Short assignment Rodriguez 1

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Short Assignment Rodriguez

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Excessive and extreme stress over daily life occurrences characterizes generalized

anxiety disorder (GAD) for no apparent reason. People suffering from GAD are constantly on

the lookout for disaster & can't quit fretting about their wellness, finances, home, job, or

academics. The majority of us are apprehensive before a test or interview (Ruscio et al., 2017).

We're concerned about whether we'll be able to finish the school; if we don't receive the job

we've applied for, we'll be economically disadvantaged. We benefit from a certain amount of

stress, but only if kept to a bearable level. An individual with a generalized anxiety disorder

(GAD) has an abnormally high level of stress or fear for no apparent cause for an extended

length of time. These emotions are uncontrollable, and the individual is usually aware that their

fear is unfounded—for example, simply the notion of accomplishing daily duties might cause

anxiety.

The diagnosis of GAD might be difficult. Emotional problems are thought to be a

defining feature of any depression and anxiety; however GAD is unique in that it is rarely

associated with panic attacks. As a result of this misunderstanding, someone who has never had a

panic attack may believe they are "simply worrying too much (Crocq et al., 2017)." Their anxiety

may be ignored or dismissed, and as a result, they may not be adequately identified or treated.

Worry and events that can make us feel nervous are common, so what are professionals

searching for to determine if someone's fear and anxiety are related to GAD.
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Strict guidelines are stated throughout the DSM-5 in order to aid medical practitioners in

treating generalized anxiety disorder. Whenever evaluating patients, adopting clinical

manifestations to allow them more effectively analyze mental health problems. Clinical experts

look for the following signs and symptoms when assessing for GAD: Extreme worry and anxiety

about various subjects, activities, or occupations. Typically a handful of the neuro-

developmental symptoms accompany the anxiety and concern (in children, only one of these

symptoms is required for a diagnosis of GAD).

Social Anxiety Disorder

Particular social settings since you think you will be poorly perceived, ashamed, or

humiliated, according to DSM-5 criteria. They are avoiding or tolerating anxiety-inducing social

occasions with great fear. Social anxiety disorder, often called social phobia, is an anxiety

condition characterized by apprehension about someone being humiliated or ridiculed in social

situations (NIH, 2014). Emotional distress will manifest as worry and anxiety, and sympathetic

excitation symptoms such as diaphoresis, apnea, spasms, heartbeat, and vomit (ADAA, 2014).

This can vary in severity from a minor annoyance managed and adjusted to a very crippling fear

that affects various aspects of one's life (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The

uneasiness that persons have Social Anxiety Disorder feel can spread to everyday activities such

as eating in company and using a public restroom. People who have social phobia want to

interact with others and engage in social events, yet their anxiety might become overwhelming

(NIMH, 2014). Social anxiety may result in stress and a lack of or regression in social skills,

both of which can exacerbate current social anxiety(Fuentes-Rodriguez et al., 2018).

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There seem to be ten different diagnoses for Social Anxiety Disorder, as per DSM-5 fear

particular to public contexts, where an individual feels seen, monitored, or inspected. Examples

of persons situations are, first time job interview, having a talk with a stranger, giving one on one

presentation (LeBeau et al., 2016). Children's behaviors must be conveyed in terms of age-

appropriate distress, such as cringing and weeping. Anxiety and fear will be wildly

disproportionate to an actual situation; the fear, anxiety, or even other anguish across public

exchanges would then persevere for 2–7 days, causing emotional pain and cognitive deficits of

operating in one or more domains, such as personal and social or occupational functioning, the

fear or anxiousness cannot be attached to the actual situation, the fear or anxiety cannot be

attached to the solid case, the fear or concern cannot be connected to the exact condition, the fear

or anxiety cannot be linked to the actual the person has another medical issue that makes them

feel self-conscious, such as a noticeable facial scar, the fear and anxiety are either unconnected

or overblown. The doctor may additionally specify that the social pressure is related to a specific

performance setting, such as oral presentations (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

