

1. Paling umum digunakan
2. Mudah dalam fabrikasi
 3. Dapat menahan suhu hingga 861 C

Penentuan ΔT LMTD
Hot Fluid (F) Cold Fluid (F)
638.9548 (T1) Higher (t2) 572.0000
393.2452 (T2) Lower (t1) 151.0293
245.7097 Diff. 420.9707
Untuk aliran counter current
= Δt2
∆TLMTD
Ln

= 242.2159
∆TLMTD
Ln

= 136.3039

Cek penentuan tipe heater

Penentuan Harga Ud Awal
Untuk fluida panas adalah light organics dan fluida dingin adalah light organics
Ud = 40 - 75 Btu/ft2.F.hr (Tabel 8, Kern p. 840)
diambil harga Ud = 70 Btu/ft2.F.hr

Penentuan Luas Perpindahan Panas Awal

A = Q / ( Ud * ΔT LMTD )
= 1563864.0860
70 *
= 163.9052 ft 2

Memilih Spesifikasi Tube

Tabel 6.1, Kern p. 103 : Standard ukuran double pipe HE
Dari data Tabel 11, Kern p. 844
** Pipa luar
IPS =
OD =
SN =
ID ( D2 ) =
flow area/pipe =
External surface =
Annulus, Fluida Dingin,Gas campuran FD-02 + MD-01)

4.026 in = 0.3355
3.5 in = 0.2917
π*(D22-D12)/4 (Kern, p. 111)
0.0216 ft 2

(D2 -D1 )/D1

2 2

0.0943 ft

W / Aa (Pers. 7.2, Kern p. 138)

15194.4983 lb/jam
0.0216 ft2
704091.7264 lb / ft2.jam
4.5153 fps

456.2137 K
0.0165 cp
0.0399 lb/ ft . hr
0.0943 ft
De * Ga / visc
1661252.0540

16 ft / 0.0943
169.7537
1000 (Fig.24, Kern p. 834)

0.2474 Btu/lb.F
0.0131 Btu/ft.F

120.7711 Btu/hr.ft2 F
 = ( hio * ho ) / ( hio + ho )
= 51.6873 Btu/hr.ft2 F

1
= +
Uc
1
= +
51.6873
= 0.0213
= 46.8448 Btu/hr.ft2 F

= Ud*A*∆t
Q
= =
Ud*∆t
= 244.92305 ft2

A
= =
external surface
a mempunyai panjang ukuran 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 ft
16 ft, sehingga dibutuhkan pipe sebanyak =
9 hairpin

288 ft
L' * Ao
264.0960 ft2
Q
=
A' * ∆TLMTD 264.096
43.4439 Btu/hr.ft F
2

(Uc - Ud')/(Uc*Ud')
0.00367 Rd OK

PRESSURE DROP
( Annulus, Fluida Dingin,Gas campuran FD-02 + MD-01)

(D2 - D1)
0.0438 ft
 De' * Ga / µ
772572.7065

0.0035 + 0.264
(Rea')0,42
0.0044

43.3153 lbm/ft3

(ΔFa+Ft)*ρ/144
4 .f .Ga2 . L' / (2.g .ρ2.De')

704091.7264 lb/ft2.j
1.1340 ft
3(V2/2g')
G/(3600*ρ)
4.5153 ft/s
32.2 ft/s2 = 417312000

0.9497 ft
0.6268 psi

( Annulus, Fluida Dingin,Gas campuran FD-02 + MD-01)

120.7711

0.6268
2
Hairpin
Panjang (L) =
Jumlah Hairpin =

Resum
Kode : HE 03
Fungsi : Memanaskan campuran Metil Klorida untuk umpan reaktor
 Tipe : Stainless Steel SS 304
Spesifikasi :
> Panas yang dibutuhkan =
> Luas Tr. Panas =
> Panjang =
> Hairpin =
> Jumlah Hairpin =
> Outer pipe
* Fluida
* Tekanan
* Suhu
* Kapasitas
* Material
> inner pipe
* Fluida
* Tekanan
* Suhu
* Kapasitas
* Material
 610.3471 K 638.9548 oF
473.8418 K 393.2452 oF
516.1000 F
o
542.0945 K
31235.2442 lb/jam

339.2774 K 151.0293 oF
573.1500 K 572 oF
456.2137 K 361.5146 oF
303.9750 kPa

1.0247 kJ/kg.K
15194.4982646775 lb/hr

1563864.0860 BTU/jam

. 6, page 640)