Panic Disorder

Severe anxiety assaults, including one or even more attacks accompanying by at least 30

days of worry of some other panic attack, or substantial personality problems. Clients have panic

disorder sometimes present to the emergency department (ED) suffering asthma. The DSM-5

requirements of panic disorder include full - blown panic episodes, where one or more assaults

and within about 1 monthly of terror of some other panic attack, or severe maladaptive behavior

as just a result of wars(Perrotta et al., 2019). A panic attack is defined by a short time of intense

anxiety accompanied by systemic symptoms,that include chest aches, a fast heartbeat, or a higher
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heart rate. Guys are trembling and shaking. Breathlessness or a feeling of suffocation. Choking

feelings in the chest, there is pain or discomfort. Stomach discomfort, Feeling dizzy, nauseous,

unsteady, light - headedness, or dizzy is a common symptom (Olaya et al., 2018).

Cognitive Based Disorder

CBT is an effective psychological treatment for depression, anxiety disorders, drug

misuse, and marital challenges serious mental illness. According to several research studies,

CBT greatly improves functionality and quality of life. Indeed, CBT is a therapy for which there

is a great deal of empirical evidence that the processes developed are effective (Evans et al.,

2016). CBT is distinct from many other forms of psychological therapy. CBD has been

demonstrated to reduce anxiety or affect anxiety even at large doses, whereas THC lowers stress

and raises it at more significant amounts. CBD might theoretically make you uneasy if it contains

a high dose of THC. CBD has minimal evidence of helping with sleep difficulties, fibromyalgia

discomfort, multiple sclerosis muscle stiffness, and anxiety. "As a physician, the most benefit

I've seen is in treating sleep difficulties, anxiety, and pain," adds Dr. Levy.

Therapists utilize vulnerability treatment to help individuals handle their fears and

anxieties by interrupting the cycle of social phobia. It involves exposing you to fear-inducing

stimuli in a safe setting. A person with social anxiety, for instance, may shun crowded places or

parties. What do acceptance and therapeutic intervention aim to achieve?

ACT

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) aims to improve cognitive flexibility, or

even the capacity to completely access the current moment and alter or continue in behavior
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when it serves a worthwhile objective. This therapeutic strategy is used by psychologists to

provide a safe environment in which people can be "exposed" to the things they fear and avoid

(Abraham et al., 2017). When stressed goods, activities, or events are exposed in a safe

environment, fear and avoidance are lessened. As per a response, ACT was better than placebo

and normal treatment for anxiety disorders, melancholy, and habit. Its effectiveness was

equivalent to that of well-known treatments like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Cognitive

behavioral therapy is an example of a well-established treatment (CBT).

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Reference

Crocq, M. A. (2017). The history of generalized anxiety disorder as a diagnostic

category. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 19(2), 107.

Evans, S. (2016). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for generalized anxiety disorder.

In Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (pp. 145-154). Springer, Cham.

Fuentes-Rodriguez, G., Garcia-Lopez, L. J., & Garcia-Trujillo, V. (2018). Exploring the role of

the DSM-5 performance-only specifier in adolescents with social anxiety

disorder. Psychiatry research, 270, 1033-1038.

LeBeau, R. T., Mesri, B., & Craske, M. G. (2016). The DSM-5 social anxiety disorder severity

scale: Evidence of validity and reliability in a clinical sample. Psychiatry research, 244,

94-96.

Olaya, B., Moneta, M. V., Miret, M., Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., & Haro, J. M. (2018). Epidemiology

of panic attacks, panic disorder and the moderating role of age: Results from a

population-based study. Journal of affective disorders, 241, 627-633.

Perrotta, G. (2019). Panic disorder: definitions, contexts, neural correlates and clinical

strategies. Current Trends in Clinical & Medical Sciences, 1.

Ruscio, A. M., Hallion, L. S., Lim, C. C., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Al-Hamzawi, A., Alonso, J., ... &

Scott, K. M. (2017). Cross-sectional comparison of the epidemiology of DSM-5

generalized anxiety disorder across the globe. JAMA psychiatry, 74(5), 465-475.

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Abraham, A. J., Andrews, C. M., Grogan, C. M., D’Aunno, T., Humphreys, K. N.,

Pollack, H. A., & Friedmann, P. D. (2017). The Affordable Care Act transformation of substance

use disorder treatment.