(MSDS SS 304)
 (MSDS SS 304)

Diff.
66.9548 Δt1
242.2159 Δt2
175.2611

- Δt1
Δt2 610.3471
Δt1
573.1500
- 66.9548
242.2159
66.9548
o
F

60
136.3039

** Pipa dalam
4 IPS
4.5 in OD
40 SN
4.026 in ID ( D1 )
12.7 in2 flow area/pipe
1.178 ft /ft
2
External surface (A
 ( Inner Pipe, Fluida Panas, Dowther
*Laju alir yang besar ditempatkan di inner pipe (Kern, p. 113)
a. Menghitung Flow Area
ft D= 3.068 in
ft = 0.256 ft
Ap = (π*D2)/4
= 3.14 *

= 0.0513 ft2

b. Menghitung Mass Velocity

ern p. 138) Gp = w / Ap
= 31235 lb/jam
0.0513 ft2
= 608733.2580 lb / ft2.jam
V= 3.7458 fps

c. Mencari Bilangan Reynold

μ= 0.1399 cp
= 0.3383 lb/ ft . hr

ID = 3.068 in =
Ret = D * Gt / µ
= 459979.2153

d. L/D = 16 ft /
= 62.5815
ft jh = 900

e. Mencari hi

Cp = 0.6155 Btu/lb.oF
k= 0.0476 Btu / hr .ft.F
μ= 0.3383 lb/ ft . hr

(Cp*μ / k)1/3 = 1.6353

(μ / μ w) =
-0,14
4.0266
maka, hi = 367.9406 Btu/hr.ft2 F
f. Mencari hio
hio = hi*ID/OD
= 322.5262
 (Kern , Tabel 12)
(Pers. 6.7, Kern p. 112) Rd untuk di tube
Rd untuk di shell
Diambil Rd

(Kern, p. 114)
Rd

0.0020

1563864.0860 Btu/hr
46.8448 Btu/hr.ft2 F x 136.3039 °F

267.09 ft

18 buah

1563864.0860 Btu/hr
ft 2
x 136.3039 °F

( Inner

1. Mencari faktor friksi (f)

(Pers. 6.4, Kern, p. 105) untuk Ret = D * Gt / µ

f= 0.0035

= 0.0046
 ρ= 45.1424

(Pers. 3.47b, Kern p. 53) 2. Mencari ∆Pp

∆Pp = ∆Fp.ρ/144
∆Fp = 4.f.Gp2.L'/(2.g'.ρ2.D)
= 0.1404

∆Pp = 0.0440

ft/jam

KESIMPULAN

n FD-02 + MD-01) ( Inner Pipe, Fluida Panas

h outside
120.7711 322.5262
Btu/hr.ft2F
Uc = 51.6873 Btu/hr.ft2 F
Ud = 43.4439 Btu/hr.ft2 F
Rd perancangan = 0.0037 hr.ft2.F/Btu
Rd dibutuhkan = 0.0020 hr.ft2.F/Btu
psi ΔP perhitungan 0.0440 psi
psi ΔP diijinkan 10 psi

16 ft
9

Resume

k umpan reaktor
 1563864.0860 Btu/jam = 1650814.9292 kJ/jam
264.10 ft 2
= 24.5353 m2
16 ft = 4.8768 m
4 x 3 in hairpin SN 40
9

= Fluida Dingin,Gas campuran FD-02 + MD-01

= 44.1 psi = 3.0
= 66.1274 oC ----- 300
= 15194.4983 lbm./jam = 6892.1792
= Stainless Steel SS 304

= Fluida Panas, Dowtherm A

= 44.1 psi = 3.0
= 337.1971 oC ----- 200.6918
= 31235 lbm./jam = 14168
= Stainless Steel SS 304
 473.8418

339.2774

= 3
= 3.5
= 40
= 3.068
= 7.38
= 0.917
Fluida Panas, Dowtherm A )

0.256 ^2
4

0.2557 ft

0.2557 ft

(Fig.24, Kern p. 834)

(Pers. 6.15a, Kern p. 111)

(Pers. 6.5, Kern p. 111)

= 0.001
= 0.001
= 0.002

PRESSURE DROP
( Inner Pipe, Fluida Panas, Dowtherm A )

= 459979.2153
+ 0.264
(D.G/μ)0,42
 lbm/ft3

'/(2.g'.ρ2.D)
ft

psi

ner Pipe, Fluida Panas, Dowtherm A )

atm
o
C
kg/jam

atm
o
C
kg/jam
in

in
in2
ft2/ft
(Pers. 3.47b, Kern p. 53)
 PER

Kode : HE 03
Fungsi : Memanaskan campuran Metil Klorida untuk umpan reaktor
Tujuan : 1. Menentukan tipe heater
2. Memilih bahan konstruksi
3. Menentukan spesifikasi heater

Data - data :
a. Fluida Panas (Dowtherm A)
Suhu masuk (T1)
Suhu keluar (T2)
TAVG
Laju Alir massa (W)
Laju Alir molar (n)

b. Fluida dingin ( CH3Cl )

Suhu masuk (t1)
Suhu keluar (t2)
Suhu rata-rata (tavg)
Tekanan
Kapasitas panas (Cp) fluida dingin pd tavg

Laju alir massa pendingin

Beban panas HE

1. Menentukan Tipe Heater

Tipe heater yang dipilih :
Pertimbangannya :
1.
2.

2. Memilih Bahan Kontruksi

Bahan untuk outer pipe :
Alasan :

Bahan untuk inner pipe :

Alasan :
3. Menentukan Spesifikasi HE
a.

b.

c.

d.
 ( Annulus, Fluida Dingin,Gas campuran FD-02 + MD-01) →

a. Menghitung Flow Area

D2 =
D1 =
Aa =
=
Equivalen diam, De =
=

b. Menghitung Mass Velocity

Ga =
=

=
V=

c. Mencari Bilangan Reynold

tavg =
μ=
=
De =
Rea =
=

d. L/D =
=
jH =

e. Mencari ho
Cp =
k=

ho =
g. Mencari clean overall corfficient (Uc)
Uc

h. Mencari design overall corfficient (Ud)

1
Ud

Ud

i. Mencari jumlah hairpin

Q

L
Dari Branan p.44 Double pipe biasanya mempunyai panjang ukuran 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24
Akan dipakai pipe dgn panjang =
Sehingga dipakai koneksi =

j. Koreksi harga Ud dan Rd

Panjang total dibutuhkan sebenarnya (L') =
Luas area dibutuhkan sebenarnya (A') =
=

Ud' =

Rd' =
=

PRESSURE DROP
( Annulus, Fluida Dingin,Gas campuran FD-02 + M

1. Mencari faktor friksi (f)

Diameter equivalen (De') =
De' =
 Rea' =
=

f=

ρcamp =

2. Mencari ∆Pa
∆Pa =
ΔFa =

Ga =
Δfa =
Ft =
V=

g=
maka :
Ft =
∆Pa =
 PERANCANGAN HE-03

untuk umpan reaktor

INNER PIPE
= 183.9324 oC
= 153.4597 oC
= 168.6960 oC
= 26820.9665 kg/jam
= 161.5721 kmol/jam

ANNULUS
= 69.9701 oC
= 300.0000 oC
= 184.9850 oC
= 3.0000 atm
= 51.8931 J/mol.K
= 51.8931 kJ/kmol.K
= 6892.1792 kg/jam
= 6.8922 ton/jam
= 1627546.16504377 kJ/jam

Double Pipe Heat Exchanger

Konstruksinya sederhana
Mempunyai area transfer kurang dari 200 ft2 (Coulson Vol. 6, page 640)

Stainless Steel SS 304

1. Paling umum digunakan
2. Mudah dalam fabrikasi
3. Dapat menahan suhu hingga 861 C

Stainless Steel SS 304

1. Paling umum digunakan
2. Mudah dalam fabrikasi
 3. Dapat menahan suhu hingga 861 C

Penentuan ΔT LMTD
Hot Fluid (F) Cold Fluid (F)
363.0783 (T1) Higher (t2) 572.0000
308.2274 (T2) Lower (t1) 157.9461
54.8509 Diff. 414.0539
Untuk aliran counter current
= Δt2
∆TLMTD
Ln

= 150.2812
∆TLMTD
Ln

= 177.9944

Cek penentuan tipe heater

Penentuan Harga Ud Awal
Untuk fluida panas adalah light organics dan fluida dingin adalah light organics
Ud = 40 - 75 Btu/ft2.F.hr (Tabel 8, Kern p. 840)
diambil harga Ud = 70 Btu/ft2.F.hr

Penentuan Luas Perpindahan Panas Awal

A = Q / ( Ud * ΔT LMTD )
= 1541820.9218
70 *
= 123.7455 ft 2

Memilih Spesifikasi Tube

Tabel 6.1, Kern p. 103 : Standard ukuran double pipe HE
Dari data Tabel 11, Kern p. 844
** Pipa luar
IPS =
OD =
SN =
ID ( D2 ) =
flow area/pipe =
External surface =
luida Dingin,Gas campuran FD-02 + MD-01) → 6918.7747 kg/jam

4.026 in = 0.3355
3.5 in = 0.2917
π*(D22-D12)/4 (Kern, p. 111)
0.0216 ft 2

(D2 -D1 )/D1

2 2

0.0943 ft

W / Aa (Pers. 7.2, Kern p. 138)

15194.4983 lb/jam
0.0216 ft2
704091.7264 lb / ft2.jam
4.5153 fps

458.1350 K
0.0165 cp
0.0399 lb/ ft . hr
0.0943 ft
De * Ga / visc
1661252.0540

12 ft / 0.0943
127.3153
2100 (Fig.24, Kern p. 834)

0.2474 Btu/lb.F
0.0131 Btu/ft.F

253.6193 Btu/hr.ft2 F
 = ( hio * ho ) / ( hio + ho )
= 101.3634 Btu/hr.ft2 F

1
= +
Uc
1
= +
101.3634
= 0.0119
= 84.2780 Btu/hr.ft2 F

= Ud*A*∆t
Q
= =
Ud*∆t
= 102.78110 ft2

A
= =
external surface
a mempunyai panjang ukuran 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 ft
12 ft, sehingga dibutuhkan pipe sebanyak =
5 hairpin

120 ft
L' * Ao
110.0400 ft2
Q
=
A' * ∆TLMTD 110.04
78.7185 Btu/hr.ft F
2

(Uc - Ud')/(Uc*Ud')
0.00284 Rd OK

PRESSURE DROP
nnulus, Fluida Dingin,Gas campuran FD-02 + MD-01) → 6918.7747 kg/jam

(D2 - D1)
0.0438 ft
 De' * Ga / µ
772572.7065

0.0035 + 0.264
(Rea')0,42
0.0044

43.3153 lbm/ft3

(ΔFa+Ft)*ρ/144
4 .f .Ga2 . L' / (2.g .ρ2.De')

704091.7264 lb/ft2.j
0.4725 ft
3(V2/2g')
G/(3600*ρ)
4.5153 ft/s
32.2 ft/s2 = 417312000

0.9497 ft
0.4278 psi

( Annulus, Fluida Dingin,Gas campuran FD-02 + MD-01) → 6918.7747 kg/jam

253.6193

0.4278
2
Hairpin
Panjang (L) =
Jumlah Hairpin =

Resum
Kode : HE 03
Fungsi : Memanaskan campuran Metil Klorida untuk umpan reaktor
 Tipe : Stainless Steel SS 304
Spesifikasi :
> Panas yang dibutuhkan =
> Luas Tr. Panas =
> Panjang =
> Hairpin =
> Jumlah Hairpin =
> Outer pipe
* Fluida
* Tekanan
* Suhu
* Kapasitas
* Material
> inner pipe
* Fluida
* Tekanan
* Suhu
* Kapasitas
* Material
 457.0824 K 363.0783 oF
426.6097 K 308.2274 oF
335.6529 F
o
441.8460 K
59129.5028 lb/jam

343.1201 K 157.9461 oF
573.1500 K 572 oF
458.1350 K 364.9731 oF
303.9750 kPa

1.0271 kJ/kg.K
15194.4982646775 lb/hr

1541820.9218 BTU/jam

. 6, page 640)

(MSDS SS 304)
 (MSDS SS 304)

Diff.
208.9217 Δt1
150.2812 Δt2
-359.2029

- Δt1
Δt2 457.0824
Δt1
573.1500
- 208.9217
150.2812
208.9217
o
F

18
177.9944

** Pipa dalam
4 IPS
4.5 in OD
40 SN
4.026 in ID ( D1 )
12.7 in2 flow area/pipe
1.178 ft /ft
2
External surface (A
 ( Inner Pipe, Fluida Panas, Dowtherm A ) →
*Laju alir yang besar ditempatkan di inner pipe (Kern, p. 113)
a. Menghitung Flow Area
ft D= 3.068 in
ft = 0.256 ft
Ap = (π*D2)/4
= 3.14 *

= 0.0513 ft2

b. Menghitung Mass Velocity

ern p. 138) Gp = w / Ap
= 59130 lb/jam
0.0513 ft2
= 1152355.1625 lb / ft2.jam
V= 7.0909 fps

c. Mencari Bilangan Reynold

μ= 0.1399 cp
= 0.3383 lb/ ft . hr

ID = 3.068 in =
Ret = D * Gt / µ
= 870758.1135

d. L/D = 12 ft /
= 46.9361
ft jh = 1500

e. Mencari hi

Cp = 0.6155 Btu/lb.oF
k= 0.0476 Btu / hr .ft.F
μ= 0.3383 lb/ ft . hr

(Cp*μ / k)1/3 = 1.6353

(μ / μ w) -0,14
= 4.0266
maka, hi = 613.2343 Btu/hr.ft2 F
f. Mencari hio
hio = hi*ID/OD
= 537.5437
 (Kern , Tabel 12)
(Pers. 6.7, Kern p. 112) Rd untuk di tube
Rd untuk di shell
Diambil Rd

(Kern, p. 114)
Rd

0.0020

1541820.9218 Btu/hr
84.2780 Btu/hr.ft2 F x 177.9944 °F

112.08 ft

10 buah

1541820.9218 Btu/hr
ft 2
x 177.9944 °F

( Inner Pipe, Flu

1. Mencari faktor friksi (f)

(Pers. 6.4, Kern, p. 105) untuk Ret = D * Gt / µ

f= 0.0035

= 0.0043
 ρ= 45.1424

(Pers. 3.47b, Kern p. 53) 2. Mencari ∆Pp

∆Pp = ∆Fp.ρ/144
∆Fp = 4.f.Gp2.L'/(2.g'.ρ2.D)
= 0.1978

∆Pp = 0.0620

ft/jam

KESIMPULAN

MD-01) → 6918.7747 kg/jam ( Inner Pipe, Fluida Panas, Dowthe

h outside
253.6193 537.5437
Btu/hr.ft2F
Uc = 101.3634 Btu/hr.ft2 F
Ud = 78.7185 Btu/hr.ft2 F
Rd perancangan = 0.0028 hr.ft2.F/Btu
Rd dibutuhkan = 0.0020 hr.ft2.F/Btu
psi ΔP perhitungan 0.0620 psi
psi ΔP diijinkan 10 psi

12 ft
5

Resume

k umpan reaktor
 1541820.9218 Btu/jam = 1627546.1650 kJ/jam
110.04 ft 2
= 10.2231 m2
12 ft = 3.6576 m
4 x 3 in hairpin SN 40
5

= Fluida Dingin,Gas campuran FD-02 + MD-01

= 44.1 psi = 3.0
= 69.9701 oC ----- 300
= 15194.4983 lbm./jam = 6892.1792
= Stainless Steel SS 304

= Fluida Panas, Dowtherm A

= 44.1 psi = 3.0
= 183.9324 oC ----- 153.4597
= 59130 lbm./jam = 26821
= Stainless Steel SS 304
 426.6097

343.1201

= 3
= 3.5
= 40
= 3.068
= 7.38
= 0.917
anas, Dowtherm A ) → 40000 kg/jam

0.256 ^2
4

0.2557 ft

0.2557 ft

(Fig.24, Kern p. 834)

(Pers. 6.15a, Kern p. 111)

(Pers. 6.5, Kern p. 111)

 = 0.001
= 0.001
= 0.002

PRESSURE DROP
( Inner Pipe, Fluida Panas, Dowtherm A ) → 40000 kg/jam

= 870758.1135
+ 0.264
(D.G/μ)0,42
 lbm/ft3

'/(2.g'.ρ2.D)
ft

psi

Fluida Panas, Dowtherm A ) → 40000 kg/jam

atm
o
C
kg/jam

atm
o
C
kg/jam
in

in
in2
ft2/ft
(Pers. 3.47b, Kern p. 53)
 PANAS YANG DIBUTUHKAN

Q = m.∫Cp dT

t1 = 69.9701 C 343.1201
t2 = 300 C 573.1500
tavg = 184.9850 C 458.1350

Komponen A B C D
HCl 29.2240 -0.00126 1.1210E-06 4.9676E-09
CH3Cl 27.3850 0.026036 1.0320E-04 -1.0890E-07
CH2Cl2 26.6940 0.083984 8.9172E-06 -5.0924E-08

Beban kerja HE = 1627546.1650 kJ/jam

>> BM CAMPURAN
Komponen BM yi BM*yi
HCl 36.4610 0.0008 0.0276
CH3Cl 50.4880 0.9979 50.3844
CH2Cl2 84.9310 0.0013 0.1099
50.5220

MENCARI SUHU KELUAR HE-03 FLUIDA PANAS : DOWTHERM A

T1 = 183.9324 C 457.0824
T2 = 153.4597 C 426.6097
TAVG = 168.6960 C 441.8460

Suhu ( C ) Cp ( kJ/kg.K ) Hvap. ( kJ/kg ) ρ ( kg/m3 ) Suhu ( F )

180 2.023 331 925.5 360
168.6960 1.9913 335.9737 935.8997 335.6529
185 2.037 328.8 920.9 370
0.4756 80.9966 58.4263
Btu/lb lb/ft3
Q = m x Cp
m = Q
Cp x dT
= 1627546.1650
1.9913 x 30.4727
= 26820.9665 kg/jam >>

VISKOSITAS
μ = A + BT + CT2 (mikropoise)

FLUIDA DINGIN
tavg = 458.1350 K
Komponen A B C µ
HCl -9.1180 0.5550 -1.1100E-04 221.8494
CH3Cl -1.3740 0.3863 -4.8650E-05 165.3788
CH2Cl2 -20.3720 0.4375 -7.7549E-05 163.7626

log μ = A + B/T + CT + DT^2

Komponen A B C D
H2O -10.2158 1792.5 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-06

TAVG = 441.8460 K

Komponen A B C D
H2O -10.2158 1792.5 1.7730E-02 -1.2631E-06

KAPASITAS PANAS

Cp = A + BT + CT2 + DT3 + ET4

FLUIDA DINGIN
tavg 458.1350 K
Komponen A B C D
HCl 29.2240 -0.00126 1.1210E-06 4.9676E-09
CH3Cl 27.3850 0.026036 1.0320E-04 -1.0890E-07
CH2Cl2 26.6940 0.083984 8.9172E-06 -5.0924E-08

KONDUKTIVITAS PANAS

k = A + BT + CT2 W/m.K

FLUIDA DINGIN
tavg 458.1350 K
Komponen A B C k
HCl 0.00119 4.4775E-05 2.0997E-10 0.0217
CH3Cl -0.00185 2.0206E-05 7.3234E-08 0.0228
CH2Cl2 -0.00122 1.8440E-05 3.5385E-08 0.0147

DENSITAS

ρ = P x BM gr/l
RxT
P = 3.0000 atm
R = 0.0821 l.atm/mol.K

FLUIDA DINGIN
tavg 458.1350 K
Komponen ρ ( gr/liter) ρ * yi
HCl 2.9081 2.9081
CH3Cl 4.0269 4.0269
CH2Cl2 6.7741 6.7741
13.7091
13.7091 kg/m3
43.2369 lb/ft3
 K
K
K

E ∫Cp dT (J/mol) massa (kg/jam) m (mol/jam)

-2.4963E-12 6733.1676 3.7628 103.2007
3.1642E-11 11931.1328 6873.4178 136139.6332
1.8726E-11 14447.0760 14.9986 176.5933
6892.1792 136419.4272

THERM A

K 363.0783 F
K 308.2274 F
K 335.6529 F

μ ( cP ) k ( BTU/hr.ft.F )
0.45 0.0651
0.4987 0.0663
0.43 0.0646
1.0402
lb/ft.hr
x dT

26820.9665 kg/jam
59130.0392 lb/jam
 yi µ*yi
0.0008 0.1678
0.9979 165.0396
0.0013 0.2120
165.4194 mP
0.0165 cP

log µ µ
1.5544 35.8449 cP
86.7123 lb/ft.hr

log µ µ
1.4284 26.8152 cP
64.8686 lb/ft.hr

E Cp ( kJ/kmol.K ) Cp*yi
-2.4963E-12 29.2497 0.0221
3.1642E-11 51.8958 51.7894
1.8726E-11 62.9699 0.0815
144.1154 51.8931 kJ/kmol.K
1.0271 kJ/kg.K
0.2476 BTU/lb.F

k*yi
1.6452E-05
2.2731E-02
1.8971E-05
2.2767E-02 W/m.K
0.0132 BTU/lb.F
 Cp pd tavg
Q (J/jam) Cp (J/mol.K) yi Cp*yi Q
694867.5036 29.2497 0.0008 0.0221 3018.5926
1624300040.4972 51.8958 0.9979 51.7894 7065081.7245
2551257.0429 62.9699 0.0013 0.0815 11120.0568
1627546165.0438 1.0000 51.8931 7079220.3739